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The genomic landscape of metastatic breast cancer highlights changes in mutation and signature frequencies.

ABSTRACT: The whole-genome sequencing of prospectively collected tissue biopsies from 442 patients with metastatic breast cancer reveals that, compared to primary breast cancer, tumor mutational burden doubles, the relative contributions of mutational signatures shift and the mutation frequency of six known driver genes increases in metastatic breast cancer. Significant associations with pretreatment are also observed. The contribution of mutational signature 17 is significantly enriched in patients pretreated with fluorouracil, taxanes, platinum and/or eribulin, whereas the de novo mutational signature I identified in this study is significantly associated with pretreatment containing platinum-based chemotherapy. Clinically relevant subgroups of tumors are identified, exhibiting either homologous recombination deficiency (13%), high tumor mutational burden (11%) or specific alterations (24%) linked to sensitivity to FDA-approved drugs. This study provides insights into the biology of metastatic breast cancer and identifies clinically useful genomic features for the future improvement of patient management.

SUBMITTER: Angus L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6858873 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The genomic landscape of metastatic breast cancer highlights changes in mutation and signature frequencies.

Angus Lindsay L Smid Marcel M Wilting Saskia M SM van Riet Job J Van Hoeck Arne A Nguyen Luan L Nik-Zainal Serena S Steenbruggen Tessa G TG Tjan-Heijnen Vivianne C G VCG Labots Mariette M van Riel Johanna M G H JMGH Bloemendal Haiko J HJ Steeghs Neeltje N Lolkema Martijn P MP Voest Emile E EE van de Werken Harmen J G HJG Jager Agnes A Cuppen Edwin E Sleijfer Stefan S Martens John W M JWM

Nature genetics 20190930 10

The whole-genome sequencing of prospectively collected tissue biopsies from 442 patients with metastatic breast cancer reveals that, compared to primary breast cancer, tumor mutational burden doubles, the relative contributions of mutational signatures shift and the mutation frequency of six known driver genes increases in metastatic breast cancer. Significant associations with pretreatment are also observed. The contribution of mutational signature 17 is significantly enriched in patients pretr ...[more]

PMID: 31570896

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Project description:Background and aimsMetastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) remains an incurable disease with limited treatment options after platinum-based chemotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Vinflunine has shown a modest increase in overall survival and remains a therapeutic option for chemo- and immunotherapy refractory tumours. However, biomarkers that could identify responding patients to vinflunine and possible alternative therapies after failure to treatment are still missing. In this study, we aimed to identify potential genomic biomarkers of vinflunine response in mUC patient samples and potential management alternatives.MethodsFormalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples of mUC patients (n = 23) from three university hospitals in Spain were used for genomic targeted-sequencing and transcriptome (using the Immune Profile panel by NanoString) analyses. Patients who received vinflunine after platinum-based chemotherapy failure were classified in non-responders (NR: progressive disease ≤ 3 months; n= 11) or responders (R: response ≥ 6 months; n = 12).ResultsGenomic characterization revealed that the most common alteration, TP53 mutations, had comparable frequency in R (6/12; 50%) and NR (4/11; 36%). Non-synonymous mutations in KTM2C (4/12; 33.3%), PIK3CA (3/12; 25%) and ARID2 (3/12; 25%) were predominantly associated with response. No significant difference was observed in tumour mutational burden (TMB) between R and NR patients. The NR tumours showed increased expression of diverse immune-related genes and pathways, including various interferon gamma-related genes. We also identified increased MAGEA4 expression as a potential biomarker of non-responding tumours to vinflunine treatment.ConclusionsOur data may help to identify potential genomic biomarkers of response to vinflunine. Moreover, tumours refractory to vinflunine showed immune signatures potentially associated with response to ICB. Extensive validation studies, including longitudinal series, are needed to corroborate these findings.

Dataset Information

The genomic landscape of metastatic breast cancer highlights changes in mutation and signature frequencies.

Publications

The genomic landscape of metastatic breast cancer highlights changes in mutation and signature frequencies.

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