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Education level and risk of postpartum depression: results from the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS).

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Lower socioeconomic status is often thought to be associated with an elevated risk of postpartum depression; however, this relationship exhibits noticeable heterogeneity between studies. The present study examined this relationship in Japan. METHODS:Data were obtained from 90,194 mothers in an ongoing birth cohort of the Japan Environment and Children's Study. Socioeconomic status was assessed based on the mothers' highest education level during pregnancy. Postpartum depression was identified at 1 and 6?months postpartum based on an Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score of ?9, and analyses were also performed based on the sub-scores for anxiety, depression, and anhedonia symptoms. Logistic and generalized linear regression model analyses were used to calculate odds ratios for postpartum depression according to education level with the highest education group (?16?years of education) defined as the reference group, while controlling for covariates in a stepwise fashion. RESULTS:Univariate analysis revealed that a lower education level was associated with a higher prevalence of postpartum depression and related symptoms. Although these relationships weakened in the fully adjusted models, odds ratios for cases and related symptoms remained significant at 1 and 6?months postpartum. Among three symptom dimensions, the relationship was strongest and weakest in the depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. CONCLUSIONS:A lower education level was an independent risk factor for postpartum depression. In view of the low mobility of the education level, this finding suggests the potential importance of collecting information regarding education levels at the earliest opportunity.

SUBMITTER: Matsumura K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6935197 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Education level and risk of postpartum depression: results from the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS).

Matsumura Kenta K Hamazaki Kei K Tsuchida Akiko A Kasamatsu Haruka H Inadera Hidekuni H

BMC psychiatry 20191227 1

<h4>Background</h4>Lower socioeconomic status is often thought to be associated with an elevated risk of postpartum depression; however, this relationship exhibits noticeable heterogeneity between studies. The present study examined this relationship in Japan.<h4>Methods</h4>Data were obtained from 90,194 mothers in an ongoing birth cohort of the Japan Environment and Children's Study. Socioeconomic status was assessed based on the mothers' highest education level during pregnancy. Postpartum de ...[more]

PMID: 31882000

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Project description:BackgroundTo our knowledge, the association of maternal exposure to metallic elements with weight trajectory pattern from the neonatal period has not been investigated.ObjectivesThe goals of this study were to identify infant growth trajectories in weight in the first 3 y of life and to determine the associations of maternal blood levels of lead, cadmium, mercury, selenium, and manganese with growth trajectory.MethodsThis longitudinal study, part of the Japan Environment and Children Study, enrolled 103,099 pregnant women at 15 Regional Centres across Japan between 2011 and 2014. Lead, cadmium, mercury, selenium, and manganese levels were measured in blood samples collected in the second (14-27 wk gestational age) or third trimester (≥28wk). Growth trajectory of 99,014 children was followed until age 3 y. Raw weight values were transformed to age- and sex-specific weight standard deviation (SD) scores, and latent-class group-based trajectory models were estimated to determine weight trajectories. Associations between maternal metallic element levels and weight trajectory were examined using multinomial logistic regression models after confounder adjustment.ResultsWe identified 5 trajectory patterns based on weight SD score: 4.74% of infants were classified in Group I, very small to small; 31.26% in Group II, moderately small; 21.91% in Group III, moderately small to moderately large; 28.06% in Group IV, moderately large to normal; and 14.03% in Group V, moderately large to large. On multinomial logistic regression, higher maternal lead and selenium levels tended to be associated with increased odds ratios (ORs) of poor weight SD score trajectories (Groups I and II), in comparison with Group III. Higher levels of mercury were associated with decreased ORs, whereas higher levels of manganese were associated with increased ORs of "moderately large" trajectories (Groups IV and V).DiscussionMaternal lead, mercury, selenium, and manganese blood levels affect infant growth trajectory pattern in the first 3 y of life. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10321.

Dataset Information

Education level and risk of postpartum depression: results from the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS).

Publications

Education level and risk of postpartum depression: results from the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS).

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