Dataset Information

Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals beneficial effect of dietary mulberry leaves on the muscle quality of finishing pigs.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary mulberry leaves on the transcriptome profiles of finishing pigs. RNA-Seq was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the longissimus dorsi of 56 pigs fed either a traditional diet or diets supplemented with 3%, 6% or 9% mulberry leaf powder, and both gene ontology (GO) function and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and the subnet module analysis were used to identify genes with beneficial potential, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the expression patterns revealed by RNA-Seq.

Results

Pigs fed with the 6% mulberry diet exhibited greater average daily gain, lower water loss and lower shear force than the control group and yielded 531 DEGs, including 271 and 260 upregulated and downregulated genes, respectively. Function analysis revealed that the DEGs were significantly enriched in functions related to muscle growth and development. Furthermore, several genes (i.e. ACOT4, ECHS1, HACD1, NPR1, ADCY2, MGLL and IRS1) were enriched in a KEGG pathway that was associated with fatty acid metabolism, and in the PPI subnet module, four of eight node genes, namely TNNC1, MYL3, TCAP and TNNT1, were associated with muscle formation and development. The upregulation of these genes, including TNNC1, TNNT1 and MYL3, was confirmed by qRT-PCR.

Conclusions

Dietary mulberry leaves (6%) may improve the muscle quality of pigs by modulating the expression of several key genes, such as TNNC1, MYL3 and TNNT1.

SUBMITTER: Chen G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6868455 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals beneficial effect of dietary mulberry leaves on the muscle quality of finishing pigs.

Chen Guoshun G Su Yingyu Y Cai Yu Y He Lianghong L Yang Gang G

Veterinary medicine and science 20190904 4

<h4>Background</h4>The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary mulberry leaves on the transcriptome profiles of finishing pigs. RNA-Seq was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the longissimus dorsi of 56 pigs fed either a traditional diet or diets supplemented with 3%, 6% or 9% mulberry leaf powder, and both gene ontology (GO) function and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed. Furthermore, protein-prote ...[more]

PMID: 31486291

Similar Datasets

Project description:This study evaluated the effects of flavonoids from mulberry leaves (FML) on plasma biochemical indices, serum activities of lipid metabolism-related enzymes, fat morphology, fatty acid composition, and lipid metabolism in different adipose tissues of finishing pigs. We used 120 Chinese hybrid barrows of Berkshire and Bama mini-pigs with an average initial body weight of 45.11 ± 4.23 kg. The pigs were randomly assigned to five treatment groups and fed a control diet based on corn, soybean meal, and wheat bran or a control diet supplemented with 0.02%, 0.04%, 0.08%, or 0.16% FML. Each experimental group had six replicates (pens), with four pigs per pen. After a 7-d adaptation period, the feeding trial was conducted for 58 d. Blood and adipose tissue samples were collected from 30 pigs (one pig per pen) at the end of the test. The results showed that FML supplementation significantly decreased the feed intake to body gain ratio, the plasma concentrations of total cholesterol and free fatty acids, and the serum activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (linear or quadratic effects, P < 0.05), and decreased the plasma triglyceride concentration (quadratic, P = 0.07). Increasing FML supplementation increased the average daily gain and serum activities of lipoprotein lipase (linear and quadratic effects, P < 0.05) and adipose triglyceride lipase (linear, P < 0.05). Dietary FML supplementation decreased the adipocyte area in the dorsal subcutaneous adipose (DSA) tissue of finishing pigs (linear, P = 0.05) and increased the adipocyte area in the visceral adipose tissue (quadratic, P < 0.01). Increasing FML supplementation decreased the C20:1 content in DSA, abdominal subcutaneous adipose, and visceral adipose tissues of finishing pigs (P < 0.05) and increased the C18:3n3 and n-3 PUFA contents (P < 0.05). The lipid metabolism genes were regulated by the PPARγ-LXRα-ABCA1 signaling pathway, and their expressions differed in different adipose tissues. These findings suggest that FML improved growth performance, regulated lipid metabolism, inhibited fat production, and improved fatty acid distribution in the adipose tissue of finishing pigs, thereby improving pig fat's nutritional quality and health value.

