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Cryptochromes integrate green light signals into the circadian system.

ABSTRACT: Plants are acutely sensitive of their light environment, adapting their growth habit and prioritizing developmental decisions to maximize fecundity. In addition to providing an energy source and directional information, light quality also contributes to entrainment of the circadian system, an endogenous timing mechanism that integrates endogenous and environmental signalling cues to promote growth. Whereas plants' perception of red and blue portions of the spectrum are well defined, green light sensitivity remains enigmatic. In this study, we show that low fluence rates of green light are sufficient to entrain and maintain circadian rhythms in Arabidopsis and that cryptochromes contribute to this response. Importantly, green light responses are distinguishable from low blue light-induced phenotypes. These data suggest a distinct signalling mechanism enables entrainment of the circadian system in green light-enriched environments, such as those found in undergrowth and in densely planted monoculture.

SUBMITTER: Battle MW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6973147 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cryptochromes integrate green light signals into the circadian system.

Battle Martin William MW Jones Matthew Alan MA

Plant, cell & environment 20190827 1

Plants are acutely sensitive of their light environment, adapting their growth habit and prioritizing developmental decisions to maximize fecundity. In addition to providing an energy source and directional information, light quality also contributes to entrainment of the circadian system, an endogenous timing mechanism that integrates endogenous and environmental signalling cues to promote growth. Whereas plants' perception of red and blue portions of the spectrum are well defined, green light ...[more]

PMID: 31410859

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Cyanobacteria are an attractive candidate for the production of biofuel because of their ability to capture carbon dioxide by photosynthesis and grow on non-arable land. However, because huge quantities of water are required for cultivation, strict water management is one of the greatest issues in algae- and cyanobacteria-based biofuel production. In this study, we aim to construct a lytic cyanobacterium that can be regulated by a physical signal (green-light illumination) for future use in the recovery of biofuel related compounds. RESULTS:We introduced T4 bacteriophage-derived lysis genes encoding holin and endolysin under the control of the green-light regulated cpcG2 promoter in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. When cells harboring the lysis genes were illuminated with both red and green light, we observed a considerable decrease in growth rate, a significant increase in cellular phycocyanin released in the medium, and a considerable fraction of dead cells. These effects were not observed when these cells were illuminated with only red light, or when cells not containing the lysis genes were grown under either red light or red and green light. These results indicate that our constructed green-light inducible lytic system was clearly induced by green-light illumination, resulting in lytic cells that released intracellular phycocyanin into the culture supernatant. This property suggests a future possibility to construct photosynthetic genetically modified organisms that are unable to survive under sunlight exposure. Expression of the self-lysis system with green-light illumination was also found to greatly increase the fragility of the cell membrane, as determined by subjecting the induced cells to detergent, osmotic-shock, and freeze-thaw treatments. CONCLUSIONS:A green-light inducible lytic system was constructed in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. The engineered lytic cyanobacterial cells should be beneficial for the recovery of biofuels and related compounds from cells with minimal effort and energy, due to the fragile nature of the induced cells. Furthermore, the use of light-sensing two-component systems to regulate the expression of exogenous genes in cyanobacteria promises to replace conventional chemical inducers in many bioprocess applications, impacting the limiting water management issues.

Dataset Information

Cryptochromes integrate green light signals into the circadian system.

Publications

Cryptochromes integrate green light signals into the circadian system.

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