Effect of Smartphone Use on Intraocular Pressure.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Lee EJ
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6906532 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Dec
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Effect of Smartphone Use on Intraocular Pressure.
Scientific reports 20191211 1
The rapidly increasing utilization of smartphones makes ophthalmic problems associated with their use an important issue. This prospective study aimed to determine whether using a smartphone to view visual material is associated with a change in the intraocular pressure (IOP), and to determine which groups of factors best predict the time-dependent increase in IOP with smartphone use. This study included 158 eyes (127 glaucomatous and 31 healthy eyes) recruited from Seoul National University Bun ...[more]
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Project description:PurposeTo investigate the effect of reading or writing on a smartphone in terms of intraocular pressure (IOP) changes.DesignProspective, comparative case series.ParticipantsThirty-nine (39) healthy young (age < 40) volunteers.MethodsThe participants were requested to conduct standardized work (i.e., read a sample text on single mobile device and subsequently type it on the same device) under daylight [300 lux] and low-light [100 lux] conditions independently on consecutive days. On each day, three sets of IOP measurements (total: 7) using a rebound tonometer (iCare PRO; Tiolat, Helsinki, Finland) were performed: (1) pre-work (baseline) [2 measurements], (2) during smartphone work [5, 15, and 25 minutes], and (3) post-work [5 and 15 minutes].Main outcome measuresChanges in IOP at different check-out points.ResultsUnder the daylight condition, the mean baseline IOP was 13.7 ± 1.8 mmHg, and the mean IOP increased after 5 minutes of work (14.1 ± 1.8 mmHg; +2.0 ± 1.9%; P < 0.001). When the smartphone work lasted for 15 minutes, the IOP showed a further significant increase (15.5 ± 1.7 mmHg; +12.9 ± 4.4%; P < 0.001), which persisted over the course of the 25 minutes of smartphone work (15.3 ± 1.8 mmHg; +11.1 ± 3.9%; P < 0.001); then, after stopping work for 5 minutes, the IOP was restored (13.9 ± 1.7 mmHg; +0.9 ± 2.1%; P = 0.220). Under the low-light condition, the mean IOP was significantly increased immediately after 5 minutes of smartphone work (from 13.9 ± 1.9 to 15.6 ± 1.8 mmHg; +12.1 ± 4.8%; P < 0.001); this IOP increase continued: 17.3 ± 1.9 [+24.7 ± 10.3%] at 15 minutes' work, and 17.0 ± 1.7 mmHg [+23.1 ± 9.5%] at 25 minutes' work (P < 0.001 at both check-out points). Five minutes after stopping the smartphone work, interestingly, the IOP significantly dropped, to a level even lower than that of the pre-work (12.8 ± 1.9 mmHg; -8.1 ± 3.0%; P < 0.001), and at post-work 15 minutes, the IOP returned to the baseline (13.9 ± 1.8 mmHg; -0.3 ± 2.6%; P = 0.360).ConclusionsIn healthy young subjects, reading or writing on smartphone significantly increased IOP, and the changes of IOP were faster and greater under the low-light condition. Smartphone users who are concerned about IOP fluctuation are advised to (1) take a break if they read or write on smartphone for more than 5 minutes, and (2) avoid using smartphones wherever possible in dark places.
| S-EPMC6201904 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTo evaluate the effect of hemifacial spasm (HFS) on intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement.MethodsTwenty-four consecutive patients with HFS and 25 age- and gender-matched randomly selected eyes of healthy volunteers underwent corneal pachymetry and IOP measurements using Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) and noncontact tonometer (NCT). IOP measurements were performed before (during HFS) and 2 weeks after Botox injections in HFS patients and in healthy volunteers without Botox injections.ResultsThere was no statistical difference between involved eye side and uninvolved eye side of HFS patients in measured central corneal thickness. Similarly, no difference was found between involved eye side of HFS patients and controls. There were no statistically significant differences comparing IOP values before treatment and levels measured at 2 weeks of Botox injections, either with GAT (p = 0.33, 0.11) or NCT (p = 0.80, 0.43) devices in the involved eyes and uninvolved eyes of patients with HFS, respectively. There were also no significant differences in these parameters (GAT (p = 0.63) and NCT (p = 0.54)) in controls.ConclusionsContractions in facial muscles may not lead to significant increase in IOP in HFS patients. This result may help clinical decision making in the treatment of glaucoma patients with HFS. This trial is registered with NCT03390803.
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Project description:Microscopes play an important role in the diagnosis of microorganisms and pathological lesions in ophthalmology guiding us to the appropriate management. The current trend of collecting samples and examination is mostly laboratory-based which consume time, labor, and are costly. Smartphones are being used in different fields of ophthalmology with great ubiquity. The good quality photographs obtained by smartphones along with the ease of mobility has made it possible to warrant its use in the microscopic world. This article describes a simple novel technique of preparing an intraocular lens system which can be used in conjunction with a smartphone to detect microorganisms and pathological lesions.
