Dataset Information

Supplemental methionine exerted chemical form-dependent effects on antioxidant status, inflammation-related gene expression, and fatty acid profiles of broiler chicks raised at high ambient temperature1.

ABSTRACT: This study was to explore metabolic effects of two forms and concentrations of supplemental methionine in grower and finisher diets for broiler chickens raised at high temperature. Male Cornish cockerel chicks (total = 360, day-old) were divided into four groups (10 pens/treatment, 9 chicks/pen) and fed with 100% or 130% required methionine in the diets as DL-methionine (DL-MET) or 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoate (HMTBA). The room was maintained at 4 to 13 °C above the suggested thermoneutral temperature. The higher concentration of both DL-MET and HMTBA enhanced (P < 0.05) hepatic GSH concentrations of the growers and plasma ferric reducing ability of the finishers. The DL-MET-fed growers had greater (P < 0.05%) muscle GSH and hepatic unsaturated fatty acid concentrations than those fed HMTBA. Expression of inflammation-related genes in the liver of finishers was affected (P < 0.05) by interaction effects of the methionine form and concentration. In conclusion, effects of the extra methionine supplementation on the high ambient temperature-related metabolic responses of broilers varied with their age and(or) tissue and the methionine form.

SUBMITTER: Liu G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6915222 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Supplemental methionine exerted chemical form-dependent effects on antioxidant status, inflammation-related gene expression, and fatty acid profiles of broiler chicks raised at high ambient temperature1.

Liu Guanchen G Magnuson Andrew D AD Sun Tao T Tolba Samar A SA Starkey Charles C Whelan Rose R Lei Xin Gen XG

Journal of animal science 20191201 12

This study was to explore metabolic effects of two forms and concentrations of supplemental methionine in grower and finisher diets for broiler chickens raised at high temperature. Male Cornish cockerel chicks (total = 360, day-old) were divided into four groups (10 pens/treatment, 9 chicks/pen) and fed with 100% or 130% required methionine in the diets as DL-methionine (DL-MET) or 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoate (HMTBA). The room was maintained at 4 to 13 °C above the suggested thermoneutral ...[more]

PMID: 31710661

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Project description:This study was designed to compare the effect of methionine (Met) sources (DL-methionine [DLM] and DL-2-hydroxy-4-methylthio-butanoic acid [HMTBa]) and their supplementation levels on broiler growth performance and redox state. A 2 × 2 factorial arrangement was used with 2 sources (DLM and HMTBa) and 2 supplementation levels (0.05% and 0.25%) of Met. A total of 480 one-day-old broiler chicks were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 8 replicates per treatment (15 birds per replicate). The experiment lasted for 21 d. Broiler growth performance, redox capacity, redox-related genes expression, and Met transporters in different tissues were tested. Broilers fed high Met supplementation levels had improved (P < 0.05) body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Similarly, broilers fed high Met levels had better (P < 0.05) antioxidant abilities in the serum, small intestine, and liver. Whereas, interactive effects (P < 0.05) were also observed between Met sources and levels. Compared with DLM, birds fed HMTBa diets had decreased (P < 0.05) total glutathione (T-GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) contents in duodenum, ileum, and liver. Similarly, broilers fed HMTBa supplemented diets had increased (P < 0.05) thioredoxin (Trx) gene expression in the duodenum and ileum, but decreased (P < 0.05) glutaredoxin (Grx), glutathione reductase (GSR), and glutathione synthetase (GSS) genes expression. Furthermore, lower gene expression of Na+ and Cl- dependent neutral and cationic amino acid transporter (ATB 0, + ), and Na+ dependent neutral amino acid transporter (B 0 AT) in the duodenum brush border, but higher gene expression of diamine acetyltransferase 1 (SAT1) and Na+-independent branched-chain and aromatic amino acid transporter (LAT1) in the jejunum and ileum basement membrane along with higher expression of the proton dependent monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) gene in the ileum were detected in birds fed HMTBa diets. In conclusion, DLM can be effectively used in glutathione synthesis to exert antioxidant functions, whereas HMTBa favors S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) synthesis and thus stimulates antioxidant-related genes expression.

