Dataset Information

The Human Milk Microbiota is Modulated by Maternal Diet.

ABSTRACT: Human milk microorganisms contribute not only to the healthy development of the immune system in infants, but also in shaping the gut microbiota. We evaluated the effect of the maternal diet during pregnancy and during the first month of lactation on the human milk microbiota in a cross-sectional study including 94 healthy lactating women. Microbiota composition was determined by 16S rDNA profiling and nutrient intake assessed through food questionnaires. Thirteen genera were present in at least 90% of all samples, with three genera present in all samples: Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Corynebacterium. Cluster analysis indicated two distinct compositions: one marked by a high abundance of Streptococcus (cluster 1), and other by a high abundance of Staphylococcus (cluster 2). A global association with milk microbiota diversity was observed for vitamin C intake during pregnancy (p = 0.029), which was higher for cluster 2 individuals (cluster 2 median = 232 mg/d; cluster 1 = 175 mg/d; p = 0.02). Positive correlations were found between Bifidobacterium in the milk and intake of polyunsaturated and linoleic fatty acids during the lactation period (p < 0.01). We show that maternal diet influences the human milk microbiota, especially during pregnancy, which may contribute in shaping the gut microbiota.

SUBMITTER: Padilha M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6920866 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Human Milk Microbiota is Modulated by Maternal Diet.

Padilha Marina M Danneskiold-Samsøe Niels Banhos NB Brejnrod Asker A Hoffmann Christian C Cabral Vanessa Pereira VP Iaucci Julia de Melo JM Sales Cristiane Hermes CH Fisberg Regina Mara RM Cortez Ramon Vitor RV Brix Susanne S Taddei Carla Romano CR Kristiansen Karsten K Saad Susana Marta Isay SMI

Microorganisms 20191029 11

Human milk microorganisms contribute not only to the healthy development of the immune system in infants, but also in shaping the gut microbiota. We evaluated the effect of the maternal diet during pregnancy and during the first month of lactation on the human milk microbiota in a cross-sectional study including 94 healthy lactating women. Microbiota composition was determined by 16S rDNA profiling and nutrient intake assessed through food questionnaires. Thirteen genera were present in at least ...[more]

PMID: 31671720

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Project description:BackgroundMaternal diet and sociodemographic factors influence xanthophyll concentration and composition in human milk. However, the importance of dietary patterns regarding the intake of fruits, vegetables, and xanthophylls remains unclear.ObjectiveThe aim was to determine the composition of xanthophylls in the human milk of Japanese mothers and explore associations of xanthophylls with dietary and sociodemographic factors.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in the early phase of the Japanese Human Milk Study. Xanthophyll content was measured using liquid chromatography at 30-36 d postpartum. Maternal intake of foods, nutrients, and dietary supplements was estimated using a food-frequency questionnaire. Linear regression models were established using xanthophylls, maternal diet, and sociodemographic factors.ResultsXanthophyll concentrations were measured in human milk from 118 mothers. The xanthophyll concentration varied among individuals. The median (IQR) concentrations of lutein, zeaxanthin, and β-cryptoxanthin were 65.6 ng/mL (51.6-103.4 ng/mL), 18.6 ng/mL (12.9-25.8 ng/mL), and 15.6 ng/mL (9.0-26.0 ng/mL), respectively. In multivariate models, the lutein concentration was associated independently with dietary green vegetables, exclusive breastfeeding, and education (r 2 = 0.153 for the model; β ± SE: 0.468 ± 0.198, 25.048 ± 10.222, and 13.460 ± 6.774; standardized β = 0.210, 0.217, and 0.175; P = 0.019, 0.016, and 0.049 for dietary green vegetables, exclusive breastfeeding, and education, respectively). For zeaxanthin, exclusive breastfeeding was the most appropriate predictor (r 2 = 0.085; β ± SE: 7.811 ± 3.300; standardized β = 0.218; P = 0.020). The highest predictive power for human milk β-cryptoxanthin was obtained with dietary β-cryptoxanthin (r 2 = 0.258; β ± SE: 0.089 ± 0.015; standardized β = 0.468; P < 0.001), attributed to maternal citrus intake.Conclusionsβ-Cryptoxanthin in human milk was the xanthophyll most influenced by the maternal diet in Japanese women. The β-cryptoxanthin concentration in human milk was reflected by the maternal β-cryptoxanthin intake, mainly attributed to Japanese citrus consumption. This trial was registered in the Japanese Clinical Trials Registry (https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000017649) as UMIN000015494.

