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Different transcriptional response between susceptible and resistant common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fish hints on the mechanism of CyHV-3 disease resistance.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Infectious disease outbreaks form major setbacks to aquaculture production and to further development of this important sector. Cyprinid herpes virus-3 (CyHV-3) is a dsDNA virus widely hampering production of common carp (Cyprinus carpio), one of the most farmed fish species worldwide. Genetically disease resistant strains are highly sought after as a sustainable solution to this problem. To study the genetic basis and cellular pathways underlying disease resistance, RNA-Seq was used to characterize transcriptional responses of susceptible and resistant fish at day 4 after CyHV-3 infection. RESULTS:In susceptible fish, over four times more differentially expressed genes were up-regulated between day 0 and 4 compared to resistant fish. Susceptible and resistant fish responded distinctively to infection as only 55 (9%) of the up-regulated genes were shared by these two fish types. Susceptible fish elicited a typical anti-viral response, involving interferon and interferon responsive genes, earlier than resistant fish did. Furthermore, chemokine profiles indicated that the two fish types elicited different cellular immunity responses. A comparative phylogenetic approach assisted in chemokine copies annotation pointing to different orthologous copies common to bony-fishes and even carp-specific paralogs that were differentially regulated and contributed to the different response of these two fish types. Susceptible fish up-regulated more ccl19 chemokines, which attract T-cells and macrophages, the anti-viral role of which is established, whereas resistant fish up-regulated more cxcl8/il8 chemokines, which attract neutrophils, the antiviral role of which is unfamiliar. CONCLUSIONS:Taken together, by pointing out transcriptional differences between susceptible and resistant fish in response to CyHV-3 infection, this study unraveled possible genes and pathways that take part in disease resistance mechanisms in fish and thus, enhances our understanding of fish immunogenetics and supports the development of sustainable and safe aquaculture.

SUBMITTER: Tadmor-Levi R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6933926 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Different transcriptional response between susceptible and resistant common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fish hints on the mechanism of CyHV-3 disease resistance.

Tadmor-Levi Roni R Doron-Faigenboim Adi A Marcos-Hadad Evgeniya E Petit Jules J Hulata Gideon G Forlenza Maria M Wiegertjes Geert F GF David Lior L

BMC genomics 20191226 1

<h4>Background</h4>Infectious disease outbreaks form major setbacks to aquaculture production and to further development of this important sector. Cyprinid herpes virus-3 (CyHV-3) is a dsDNA virus widely hampering production of common carp (Cyprinus carpio), one of the most farmed fish species worldwide. Genetically disease resistant strains are highly sought after as a sustainable solution to this problem. To study the genetic basis and cellular pathways underlying disease resistance, RNA-Seq w ...[more]

PMID: 31878870

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Project description:Properly regulated transcriptional responses to environmental perturbations are critical for the fitness of fish. Although gene expression profiles in the tissues of common carp upon cold stress were previously characterized, the transcriptional programs underlying cold acclimation are still not well known. In this study, the ability of three common carp strains including Hebao red carp (HB), Songpu mirror carp (SPM) and Yellow river carp (YR) to establish cold resistance after acclimation to a mild hypothermia stress at 18°C for 24 h was confirmed by measurements of the critical thermal minimums (CTMin). The gene expression profiles of the brain and the heart from these strains under both control and cold-acclimated conditions were characterized with RNA-sequencing. The data of the three common carp strains with different genetic background were combined in the differential gene expression analyses to balance the effects of genetic diversity on gene expression. Marked effects of tissue origins on the cold-induced transcriptional responses were revealed by comparing the differentially expressed gene (DEG) lists of the two tissues. Functional categories including spliceosome and RNA splicing were highly enriched in the DEGs of both tissues. However, steroid biosynthesis was specifically enriched in DEGs of the brain and response to unfolded protein was solely enriched in DEGs of the heart. Consistent with the up-regulation of the genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis, total cholesterol content of the brain was significantly increased upon cold stress. Moreover, cold-induced alternative splicing (AS) events were explored and AS of the rbmx (RNA-binding motif protein, X chromosome) gene was confirmed by real-time quantitative PCR. Finally, a core set of cold responsive genes (CRGs) were defined by comparative transcriptomic analyses. Our data provide insights into the transcriptional programs underlying cold acclimation of common carp and offer valuable clues for further investigating the genetic determinants for cold resistance of farmed fish.

Dataset Information

Different transcriptional response between susceptible and resistant common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fish hints on the mechanism of CyHV-3 disease resistance.

Publications

Different transcriptional response between susceptible and resistant common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fish hints on the mechanism of CyHV-3 disease resistance.

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