Project description:ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the influence of dietary supplementation of Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract (ELE) on muscle metabolism and meat quality of pigs with and without pre-slaughter transportation.MethodsIn a 43-day feeding experiment, a total of 160 pigs with an initial body weight 60.00±2.00 kg were randomly assigned into four groups in a completely randomized design with 10 replicates. Pigs in groups A and C were fed a basal diet and pigs in groups B and D were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0.5% ELE. Pigs were slaughtered with (group B and D) or without (group A and C) pre-slaughter transport. Muscle chemical composition, postmortem glycolysis, meat quality and muscle metabolome were analyzed.ResultsDietary ELE supplementation had no effect on the proximate composition of porcine muscle, but increased free phenylalanine, proline, citruline, norvaline, and the total free amino acids in muscle. In addition, dietary ELE increased decanoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, but decreased heptadecanoic acid, oleic acid, trans-oleic acid, and monounsaturated fatty acids in muscle. Meat quality measurement demonstrated that ELE improved meat water holding capacity and eliminated the negative effects of pre-slaughter transport on meat cooking yield and tenderness. Dietary ELE reduced muscle glycolytic potential, inhibited glycolysis and muscle pH decline in the postmortem conversion of muscle to meat and increased the activity of citrate synthase in muscle. Metabolomics analysis by liquid chromatographic tandem mass spectrometric showed that ELE enhanced muscle energy level, regulated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling, modulated glycogenolysis/glycolysis, and altered the metabolism of carbohydrate, fatty acids, ketone bodies, amino acids, purine, and pyrimidine.ConclusionDietary ELE improved meat quality and alleviated the negative effect of preslaughter transport on meat quality by enhancing muscle oxidative metabolism capacity and inhibiting glycolysis in postmortem muscle, which is probably involved its regulation of AMPK.

Project description:With the prohibition of antibiotics in feed, certain phytocompounds have been widely studied as feed additives. Chlorogenic acid (CGA), a natural polyphenol found in plants, possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and metabolic regulatory features. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary chlorogenic acid supplementation on growth performance and carcass traits, as well as meat quality, nutrient value and flavor substances of Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire (DLY) pigs. Forty healthy DLY pigs (initial body weight (BW): 26.69 ± 0.37) were allotted to four treatment groups and were fed with the control diet, which was supplemented with 25 mg kg-1, 50 mg kg-1, and 100 mg kg-1 CGA, respectively. The trial lasted 100 days. The results suggested that dietary CGA supplementation had no effect (p < 0.05) on the average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FC). Herein, it was found that 50 mg kg-1 CGA-containing diet not only increased the dressing percentage and perirenal fat, but also reduced the rate of muscular pH decline (p < 0.05). In the longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle, the myofiber-type-related genes such as the MyHC IIa and MyHC IIX mRNA levels were increased by 100 mg kg-1 CGA. The results also indicated that the 100 mg kg-1 CGA-containing diet increased the content of crude fat, glycogen, total amino acids, and flavor amino acids, but decreased the inosine and hypoxanthine concentration in LT (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the lipogenic gene ACC1 mRNA level was elevated by 50 mg kg-1 CGA. Instead, 100 mg kg-1 CGA downregulated the expression level of NT5C2, an enzyme responsible for inosine-5'-monophosphate (IMP) degradation. Additionally, 100 mg kg-1 CGA decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content, but increased the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) content as well as antioxidant gene (HO-1, NQO-1, NRF2) mRNA levels in LT muscle. These findings showed that dietary CGA could partly improve carcass traits and muscle flavor without negatively affecting growth performance, and the underlying mechanism may be due to the antioxidant properties induced by CGA.

