Dataset Information

Incidence of colorectal cancer in Eritrea: Data from the National Health Laboratory, 2011-2017.

ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION:Recent studies have reported a significant increase in the prevalence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Further, several studies employing disparate modelling algorithms have projected a significant rise in the frequency of CRC cases in the region. However, lack of good quality data on multiple themes related to CRC including incidence, among others, continues to be a problem in the region. Therefore, this study was designed to collect data on the incidence of CRC in Eritrea. METHODS:We conducted a retrospective analysis using data captured between 2011 and 2017 at the National Health Laboratory (NHL) in Asmara, Eritrea. RESULTS:241 colorectal cases were identified in the Eritrean National Health Laboratory (NHL) database between 2011 and 2017. In the final analysis we included 94 patients confirmed cases giving an average of 18.8 patients per annum. The average age ± Standard deviation (SD) was 57.62 ± 17.14 with a male: female ratio of 58/36 (1: 1.61). The minimum and maximum age of the patients was 19 and 90 years, respectively. The rectum to colon ratio was 47/47 (1:1). The proportion of patients < 50 years in this cohort was significant. The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) in the study period was between 0.97 per 100 000 to 2.21 per 100 000. Similarly, the cumulative ASIR was 9.97 per 100 000. Analysis of trends did not reveal shifts over the study period (P<0.05). However, a strong correlation between incidence and age was established. CONCLUSION:This study suggests that the incidence of CRC in Eritrea is relatively low. A significant number of patients were less than 50 years of age. Even then it's our opinion that this study may underestimate the incidence of CRC.

SUBMITTER: Medhin LB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6853305 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Incidence of colorectal cancer in Eritrea: Data from the National Health Laboratory, 2011-2017.

Medhin Lidia Biniam LB Achila Oliver Okoth OO Abrham Adiam Tesfamariam AT Efrem Biniam B Hailu Kibrom K Abraha Daniel Mebrahtu DM Gilazghi Luwam L Meresie Alay A Said Salih Mohammed SM

PloS one 20191113 11

<h4>Introduction</h4>Recent studies have reported a significant increase in the prevalence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Further, several studies employing disparate modelling algorithms have projected a significant rise in the frequency of CRC cases in the region. However, lack of good quality data on multiple themes related to CRC including incidence, among others, continues to be a problem in the region. Therefore, this study was designed to collect data on the incid ...[more]

PMID: 31721763

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Project description:INTRODUCTION:Up-to-date statistics on prostate cancer incidence and causative risk factors are essential for the primary prevention of this disease. However, the incidence of Prostate cancer (ICD-10 code C61) (PCa), or cancers in general, are poorly documented in Eritrea. This study analyses the data available to produce an estimate of the incidence of PCa in Eritrea. METHODS:We conducted a retrospective study by identifying all incident cases of PCa captured between 2011-2018 in the National Health Laboratory pathology database (Polytech 8.37.C); Urology departments of Orotta Referral Hospital and Sembel Hospital. Crude incidence rates (CIRs), age-adjusted rates per 100,000 person years and associated trends were subsequently calculated. Joinpoint Regression Program, V.4.5.0.1 was employed in these analyses. RESULTS:A total of 1721 cases were reported, of which 1593 (92.5%) were benign prostatic hypertrophy cases and 128 (7.5%) were PCa cases. The mean (±SD) age of the patients with PCa was 73.49 (± 8.9), confidence interval (CI) (54-98) and the minimum and maximum ages were 54 and 98, respectively. The median age interquartile ranges (IQR) was 73 (13) years. The highest and lowest PCa incidence rates were in 2017 (4.51 per 100 000) and 2014 (2.69 per 100 000), respectively. The age standardised rates (ASIR) (World) over the study period (2011-2018) was 30.26 per 100 000. The annualized ASIR values over the study period was 3.78 per 100 000. The associated average annual percentage change (APC) (CI) over the study period was 5.4 (-1.4-12.7), P-value = 0.100, showing a static trend over the study period. CONCLUSION:This study suggests that previous reports have under-estimated the incidence of PCa in Eritrea. The study provides ample evidence on the need for research targeted at uncovering the true burden of PCa in Eritrea. Potential solutions will require the establishment of high-quality population-based cancer registries (PBCRs) and long-term commitment to improvements in research, training, screening, diagnosis, and the overall management of PCa in the country.

