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Incidence of Cervical, Ovarian and Uterine Cancer in Eritrea: Data from the National Health Laboratory, 2011-2017.

ABSTRACT: The main objective of this study was to investigate the incidence of cervical (C53), ovarian (C56) and uterine (C54-55) cancers in pathology department of the National Health Laboratory of Eritrea between 2011 and 2017. All tumour positive cases from cervix, ovary and uterus diagnosed between 2011 and 2017 were analyzed, based on the data from the pathology department available in National Health Laboratory. We summarized the results by using crude incidence rates (CIR) and age-standardized rates (ASRs). Annual percentage changes (APCs) for each site were calculated and compared according to ten-year age difference and year of occurrence. Between 2011 and 2017, 883 cases of cervical, ovarian and uterine tumours were reported in Eritrea. Malignant and benign tumours/entities comprising 269 and 614, respectively. The ASR for malignant tumours was highest in women aged between 60-69 (6.84 per 100 000). Total ASR for specific gynecological cancers (cervical, ovarian, uterine) was 19.32 per 100 000 females. The ASR for cervical cancer over the study period was 8.7 per 100 000. The ASR for ovarian and uterine cancers were 6.75 per 100 000 and 5.14 per 100 000, respectively. Over the study period, the incidence of these cancers was largely stable with no significant change in incidence rates recorded. In sum, the ASR for cervical cancer is relatively low compared to the rates reported in the region. Further, the ASR for ovarian and uterine cancers is nearly similar to the rates observed in this region. The study also provides ample evidence on the need for research targeted at uncovering the true burden of gynecological cancers in Eritrea. Potential solutions will require the establishment of high-quality population-based cancer registries (PBCRs) and long-term commitment to improvements in research platforms, training, screening, diagnosis, and the overall management of cancers in the country.

SUBMITTER: Medhin LB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7272439 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Incidence of Cervical, Ovarian and Uterine Cancer in Eritrea: Data from the National Health Laboratory, 2011-2017.

Medhin Lidia Biniam LB Tekle Lia Alem LA Achila Oliver Okoth OO Said Salih S

Scientific reports 20200604 1

The main objective of this study was to investigate the incidence of cervical (C53), ovarian (C56) and uterine (C54-55) cancers in pathology department of the National Health Laboratory of Eritrea between 2011 and 2017. All tumour positive cases from cervix, ovary and uterus diagnosed between 2011 and 2017 were analyzed, based on the data from the pathology department available in National Health Laboratory. We summarized the results by using crude incidence rates (CIR) and age-standardized rate ...[more]

PMID: 32499531

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Project description:INTRODUCTION:Up-to-date statistics on prostate cancer incidence and causative risk factors are essential for the primary prevention of this disease. However, the incidence of Prostate cancer (ICD-10 code C61) (PCa), or cancers in general, are poorly documented in Eritrea. This study analyses the data available to produce an estimate of the incidence of PCa in Eritrea. METHODS:We conducted a retrospective study by identifying all incident cases of PCa captured between 2011-2018 in the National Health Laboratory pathology database (Polytech 8.37.C); Urology departments of Orotta Referral Hospital and Sembel Hospital. Crude incidence rates (CIRs), age-adjusted rates per 100,000 person years and associated trends were subsequently calculated. Joinpoint Regression Program, V.4.5.0.1 was employed in these analyses. RESULTS:A total of 1721 cases were reported, of which 1593 (92.5%) were benign prostatic hypertrophy cases and 128 (7.5%) were PCa cases. The mean (±SD) age of the patients with PCa was 73.49 (± 8.9), confidence interval (CI) (54-98) and the minimum and maximum ages were 54 and 98, respectively. The median age interquartile ranges (IQR) was 73 (13) years. The highest and lowest PCa incidence rates were in 2017 (4.51 per 100 000) and 2014 (2.69 per 100 000), respectively. The age standardised rates (ASIR) (World) over the study period (2011-2018) was 30.26 per 100 000. The annualized ASIR values over the study period was 3.78 per 100 000. The associated average annual percentage change (APC) (CI) over the study period was 5.4 (-1.4-12.7), P-value = 0.100, showing a static trend over the study period. CONCLUSION:This study suggests that previous reports have under-estimated the incidence of PCa in Eritrea. The study provides ample evidence on the need for research targeted at uncovering the true burden of PCa in Eritrea. Potential solutions will require the establishment of high-quality population-based cancer registries (PBCRs) and long-term commitment to improvements in research, training, screening, diagnosis, and the overall management of PCa in the country.

Project description:BackgroundSouth Africa's National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS), the only clinical laboratory service in the country's public health sector, is an important resource for monitoring public health programmes.ObjectivesWe describe NHLS data quality, particularly patient demographics among infants, and the effect this has on linking multiple test results to a single patient.MethodsRetrospective descriptive analysis of NHLS data from 1st January 2017-1st September 2020 was performed. A validated probabilistic record-linking algorithm linked multiple results to individual patients in lieu of a unique patient identifier. Paediatric HIV PCR data was used to illustrate the effect on monitoring and evaluating a public health programme. Descriptive statistics including medians, proportions and inter quartile ranges are reported, with Chi-square univariate tests for independence used to determine association between variables.ResultsDuring the period analysed, 485 300 007 tests, 98 217 642 encounters and 35 771 846 patients met criteria for analysis. Overall, 15.80% (n = 15 515 380) of all encounters had a registered national identity (ID) number, 2.11% (n = 2 069 785) were registered without a given name, 63.15% (n = 62 020 107) were registered to women and 32.89% (n = 32 304 329) of all folder numbers were listed as either the patient's date of birth or unknown. For infants tested at < 7 days of age (n = 2 565 329), 0.099% (n = 2 534) had an associated ID number and 48.87% (n = 1 253 620) were registered without a given name. Encounters with a given name were linked to a subsequent encounter 40.78% (n = 14 180 409 of 34 775 617) of the time, significantly more often than the 21.85% (n = 217 660 of 996 229) of encounters registered with a baby-derivative name (p-value < 0.001).ConclusionUnavailability and poor capturing of patient demographics, especially among infants and children, affects the ability to accurately monitor routine health programmes. A unique national patient identifier, other than the national ID number, is urgently required and must be available at birth if South Africa is to accurately monitor programmes such as the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV.

Dataset Information

Incidence of Cervical, Ovarian and Uterine Cancer in Eritrea: Data from the National Health Laboratory, 2011-2017.

Publications

Incidence of Cervical, Ovarian and Uterine Cancer in Eritrea: Data from the National Health Laboratory, 2011-2017.

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