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Molecular effects of Moringa leaf extract on insulin resistance and reproductive function in hyperinsulinemic male rats.

ABSTRACT: Background:Many studies have reported that insulin resistance impairs the antioxidant defense system and causes male infertility. Moringa oleifera is a medicinal plant that has been employed for the medicament of many disorders. It controls the levels of glucose and manages male sexual disorders. However, its extracts can reverse insulin resistance-linked metabolic alterations remains unknown. Therefore, the current study investigated the potential of the aqueous leaves extract from Moringa oleifera to reverse insulin resistance and testicular disorders in rats. Methods:Rats were fed either a chow (as a control group) or a high fructose diet (HFD, to persuade a state of insulin resistance), in addition to a group of rats fed HFD and treated with Moringa (300 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. Results:Moringa reversed hepatic insulin insensitivity and this was linked to up-regulation of genes involved in insulin receptors and glucose uptake in the liver. These results were associated with amended the insulin level in serum and standardization of insulin sensitivity. In addition, it improved the serum testosterone level and the gene expression of the testicular steridogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and 3?-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3?-HSD). Conclusion:Taken together, our findings demonstrate that Moringa reversed HFD diet-induced insulin resistance and improved the testicular function.

SUBMITTER: Mohamed MA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6915189 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Molecular effects of Moringa leaf extract on insulin resistance and reproductive function in hyperinsulinemic male rats.

Mohamed Mona A MA Ahmed Mervat A MA El Sayed Rasha A RA

Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders 20191115 2

<h4>Background</h4>Many studies have reported that insulin resistance impairs the antioxidant defense system and causes male infertility. <i>Moringa oleifera</i> is a medicinal plant that has been employed for the medicament of many disorders. It controls the levels of glucose and manages male sexual disorders. However, its extracts can reverse insulin resistance-linked metabolic alterations remains unknown. Therefore, the current study investigated the potential of the aqueous leaves extract fr ...[more]

PMID: 31890674

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Project description:Objectives: Lotus leaf is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine. We aimed to explore the effects of lotus leaf aqueous extract (LLAE) on peroxisome proliferative activated receptor ?2 (PPAR?2) expression in preadipocytes and adipocytes and further investigate its effects on high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. Methods: pGL3-Enhancer-PPAR?2 (625 bp)-Luc plasmid, a luciferase reporter gene expression plasmid containing PPAR?2 promoter, was stably transfected into 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. PPAR?2 promoter activities were determined by assaying the luciferase activities. Then PPAR?2 promoter activities in preadipocytes and PPAR?2 mRNA levels in human subcutaneous adipocytes were measured after the administration with LLAE. Additionally, the effects of LLAE on body weight, fat mass, glucose and lipid metabolism and the expression of PPAR?2, insulin receptor substrate 1 and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were measured in HFD-induced obese rats treated with low or high dose [0.5 or 3.0 g crude drug/(kg.d)] LLAE for 6 weeks. Results: Ten ?g/ml LLAE significantly increased the luciferase activities in 3T3-L1 cells and the stimulatory action reached 2.51 folds of controls when LLAE was 1000 ?g/ml (P < 0.01). After treating 3T3-L1 cells with 100 ?g/ml LLAE, the stimulatory role peaked at 32 h where it was 2.58 folds of controls (P < 0.01). Besides, 100 ?g/ml LLAE significantly increased PPAR?2 mRNA levels in human adipocytes to 1.91 folds of controls (P < 0.01). In HFD-induced obese rats, administration with both low and high dose LLAE notably reduced visceral fat mass by 45.5 and 58.4%, respectively, and significantly decreased fasting serum insulin levels (P < 0.05). The high dose LLAE also significantly decreased homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance in obese rats (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the mRNA levels of PPAR?2 and GLUT4 in VAT of obese rats were significantly increased when compared with control rats, and were notably suppressed by LLAE intervention for 6 weeks (P < 0.05). Conclusion: LLAE significantly reduces visceral fat mass and ameliorates insulin resistance in HFD-induced obese rats. These beneficial effects of LLAE may associate with its role in stimulating PPAR?2 expression in preadipocytes and subcutaneous adipocytes and suppressing PPAR?2 and GLUT4 expression in VAT.

Project description:Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels (Myrtaceae) has been traditionally used to treat a number of illnesses. Ethnopharmacological studies have particularly addressed antidiabetic and metabolic-related effects of extracts prepared from its different parts, especially seed, and pulp-fruit, however. there is a lack of studies on phytochemical profile and biological properties of its leaf. As there is considerable interest in bioactive compounds to treat metabolic syndrome and its clustered risk factors, we sought to characterize the metabolic effects of hydroethanolic extract of S. cumini leaf (HESc) on lean and monosodium L-glutamate (MSG)-induced obese rats. HPLC-MS/MS characterization of the HESc polyphenolic profile, at 254 nm, identified 15 compounds pertaining to hydrolysable tannin and flavanol subclasses. At 60 days of age, both groups were randomly assigned to receive HESc (500 mg/kg) or vehicle for 30 days. At the end of treatment, obese+HESc exhibited significantly lower body weight gain, body mass index, and white adipose tissue mass, compared to obese rats receiving vehicle. Obese rats treated with HESc showed a twofold increase in lipolytic activity in the periepididymal fat pad, as well as, brought triglyceride levels in serum, liver and skeletal muscle back to levels close those found in lean animals. Furthermore, HESc also improved hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in obese+HESc rats, which resulted in partial reversal of glucose intolerance, as compared to obese rats. HESc had no effect in lean rats. Assessment of ex vivo glucose-stimulated insulin secretion showed HESc potentiated pancreatic function in islets isolated from both lean and obese rats treated with HESc. In addition, HESc (10-1000 ?g/mL) increased glucose stimulated insulin secretion from both isolated rat islets and INS-1E ?-cells. These data demonstrate that S. cumini leaf improved peripheral insulin sensitivity via stimulating/modulating ?-cell insulin release, which was associated with improvements in metabolic outcomes in MSG-induced obese rats.

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Molecular effects of Moringa leaf extract on insulin resistance and reproductive function in hyperinsulinemic male rats.

Publications

Molecular effects of Moringa leaf extract on insulin resistance and reproductive function in hyperinsulinemic male rats.

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