Project description:This research evaluate the influence of different oil sources, namely fish oil (FO), coconut oil (CocO), canola oil (CanO), or a mixture of the three oils (MTO)-included at 1.5% in broiler diets-compared to a no oil-supplemented diet. Hence, 250 unsexed, 1-day-old Cobb chicks were weighed and randomly allocated into five dietary treatment groups of 50 chicks each and five replicates per group. Oil-supplemented diets significantly increased the growth, improved the feed conversion ratio (FCR), and decreased the abdominal fat percentage compared to the control diet. Amylase was significantly elevated due to feeding the FO- or CocO-supplemented-diet compared to the control diet, whereas lipase increased due to offering CocO- and CanO-enriched diet; chymotrypsin increased due to different oil sources. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increased markedly due to offering an oil-supplemented diet, but low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), the LDL-C:HDL-C ratio, and malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased. Blood plasma immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM significantly increased due to feeding CocO, CanO, or MTO compared to the control group, whereas FO increased IgG only. FO- and CanO-containing diets resulted in the highest increase in ?2-globulin and ?-globulin. The antibody titer to avian influenza (HIAI) and Newcastle disease (HIND) were significantly elevated due to CocO supplementation compared to the control group. The bursa follicle length and width and thymus cortex depth were increased considerably due to the FO-supplemented diet compared to the control, but the follicle length:width ratio decreased. The villus height:depth ratio was significantly elevated due to both the CanO and MTO diets. The antioxidant status improved considerably due to the addition of CocO and CanO. Both CanO and MTO similarly increased plasma T3, T4, and the T3:T4 ratio. In conclusion, oil supplementations at 1.5% enhanced growth performance and immune status, improved the blood lipid profile and antioxidants status, and the effect of the oil sources depends on the criteria of response.

Project description:This research was to determine effects of supplemental dietary microalgal astaxanthin (AST) on hepatic gene expression and protein production of redox enzymes, heat shock proteins (HSPs), cytokines, and lipid metabolism in broilers (BR) and laying hens (LH) under high ambient temperatures. A total of 240 (day old) Cornish male BR and 50 (19 wk old) White Leghorn Shavers LH were allotted in 5 dietary treatments with 6 and 10 cages/treatment (8 BR or 1 LH/cage), respectively. The birds were fed corn-soybean meal basal diets supplemented with microalgal (Haematococcus pluvialis) AST at 0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg diet for 6 wk. Supplemental AST to the BR diet linearly decreased (P < 0.10, R2 = 0.18-0.36) hepatic mRNA levels of several redox status-controlling genes, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSTF1), c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1), tumor necrosis factor-α, and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1). The supplementation linearly elevated (P = 0.04, R2 = 0.20) diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) mRNA level and produced quadratic changes (P < 0.10, R2 = 0.15-0.47) in mRNA levels of glutathione S-transferase (GST), serine/threonine kinase (AKT1), P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (P38MAKP), lipid metabolism-controlling genes, and the protein production of HSP90 and P38MAPK in the liver. Supplementing AST to the LH diets linearly decreased (P < 0.10, R2 = 0.18-0.56) mRNA levels of GST, HSF1, JNK1, and interleukin 10; lipogenesis genes; and JNK1 protein production. However, supplemental dietary AST produced quadratic changes (P < 0.10, R2 = 0.26-0.72) in mRNA levels of most antioxidant-, stress-responsive, and lipid metabolism-related genes in the liver of LH. In conclusion, supplemental dietary AST affected the hepatic gene expression and protein production related to redox status, heat stress and inflammation, and lipid metabolism in both BR and LH. The impacts varied with the chicken type and demonstrated linear and quadratic regressions with the inclusion levels of AST.

Dataset Information

Supplemental methionine exerted chemical form-dependent effects on antioxidant status, inflammation-related gene expression, and fatty acid profiles of broiler chicks raised at high ambient temperature1.

Publications

Supplemental methionine exerted chemical form-dependent effects on antioxidant status, inflammation-related gene expression, and fatty acid profiles of broiler chicks raised at high ambient temperature1.

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