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Assessment of Jugular Venous Blood Flow Stasis and Thrombosis During Spaceflight.

ABSTRACT: Importance:Exposure to a weightless environment during spaceflight results in a chronic headward blood and tissue fluid shift compared with the upright posture on Earth, with unknown consequences to cerebral venous outflow. Objectives:To assess internal jugular vein (IJV) flow and morphology during spaceflight and to investigate if lower body negative pressure is associated with reversing the headward fluid shift experienced during spaceflight. Design, Setting, and Participants:This prospective cohort study included 11 International Space Station crew members participating in long-duration spaceflight missions . Internal jugular vein measurements from before launch and approximately 40 days after landing were acquired in 3 positions: seated, supine, and 15° head-down tilt. In-flight IJV measurements were acquired at approximately 50 days and 150 days into spaceflight during normal spaceflight conditions as well as during use of lower body negative pressure. Data were analyzed in June 2019. Exposures:Posture changes on Earth, spaceflight, and lower body negative pressure. Main Outcomes and Measures:Ultrasonographic assessments of IJV cross-sectional area, pressure, blood flow, and thrombus formation. Results:The 11 healthy crew members included in the study (mean [SD] age, 46.9 [6.3] years, 9 [82%] men) spent a mean (SD) of 210 (76) days in space. Mean IJV area increased from 9.8 (95% CI, -1.2 to 20.7) mm2 in the preflight seated position to 70.3 (95% CI, 59.3-81.2) mm2 during spaceflight (P?

SUBMITTER: Marshall-Goebel K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6902784 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Assessment of Jugular Venous Blood Flow Stasis and Thrombosis During Spaceflight.

Marshall-Goebel Karina K Laurie Steven S SS Alferova Irina V IV Arbeille Philippe P Auñón-Chancellor Serena M SM Ebert Douglas J DJ Lee Stuart M C SMC Macias Brandon R BR Martin David S DS Pattarini James M JM Ploutz-Snyder Robert R Ribeiro L Christine LC Tarver William J WJ Dulchavsky Scott A SA Hargens Alan R AR Stenger Michael B MB

JAMA network open 20191101 11

<h4>Importance</h4>Exposure to a weightless environment during spaceflight results in a chronic headward blood and tissue fluid shift compared with the upright posture on Earth, with unknown consequences to cerebral venous outflow.<h4>Objectives</h4>To assess internal jugular vein (IJV) flow and morphology during spaceflight and to investigate if lower body negative pressure is associated with reversing the headward fluid shift experienced during spaceflight.<h4>Design, setting, and participants ...[more]

PMID: 31722025

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Project description:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The residual blood flow artifact is a critical confounder for MR black-blood thrombus imaging of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. This study aimed to conduct a validation of a new MR black-blood thrombus imaging technique with enhanced blood signal suppression. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Twenty-six participants (13 volunteers and 13 patients) underwent conventional imaging methods followed by 2 randomized black-blood thrombus imaging scans, with a preoptimized delay alternating with nutation for tailored excitation (DANTE) preparation switched on and off, respectively. The signal intensity of residual blood, thrombus, brain parenchyma, normal lumen, and noise on black-blood thrombus images were measured. The thrombus volume, SNR of residual blood, and contrast-to-noise ratio for residual blood versus normal lumen, thrombus versus residual blood, and brain parenchyma versus normal lumen were compared between the 2 black-blood thrombus imaging techniques. Segmental diagnosis of venous sinus thrombosis was evaluated for each black-blood thrombus imaging technique using a combination of conventional imaging techniques as a reference. RESULTS:In the volunteer group, the SNR of residual blood (11.3 ± 2.9 versus 54.0 ± 23.4, P < .001) and residual blood-to-normal lumen contrast-to-noise ratio (7.5 ± 3.4 versus 49.2 ± 23.3, P < .001) were significantly reduced using the DANTE preparation. In the patient group, the SNR of residual blood (16.4 ± 8.0 versus 75.0 ± 35.1, P = .002) and residual blood-to-normal lumen contrast-to-noise ratio (12.4 ± 7.8 versus 68.8 ± 35.4, P = .002) were also significantly lower on DANTE-prepared black-blood thrombus imaging. The new black-blood thrombus imaging technique provided higher thrombus-to-residual blood contrast-to-noise ratio, significantly lower thrombus volume, and substantially improved diagnostic specificity and agreement with conventional imaging methods. CONCLUSIONS:DANTE-prepared black-blood thrombus imaging is a reliable MR imaging technique for diagnosing cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.

Dataset Information

Assessment of Jugular Venous Blood Flow Stasis and Thrombosis During Spaceflight.

Publications

Assessment of Jugular Venous Blood Flow Stasis and Thrombosis During Spaceflight.

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