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Project description:PurposeThe purpose of the study was to investigate ocular hypertensive effect of exogenous glucosamine in comparison with placebo in patients with osteoarthritis.Patients and methodsIn this double-masked randomized clinical trial, 88 patients with osteoarthritis were included. Forty-four patients were randomized into either glucosamine sulfate or the placebo group.Comprehensive ophthalmologic exam including intraocular pressure (IOP) at baseline, month 1, and 3 was performed. Ocular response analyzer parameters were also checked at baseline and month 3.ResultsThe mean IOP at the time of presentation was 12.4±2.7 mm Hg in glucosamine and 13±2.8 mm Hg in the placebo group (P=0.329). At month 1 the corresponding values were 12.6±2.4 and 12.9±2.4 mm Hg (P=0.868), and at 3 months follow-up were 13.5±2.3 and 13±2.7 mm Hg (P=0.002), respectively. About 34.1% in treatment and 12.5% in the placebo group had clinically significant (defined as ≥ 2 mm Hg) rise in IOP at final follow-up (P=0.023). Mean age in those with significant rise in IOP was 66 vs 57.7 years in patients with <2 mm Hg (P=0.034). The ORA parameters remained unchanged in both the groups during the course of study.ConclusionGlucosamine supplement therapy causes statistically significant rise of IOP, which is more pronounced in elderly patients. Clinical implication of this finding needs further evaluation.
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Project description:There has been speculation that IOP-lowering medication, which increases aqueous humor outflow, increases the risk of metastatic uveal melanoma (UM). This hypothesis has not been studied previously but is relevant for UM patients who use IOP-lowering medication. The aim of the current study is to assess the association between the use of intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering medication and the risk of metastatic UM, and mortality. A retrospective cohort study, in which patients from the Rotterdam Ocular Melanoma Study were included from 1986 onwards. Medical records were evaluated for use of IOP-lowering medication at baseline (i.e., before diagnosis). For each IOP-lowering medication, we divided patients into two groups for comparison (e.g., patients with alpha2-agonist use and patients without alpha2-agonist use). All patients underwent regular ophthalmic examinations and routine screening for metastasis. Survival analyses were initiated to compare groups in each IOP-lowering medication group. In addition, secondary analyses were performed to examine the association between IOP and the development of metastatic UM, and mortality. A total of 707 patients were included of whom 13 patients used prostaglandin or pilocarpine at baseline. For alpha2-agonist, beta-blocker, carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, and oral IOP-lowering medication these were 4, 14, 11, and 12 patients, respectively. The risk of metastatic UM (choroid and ciliary body melanoma) among the prostaglandin/pilocarpine users was significantly higher than controls (HR [95% CI]: 4.840 [1.452-16.133]). Mortality did not differ significantly among the IOP-lowering medications groups, except for the prostaglandin or pilocarpine group (HR [95% CI]: 7.528 [1.836-30.867]). If we combined all IOP-lowering medication that increase aqueous humor outflow, the risk (HR [95% CI]) of metastatic UM and mortality was 6.344 (1.615-24.918) and 9.743 (2.475-38.353), respectively. There was an association between IOP and mortality, but not for the onset of metastatic UM. The use of topical prostaglandin or pilocarpine may increase the risk of metastatic UM and mortality compared to patients without prostaglandin or pilocarpine use. Therefore, use of IOP-lowering medication which increases aqueous humor outflow, should be avoided in patients with (presumed) UM.
| S-EPMC8616129 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivePast work has shown that smartphone use has negative effects on well-being. Yet, most evidence relies on self-reported measures of smartphone use and comes from Western democracies. We examined the relationship between both self-reported and actual smartphone use and well-being in Pakistan, a country that is under-researched in the Global South. Additionally, we investigated the moderating effect of the fear of missing out (FoMO).MethodsWe conducted an online survey among 427 Pakistani citizens. Participants reported their smartphone use and well-being (i.e., levels of depression, loneliness, and life satisfaction). At the end of the survey, participants were asked to upload screenshots of their respective 'Screen Time' (for iOS) or 'Digital Well-being' (for Android) apps, which we used to measure their actual smartphone use.ResultsWe found a moderate association between self-reported and actual smartphone use (r = .36); on average, participants underreported their daily smartphone use by 11 min. Actual smartphone use was negatively associated with well-being, while self-reported use showed no statistically significant association. FoMO was positively associated with actual smartphone use but not with self-reported use. Finally, FoMO moderated the relationship between self-reported use and well-being.ConclusionOur findings show that the relationship between smartphone use and well-being depends on how smartphone use is measured and is moderated by FoMO. Moreover, we find that mobile data donation is viable in Pakistan, which should encourage future research to use it as a complement to self-reported media use more often.