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Project description:Background & aimsWe evaluated the efficacy and safety of diet-modulated autologous fecal microbiota transplantation (aFMT) for treatment of weight regain after the weight-loss phase.MethodsIn the DIRECT PLUS (Dietary Intervention Randomized Controlled Trial Polyphenols-Unprocessed) weight-loss trial (May 2017 through July 2018), abdominally obese or dyslipidemic participants in Israel were randomly assigned to healthy dietary guidelines, Mediterranean diet, and green-Mediterranean diet weight-loss groups. All groups received free gym membership and physical activity guidelines. Both isocaloric Mediterranean groups consumed 28 g/d walnuts (+440 mg/d polyphenols provided). The green-Mediterranean dieters also consumed green tea (3-4 cups/d) and a Wolffia globosa (Mankai strain, 100 g/d) green shake (+800 mg/d polyphenols provided). After 6 months (weight-loss phase), 90 eligible participants (mean age, 52 years; mean weight loss, 8.3 kg) provided a fecal sample that was processed into aFMT by frozen, opaque, and odorless capsules. The participants were then randomly assigned to groups that received 100 capsules containing their own fecal microbiota or placebo until month 14. The primary outcome was regain of the lost weight over the expected weight-regain phase (months 6-14). Secondary outcomes were gastrointestinal symptoms, waist circumference, glycemic status, and changes in the gut microbiome, as measured by metagenomic sequencing and 16s ribosomal RNA. We validated the results in a parallel in vivo study of mice specifically fed with Mankai compared with control chow diet.ResultsOf the 90 participants in the aFMT trial, 96% ingested at least 80 of 100 oral aFMT or placebo frozen capsules during the transplantation period. No aFMT-related adverse events or symptoms were observed. For the primary outcome, although no significant differences in weight regain were observed among the participants in the different lifestyle interventions during months 6-14 (aFMT, 30.4% vs placebo, 40.6%; P = .28), aFMT significantly attenuated weight regain in the green-Mediterranean group (aFMT, 17.1%, vs placebo, 50%; P = .02), but not in the dietary guidelines (P = .57) or Mediterranean diet (P = .64) groups (P for the interaction = .03). Accordingly, aFMT attenuated waist circumference gain (aFMT, 1.89 cm vs placebo, 5.05 cm; P = .01) and insulin rebound (aFMT, -1.46 ± 3.6 μIU/mL vs placebo, 1.64 ± 4.7 μIU/mL; P = .04) in the green-Mediterranean group but not in the dietary guidelines or Mediterranean diet (P for the interaction = .04 and .03, respectively). The green-Mediterranean diet was the only intervention to induce a significant change in microbiome composition during the weight-loss phase, and to prompt preservation of weight-loss-associated specific bacteria and microbial metabolic pathways (mainly microbial sugar transport) after the aFMT. In mice, Mankai-modulated aFMT in the weight-loss phase compared with control diet aFMT, significantly prevented weight regain and resulted in better glucose tolerance during a high-fat diet-induced regain phase (all, P < .05).ConclusionsAutologous FMT, collected during the weight-loss phase and administrated in the regain phase, might preserve weight loss and glycemic control, and is associated with specific microbiome signatures. A high-polyphenols, green plant-based or Mankai diet better optimizes the microbiome for an aFMT procedure. ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03020186.

Dataset Information

The Human Milk Microbiota is Modulated by Maternal Diet.

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The Human Milk Microbiota is Modulated by Maternal Diet.

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