Project description:Dietary energy source can influence muscle glycogen storage at slaughter. However, few studies have demonstrated whether the diet-induced change of muscle glycogen is achieved by the transformation of muscle fibre type. This study investigated the effects of dietary energy sources on meat quality, post mortem glycolysis and muscle fibre type transformation of finishing pigs. Seventy-two barrows with an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg were selected and were allotted to three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C, and each treatment consisted of three replicates (pens) of eight pigs each. Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF. The duration of the experiment was 28 days. After feed withdrawal 12 h, 24 pigs (eight per treatment) were slaughtered, samples from M. longissimus lumborum (LL) were collected for subsequent analysis. The results showed that pigs fed diet C had lesser average daily gain, average daily feed intake and back fat depth than those fed diet A (P<0.05). Diet C increased pH45min (P<0.05) and decreased drip loss (P<0.05) in LL muscles compared with diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05). Greater mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I and IIa and lesser expression of MyHC-IIx and IIb (P<0.05) in LL muscles were found in pigs fed diet C, than in pigs fed diet A. In addition, pigs fed diet C resulted in downregulation of miR23a and upregulation of miR409 and miR208b (P<0.05), associated with conserved changes of their corresponding targets. These findings indicated that diets containing low starch and high fibre were beneficial in reducing muscle glycolysis, improving meat quality of finishing pigs. This reduction of GP may be partially associated with the improvement of oxidative fibre composition in LL muscle, and the change in myofibre type may be correlated with the change in the miRNA expression.

Project description:BackgroundWith increasing health awareness among consumers, the demand for healthier, tastier, higher quality and nutritional value pork is increasing. It has been shown that different dietary starch sources can alter the carcass traits and meat quality. However, research on the effects of different starch sources with clear different amylose/amylopectin ratio on the amino acid and fatty acid composition in Longissimus thoracis (L. thoracis) muscle of pigs is limited. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different dietary starch sources on carcass traits, meat quality, muscle amino acid and fatty acid composition, and the mRNA expression levels of genes involved in lipid metabolism and muscle fiber characteristics in finishing pigs. A total of 72 Duroc × Landrace × Large White barrows were randomly allocated to 3 different dietary treatment groups with 8 replicate pens/group and 3 pigs per pen. Tapioca starch (TS), corn starch (CS), and pea starch (PS), with amylose/amylopectin ratio of 0.11, 0.25, and 0.44, respectively, were used as their dietary starch sources for 40 days.ResultsResults showed that the PS diet significantly increased (P < 0.05) the final body weight, average daily gain, loin-eye area, and fat-free lean index compared with the TS diet, but significantly decreased (P < 0.05) the feed to gain ratio and backfat thickness. Compared with the TS diet, PS diet also increased (P < 0.05) the pH45 min, marbling scores, the content of intramuscular fat and inosine monophosphate in the L. thoracis, and decreased (P < 0.05) the drip loss and shear force. In addition, compared with the TS diet, PS diet increased (P < 0.05) the proportions of flavor amino acids, DHA, EPA, and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in the L. thoracis compared with TS diet, but decreased (P < 0.05) the ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFA. Furthermore, compared with the TS diet, PS diet also upregulated (P < 0.05) the lipogenic genes (FAS, LPL, SCD, ACCα) and myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-IIa mRNA expression levels compared with the TS diet, but downregulated (P < 0.05) the CPT1B and MyHC-IIb mRNA levels.ConclusionsIn conclusion, these results provided compelling evidence that the different dietary starch source altered the carcass traits, meat flavor and quality in finishing pigs, and consumption of a diet with higher amylose/amylopectin ratio results in the production of a healthy, higher quality, and nutritional value pork.

Dataset Information

Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals beneficial effect of dietary mulberry leaves on the muscle quality of finishing pigs.

Background

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals beneficial effect of dietary mulberry leaves on the muscle quality of finishing pigs.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets