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Gender differences in exposure to potentially traumatic events and diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) by racial and ethnic group.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:There is a robust literature base documenting gender differences and racial/ethnic differences in exposure to potentially traumatic events (PTEs) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis. Yet, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the risk of PTEs and PTSD between genders, stratified by race/ethnicity. We aimed to better understand whether factors associated with poor psychological adjustment following PTEs (e.g., PTE type, sociodemographic factors, social support) varied by gender and race/ethnicity. METHOD:Data were collected from three U.S.-based national studies comprising the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiologic Surveys (CPES; N?=?13,649). Trained lay interviewers administered questionnaires and collected data on PTE exposure, PTSD, and psychosocial covariates. Regression analyses were conducted to investigate relations between PTEs, PTSD, and gender, stratified by race/ethnicity. RESULTS:Adjusting for sociodemographic variables, mental health comorbidity, social support, and PTE frequency, White, African-American, and Afro-Caribbean women had higher odds of PTSD than men in their respective racial/ethnic groups, whereas gender differences were not observed for Latinos or Asians. CONCLUSION:Findings suggest that risk of exposure to PTEs and PTSD may differ by gender and race/ethnicity. Future studies should consider the contributions of social, cultural, and contextual factors in estimating PTSD risk.

SUBMITTER: Valentine SE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6870874 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov - Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Gender differences in exposure to potentially traumatic events and diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) by racial and ethnic group.

Valentine Sarah E SE Marques Luana L Wang Ye Y Ahles Emily M EM Dixon De Silva Louise L Alegría Margarita M

General hospital psychiatry 20191023

<h4>Objective</h4>There is a robust literature base documenting gender differences and racial/ethnic differences in exposure to potentially traumatic events (PTEs) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis. Yet, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the risk of PTEs and PTSD between genders, stratified by race/ethnicity. We aimed to better understand whether factors associated with poor psychological adjustment following PTEs (e.g., PTE type, sociodemographic ...[more]

PMID: 31715388

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Project description:BackgroundIn the U.S., the prevalence of diabetes and hypertension are higher among African American/Black (Black), Latinx, and Filipino adults than non-Hispanic White (White) and Chinese adults. We compared the racial/ethnic-specific prevalence of several modifiable cardiometabolic risks in an insured adult population to identify behaviors that may drive racial/ethnic differences in cardiometabolic health.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used data for middle-aged (35-64) and older (65-79) Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) adult health plan members. Smoking status and BMI were derived from electronic health record data. Weighted pooled self-reported data from the 2014/2015 and 2017 KPNC Member Health Survey cycles were used to estimate daily number of servings of fruits/vegetables, general sodium avoidance, sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption frequency, alcohol use within daily recommended limit, weekly exercise frequency, and number of hours of sleep daily. Age-standardized estimates of all cardiometabolic risks were produced for middle-aged and older-aged women and men in the five racial/ethnic groups. Analyses focused on racial/ethnic differences within age-gender groups and gender and age group differences within racial/ethnic groups.ResultsIn both age groups, Black, Latinx, and Filipino adults were more likely than White and Chinese adults to have overweight and obesity and were less likely to engage in health promoting dietary (fruit/vegetable and SSB consumption, sodium avoidance (women only)) and sleep behaviors. Middle-aged Black and Filipino men were more likely than White men to be current smokers. Less racial/ethnic variation was seen in exercise frequency. Significant gender differences were observed for dietary behaviors overall and within racial/ethnic groups, especially among middle-aged adults; however, these gender differences were smaller for sleep and exercise. Age differences within gender and racial/ethnic groups were less consistent. Racial/ethnic and gender differences in these behaviors were also seen in the subsample of adults with diabetes and/or hypertension and in the subsample of adults who reported they were trying to engage in health promoting behaviors.ConclusionsBlack, Latinx, and Filipino adults were more likely than White and Chinese adults to report dietary and sleep behaviors associated with development and worsening of cardiometabolic conditions, with men exhibiting poorer dietary behaviors than women.

Dataset Information

Gender differences in exposure to potentially traumatic events and diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) by racial and ethnic group.

Publications

Gender differences in exposure to potentially traumatic events and diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) by racial and ethnic group.

Similar Datasets

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