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Three-dimensional architecture of common benign and precancerous prostate epithelial lesions.

ABSTRACT: AIMS:Many glandular lesions can mimic prostate cancer microscopically, including atrophic glands, adenosis and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. While the characteristic histopathological and immunohistochemical features of these lesions have been well established, little is known about their three-dimensional architecture. Our objective was to evaluate the three-dimensional organisation of common prostate epithelial lesions. METHODS AND RESULTS:500 ?m-thick punches (n = 42) were taken from radical prostatectomy specimens, and stained with antibodies targeting keratin 8-18 and keratin 5 for identification of luminal and basal cells, respectively. Tissue samples were optically cleared in benzyl alcohol:benzyl benzoate and imaged using a confocal laser scanning microscope. The three-dimensional architecture of peripheral and transition zone glands was acinar, composed of interconnecting and blind-ending saccular tubules. In simple atrophy, partial atrophy and post-atrophic hyperplasia, the acinar structure was attenuated with branching blind-ending tubules from parental tubular structures. Three-dimensional imaging revealed a novel variant of prostate atrophy characterised by large Golgi-like atrophic spaces parallel to the prostate surface, which were represented by thin, elongated tubular structures on haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) slides. Conversely, adenosis lacked acinar organisation, so that it closely mimicked low-grade prostate cancer. High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia displayed prominent papillary intraluminal protrusions but retained an acinar organisation, whereas intraductal carcinoma predominantly consisted of cribriform proliferations with either spheroid, ellipsoid or complex interconnecting lumens. CONCLUSIONS:While various prostate epithelial lesions might mimic malignancy on H&E slides, their three-dimensional architecture is acinar and clearly different from the tubular structure of prostate cancer, with adenosis as an exception.

SUBMITTER: Verhoef EI

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6849837 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Three-dimensional architecture of common benign and precancerous prostate epithelial lesions.

Verhoef Esther I EI van Cappellen Wiggert A WA Slotman Johan A JA Kremers Gert-Jan GJ Ewing-Graham Patricia C PC Houtsmuller Adriaan B AB van Royen Martin E ME van Leenders Geert J L H GJLH

Histopathology 20190421 7

<h4>Aims</h4>Many glandular lesions can mimic prostate cancer microscopically, including atrophic glands, adenosis and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. While the characteristic histopathological and immunohistochemical features of these lesions have been well established, little is known about their three-dimensional architecture. Our objective was to evaluate the three-dimensional organisation of common prostate epithelial lesions.<h4>Methods and results</h4>500 μm-thick punches (n = 42) we ...[more]

PMID: 30815904

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Project description:BackgroundThe volume and thickness of intravesical prostatic protrusion and other characteristics of benign prostatic hyperplasia have not been investigated. We determine the effects of age and prostate volume on anatomical features of benign prostatic hyperplasia using three-dimensional measurement in this study.MethodsThis retrospective study included a total of 98 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Three-dimensional models of prostate, central gland, peripheral zone, intravesical prostatic protrusion, prostatic urethra and bladder were reconstructed according to pelvic T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of these patients. The models were used to measure the intravesical prostatic protrusion volume, intravesical prostatic protrusion thickness, intravesical prostatic protrusion index, intravesical prostatic protrusion, prostate volume, peripheral zone volume, peripheral zone thickness, peripheral zone index, prostatic urethra thickness, the angle and distance of distal prostatic urethra with regard to coronal plane and sagittal plane and so on.ResultsIntravesical prostatic protrusion volume, intravesical prostatic protrusion thickness and peripheral zone volume of prostate volume >80 mL group were significantly higher than these in prostate volume <80 mL group (P<0.001, 0.01, 0.01, respectively). These parameters significantly increased with age (P<0.001, 0.01, 0.05, respectively). Peripheral zone index was significantly lower of prostate volume >80 mL group than these in prostate volume <80 mL group (P<0.05). Peripheral zone index significantly decreased with age (P<0.01). Intravesical prostatic protrusion index had no significant difference in all age groups. Peripheral zone thickness and prostatic urethra thickness had no significant difference in all groups. The distance and angle of distal prostatic urethra prostatic urethra with regard to coronal plane were significantly higher than these with regard to sagittal plane (both P<0.001).ConclusionsThe rearward slope of the prostatic urethra is greater than the left or right offset during the process of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Three-dimensional measurement provides good supports for further clinical and scientific research.

Project description:The tongue coating (TC) microbiota, a crucial component of the tongue coating, illustrates a huge microbial percentage of the body that mostly includes actinobacteria, bacteroides, firmicutes, and fusobacteria. The TC microbiota is closely related to the development of upper gastrointestinal malignancies, such as oral, gastric, and esophageal cancer. Nonetheless, the microbiological characteristics of common TCs in individuals with precancerous lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract are still unclear. Herein, we designed a case-control study, recruiting 153 PLUGT patients with four different types of TCs, including 47 white-thin, 19 white-thick, 47 yellow-thin, and 40 yellow-thick, as well as 47 volunteers as controls. To analyze microbial characteristics, 16S rRNA microbiome approaches were used. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to assess serum IL-17A and total bile acid (TBA). According to the obtained results, Leptotrichia was found to be a promising biomarker for thin as well as thick yellow coatings. In comparison to the control TC microbiota, 39 different genera developed commensal networks in common TCs. Lachnoanaerobaculum and pseudonocardia were the most striking core bacteria. Lachnoanaerobaculum positively correlated with Leptotrichia in W-thin and Y-thick coatings, with actinomyces and methylobacterium in Y-thin coatings, with Campylobacter in Y-thick coatings, and with Bradyrhizobium in W-thick and Y-thick coatings. Serum IL-17A levels were greater in cases with W-thin coating than in controls, and serum IL-17A was positively linked with Parvimonas in patients with W-thick or Y-thin coating. In Y-thin coating, the oral dominating bacteria Streptococcus was negatively linked with serum TBA. Taken together, the promoted bacteria were found to be synergistically proliferative in the TCs of PLUGT patients. The diverse TCs had distinct bacterial commensal networks, whereas the common TCs were linked by specific bacteria to serum IL-17A and TBA.

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Three-dimensional architecture of common benign and precancerous prostate epithelial lesions.

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Three-dimensional architecture of common benign and precancerous prostate epithelial lesions.

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