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Dunaliella salina Attenuates Diabetic Neuropathy Induced by STZ in Rats: Involvement of Thioredoxin.

ABSTRACT: Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a widespread disabling disorder including peripheral nerves' damage. The aim of the current study was to estimate the potential ameliorative effect of Dunaliella salina (D. salina) on DN and the involvement of the thioredoxin. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ; 50?mg/kg; i.p). Glimepiride (0.5?mg/kg) or D. salina powder (100 or 200?mg/kg) were given orally, after 2 days of STZ injection for 4 weeks. Glucose, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) serum levels as well as brain contents of thioredoxin (Trx), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured with the histopathological study. STZ-induced DN resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) rise in glucose blood level and brain contents of TNF-? and IL-6 and produced a reduction in serum TAC, SOD, CAT, and brain Trx levels with irregular islets of Langerhans cells and loss of brain Purkinje cells. Treatment with glimepiride or both doses of D. salina alleviated these biochemical and histological parameters as compared to the STZ group. D. salina has a neurotherapeutic effect against DN via its inhibitory effect on inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress molecules with its upregulation of Trx activity.

SUBMITTER: El-Baz FK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6970482 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Dunaliella salina Attenuates Diabetic Neuropathy Induced by STZ in Rats: Involvement of Thioredoxin.

El-Baz Farouk K FK Salama Abeer A Salama Rania A A RAA

BioMed research international 20200102

Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a widespread disabling disorder including peripheral nerves' damage. The aim of the current study was to estimate the potential ameliorative effect of Dunaliella salina (D. salina) on DN and the involvement of the thioredoxin. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ; 50 mg/kg; i.p). Glimepiride (0.5 mg/kg) or D. salina powder (100 or 200 mg/kg) were given orally, after 2 days of STZ injection for 4 weeks. Glucose, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), su ...[more]

PMID: 31998774

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Project description:Diabetes in the elderly increases cognitive impairment, but the underlying mechanisms are still far from fully understood. A non-targeted metabolomics approach based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was performed to screen out the serum biomarkers of diabetic mild cognitive impairment (DMMCI) in rats. Total 48 SD rats were divided into three groups, Normal control (NC) group, high-fat diet (HFD) fed group and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) group. The T2DM rat model was induced by intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (STZ, 35 mg/kg) after 6 weeks of high-fat diet (HFD) feeding. Then each group was further divided into 4-week and 8-week subgroups, which were calculated from the time point of T2DM rat model establishment. The novel object recognition test (NORT) and the Morris water maze (MWM) method were used to evaluate the cognitive deficits in all groups. Compared to the NC-8w and HFD-8w groups, both NOR and MWM tests indicated significant cognitive dysfunction in the T2DM-8w group, which could be used as an animal model of DMMCI. Serum was ultimately collected from the inferior vena cava after laparotomy. Metabolic profiling analysis was conducted using ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) technology. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to verify the stability of the model. According to variable importance in the project (VIP > 1) and the p-value of t-test (P < 0.05) obtained by the OPLS-DA model, the metabolites with significant differences were screened out as potential biomarkers. In total, we identified 94 differentially expressed (44 up-regulated and 50 down-regulated) endogenous metabolites. The 10 top up-regulated and 10 top down-regulated potential biomarkers were screened according to the FDR significance. These biomarkers by pathway topology analysis were primarily involved in the metabolism of sphingolipid (SP) metabolism, tryptophan (Trp) metabolism, Glycerophospholipid (GP) metabolism, etc. Besides, SP metabolism, Trp metabolism and GP metabolism mainly belonging to the lipid metabolism showed marked perturbations over DMMCI and may contribute to the development of disease. Taken collectively, our results revealed that T2DM could cause cognitive impairment by affecting a variety of metabolic pathways especially lipid metabolism. Besides, serum PE, PC, L-Trp, and S1P may be used as the most critical biomarkers for the early diagnosis of DMMCI.

Dataset Information

Dunaliella salina Attenuates Diabetic Neuropathy Induced by STZ in Rats: Involvement of Thioredoxin.

Publications

<i>Dunaliella salina</i> Attenuates Diabetic Neuropathy Induced by STZ in Rats: Involvement of Thioredoxin.

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