Project description:BackgroundSouth Africa's National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS), the only clinical laboratory service in the country's public health sector, is an important resource for monitoring public health programmes.ObjectivesWe describe NHLS data quality, particularly patient demographics among infants, and the effect this has on linking multiple test results to a single patient.MethodsRetrospective descriptive analysis of NHLS data from 1st January 2017-1st September 2020 was performed. A validated probabilistic record-linking algorithm linked multiple results to individual patients in lieu of a unique patient identifier. Paediatric HIV PCR data was used to illustrate the effect on monitoring and evaluating a public health programme. Descriptive statistics including medians, proportions and inter quartile ranges are reported, with Chi-square univariate tests for independence used to determine association between variables.ResultsDuring the period analysed, 485 300 007 tests, 98 217 642 encounters and 35 771 846 patients met criteria for analysis. Overall, 15.80% (n = 15 515 380) of all encounters had a registered national identity (ID) number, 2.11% (n = 2 069 785) were registered without a given name, 63.15% (n = 62 020 107) were registered to women and 32.89% (n = 32 304 329) of all folder numbers were listed as either the patient's date of birth or unknown. For infants tested at < 7 days of age (n = 2 565 329), 0.099% (n = 2 534) had an associated ID number and 48.87% (n = 1 253 620) were registered without a given name. Encounters with a given name were linked to a subsequent encounter 40.78% (n = 14 180 409 of 34 775 617) of the time, significantly more often than the 21.85% (n = 217 660 of 996 229) of encounters registered with a baby-derivative name (p-value < 0.001).ConclusionUnavailability and poor capturing of patient demographics, especially among infants and children, affects the ability to accurately monitor routine health programmes. A unique national patient identifier, other than the national ID number, is urgently required and must be available at birth if South Africa is to accurately monitor programmes such as the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV.

Project description:UnlabelledBackgroundThe 58th World Health Assembly and 56th WHO Regional Committee for Africa adopted resolutions urging Member States to ensure that health financing systems included a method for prepayment to foster financial risk sharing among the population and avoid catastrophic health-care expenditure. The Regional Committee asked countries to strengthen or develop comprehensive health financing policies. This paper presents the findings of a survey conducted among senior staff of selected Eritrean ministries and agencies to elicit views on some of the elements likely to be part of a national health financing policy.MethodsThis is a descriptive study. A questionnaire was prepared and sent to 19 senior staff (Directors) in the Ministry of Health, Labour Department, Civil Service Administration, Eritrean Confederation of Workers, National Insurance Corporation of Eritrea and Ministry of Local Government. The respondents were selected by the Ministry of Health as key informants.ResultsThe key findings were as follows: the response rate was 84.2% (16/19); 37.5% (6/16) and 18.8% said that the vision of Eritrean National Health Financing Policy (NHFP) should include the phrases 'equitable and accessible quality health services' and 'improve efficiency or reduce waste' respectively; over 68% indicated that NHFP should include securing adequate funding, ensuring efficiency, ensuring equitable financial access, protection from financial catastrophe, and ensuring provider payment mechanisms create positive incentives to service providers; over 80% mentioned community participation, efficiency, transparency, country ownership, equity in access, and evidence-based decision making as core values of NHFP; over 62.5% confirmed that NHFP components should consist of stewardship (oversight), revenue collection, revenue pooling and risk management, resource allocation and purchasing of health services, health economics research, and development of human resources for health; over 68.8% indicated cost-sharing, taxation and social health insurance as preferred revenue collection mechanisms; and 68.75% indicated their preferred provider payment mechanism to be a global (lump sum) budget.ConclusionThis study succeeded in gathering the preliminary views of senior staff of selected Eritrean ministries and agencies regarding the likely elements of the NHFP, i.e. the vision, objectives, components, provider payment mechanisms, and health financing agency and its governance. In addition to stakeholder surveys, it would be helpful to inform the development of the NHFP with other pieces of evidence, including cost-effectiveness analysis of health services and interventions, financial feasibility analysis of financing options, a survey of the political and professional acceptability of financing options, national health accounts, and equity analyses.

Dataset Information

Incidence of colorectal cancer in Eritrea: Data from the National Health Laboratory, 2011-2017.

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Incidence of colorectal cancer in Eritrea: Data from the National Health Laboratory, 2011-2017.

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