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Antimicrobial resistant enteric bacteria are widely distributed amongst people, animals and the environment in Tanzania.

ABSTRACT: Antibiotic use and bacterial transmission are responsible for the emergence, spread and persistence of antimicrobial-resistant (AR) bacteria, but their relative contribution likely differs across varying socio-economic, cultural, and ecological contexts. To better understand this interaction in a multi-cultural and resource-limited context, we examine the distribution of antimicrobial-resistant enteric bacteria from three ethnic groups in Tanzania. Household-level data (n?=?425) was collected and bacteria isolated from people, livestock, dogs, wildlife and water sources (n?=?62,376 isolates). The relative prevalence of different resistance phenotypes is similar across all sources. Multi-locus tandem repeat analysis (n?=?719) and whole-genome sequencing (n?=?816) of Escherichia coli demonstrate no evidence for host-population subdivision. Multivariate models show no evidence that veterinary antibiotic use increased the odds of detecting AR bacteria, whereas there is a strong association with livelihood factors related to bacterial transmission, demonstrating that to be effective, interventions need to accommodate different cultural practices and resource limitations.

SUBMITTER: Subbiah M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6957491 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Antimicrobial resistant enteric bacteria are widely distributed amongst people, animals and the environment in Tanzania.

Subbiah Murugan M Caudell Mark A MA Mair Colette C Davis Margaret A MA Matthews Louise L Quinlan Robert J RJ Quinlan Marsha B MB Lyimo Beatus B Buza Joram J Keyyu Julius J Call Douglas R DR

Nature communications 20200113 1

Antibiotic use and bacterial transmission are responsible for the emergence, spread and persistence of antimicrobial-resistant (AR) bacteria, but their relative contribution likely differs across varying socio-economic, cultural, and ecological contexts. To better understand this interaction in a multi-cultural and resource-limited context, we examine the distribution of antimicrobial-resistant enteric bacteria from three ethnic groups in Tanzania. Household-level data (n = 425) was collected an ...[more]

PMID: 31932601

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Project description:BackgroundWild birds using livestock facilities for food and shelter may contribute to dissemination of enteric pathogens or antimicrobial resistant bacteria. However, drivers of microbial exchange among wildlife and livestock are not well characterized. Predisposition for acquiring and retaining environmental bacteria may vary among species because of physiologic or behavioral differences, complicating selection of a bacterial model that can accurately characterize microbial connections among hosts of interest. This study compares the prevalence and antibiotic resistance phenotypes of two potential model bacterial organisms isolated from wild birds and their environments.MethodsWe compared prevalence and resistance profiles of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus species isolated from environmental swabs and bird feces on a residential control site, a confinement dairy, a pasture-based beef farm, and a confinement beef farm.ResultsBird feces at all sites had low-to-moderate prevalence of Escherichia coli (range: 17-47%), despite potential for exposure on farms (range: 63-97%). Few Escherichia coli were isolated from the control environment. Enterococcus faecalis was dominant in birds at both beef farms (62% and 81% of Enterococcus isolates) and low-to-moderately prevalent at the dairy and control sites (29% and 23% of isolates, respectively). Antimicrobial resistance prevalence was higher in farm samples compared to those from the residential control, but distribution of resistant isolates varied between the bacterial genera. Birds on all farms carried resistant Enterococcus at similar rates to that of the environment, but resistance was less common in bird-associated Escherichia coli despite presence of resistant isolates in the farm environment.DiscussionBacterial species studied may affect how readily bacterial exchange among populations is detected. Selection of microbial models must carefully consider both the questions being posed and how findings might influence resulting management decisions.

Dataset Information

Antimicrobial resistant enteric bacteria are widely distributed amongst people, animals and the environment in Tanzania.

Publications

Antimicrobial resistant enteric bacteria are widely distributed amongst people, animals and the environment in Tanzania.

Similar Datasets

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