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Project description:Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is the major risk factor for glaucoma. The molecular mechanism of elevated IOP is unclear, which impedes glaucoma therapy. 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-inducible Poly-ADP-ribose Polymerase (TIPARP), a member of the PARP family, catalyses mono-ADP-ribosylation. Here we showed that TIPARP was widely expressed in the cornea, trabecular meshwork, iris, retina, optic nerve, sclera, and choroid of human eyes. The expression of TIPARP was significantly upregulated in the blood and trabecular meshwork of patients with primary open angle glaucoma compared with that of healthy controls. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the expression of genes related to extracellular matrix deposition and cell adhesion was decreased in TIPARP-upregulated human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells. Moreover, western blot analysis showed that collagen types I and IV, fibronectin, and α-SMA were increased in TIPARP downregulated or TIPARP-inhibited HTM cells. In addition, cross-linked actin networks were produced, and vinculin was upregulated in these cells. Subconjunctival injection of the TIPARP inhibitor RBN-2397 increased the IOP in Sprague–Dawley rats. Therefore, we identified TIPARP as a regulator of IOP through modulation of extracellular matrix and cell cytoskeleton proteins in HTM cells. These results indicate that TIPARP is a potential therapeutic target for ocular hypertension and glaucoma.
2022-12-28 | GSE218153 | GEO
Project description:Previous studies indicated that activation of glial cells and inflammatory responses are triggering factors of glaucomatous optic neuropathy. In particular, neurotoxic reactive astrocytes have been found to play a significant role in retinal ganglion cell damage. Furthermore, research showed that activation of glial cells is not dependent on retinal ganglion cell injury, but rather a direct response to pathological elevation of intraocular pressure. However, the molecular mechanism by which elevated intraocular pressure triggers glial activation through mechanical forces remains unknown. By spatial transcriptome sequencing, our study revealed that the neurotoxic astrocyte would rapidly be reactivated in the optic nerve head under elevated intraocular pressure in vivo.
2024-08-31 | GSE241192 | GEO
Project description:PurposeTo determine the 24-hour effects of travoprost with sofZia on intraocular pressure (IOP) and ocular perfusion pressure as well as the endurance of IOP lowering after last dosing.DesignProspective, open-label study.MethodsForty subjects with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension were admitted to our sleep laboratory for three 24-hour sessions monitoring IOP, blood pressure (BP), and heart rate. The first baseline session occurred after medication washout or immediately after enrollment for treatment-naïve patients. A second 24-hour monitoring session was performed after 4 weeks of once-nightly treatment of travoprost with sofZia. The medication was then discontinued and a third 24-hour session was completed 60-84 hours after the last dose taken. IOP measurements were taken using a pneumotonometer every 2 hours in the sitting position during the 16-hour diurnal period and in the supine position during the 8-hour nocturnal period. Ocular perfusion pressure was defined as 2/3[diastolic BP + 1/3(systolic BP - diastolic BP)] - IOP.ResultsTreatment with travoprost with sofZia significantly lowered mean diurnal and nocturnal IOP levels from baseline (diurnal 18.1 ± 3.9 to 15.3 ± 3.3 mm Hg; nocturnal 20.6 ± 3.6 to 19.4 ± 3.4 mm Hg, P < .01 for both). Once treatment was discontinued, mean IOP remained at levels significantly less than baseline during both the diurnal (16.6 ± 3.8 mm Hg) and nocturnal periods (19.4 ± 3.5 mm Hg). Mean baseline ocular perfusion pressure was significantly increased during the diurnal but not the nocturnal period (diurnal 73.7 ± 11.4 to 76.5 ± 10.3 mm Hg, P = .01; nocturnal 64.4 ± 12.6 to 64.2 ± 11.1 mm Hg, P = .67).ConclusionTravoprost with sofZia significantly lowers IOP throughout the diurnal and nocturnal periods, and increases ocular perfusion pressure in the diurnal, but not the nocturnal, period in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. The treatment effect on IOP endures for at least 84 hours after the last dose.
| S-EPMC3894832 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundWe investigated how cataract surgery might influence long-term intraocular pressure (IOP) change in both healthy subjects and glaucoma patients.MethodsA retrospective analysis of patients who had had clear corneal phacoemulsification with a minimum of 12 months of follow up was performed. Glaucoma patients with medically controlled open-angle glaucoma and healthy subjects with no glaucoma were included in the analysis. The change of IOP after phacoemulsification and factors associated with postoperative IOP change were investigated.ResultsIn total, 754 eyes of 754 patients, specifically 106 patients with glaucoma and 648 patients with no glaucoma (i.e., healthy subjects) were enrolled. The phacoemulsification effected a reduction of IOP: 1.03 ± 3.72 mmHg in healthy subjects and 1.08 ± 3.79 mmHg in glaucoma patients at postoperative 1 year (P = 0.656). There were negative coefficients of IOP until 1 year of follow up (all P < 0.001), but the IOP change gradually showed a less steeply decreasing slope (correlation coefficient: -0.993), compared with those for 1 week and 1 month of follow up (correlation coefficients: -1.893 and -1.540, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, age and preoperative IOP showed significant associations with postoperative IOP change (regression coefficients: -0.034 and 0.419 respectively, all P < 0.001).ConclusionPhacoemulsification resulted in IOP reduction, which effect regressed in healthy subjects and glaucoma patients over the course of long-term follow up. Therefore, long-term monitoring of IOP change is needed. In cases of higher preoperative IOP and young patients, phacoemulsification alone is a reliable option for IOP control.
| S-EPMC6374551 | biostudies-literature