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Kestose supplementation exerts bifidogenic effect within fecal microbiota and increases fecal butyrate concentration in dogs.

ABSTRACT: Kestose, a fructooligosaccharide (FOS) with one fructose monomer linked to sucrose, is a key component of the prebiotic activity of FOS. This study aimed to evaluate the prebiotic potential of Kestose in terms of the impact on population change in the intestinal microbiota and fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentration in dogs. Kestose 2 g per dog was administered daily with conventional diet to 6 healthy, adult beagle dogs for 8 weeks followed by 4 weeks of follow-up period without Kestose supplementation. Fresh fecal samples were obtained before and every 4 weeks until the end of the follow-up period. Genomic DNA extracted from the fecal samples was subjected to 16S rRNA gene analysis using next generation sequencer and to quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Fecal acetate, propionate, butyrate, lactate and ethanol concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. 16S rRNA gene analysis and qPCR showed increasing trend of genus Bifidobacterium after Kestose supplementation while genera Bacteroides and Sutterella decreased. Clostridium perfringens decreased below the detection limit within first 4 weeks after starting Kestose supplementation. Fecal butyrate concentration was significantly increased at week 8 and returned to the base level after 4 weeks of the washing period. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to reveal effect of Kestose on the populational changes in fecal microbiota and fecal butyrate concentration in dogs.

SUBMITTER: Ide K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6983673 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Kestose supplementation exerts bifidogenic effect within fecal microbiota and increases fecal butyrate concentration in dogs.

Ide Kaori K Shinohara Mikako M Yamagishi Shohei S Endo Akihito A Nishifuji Koji K Tochio Takumi T

The Journal of veterinary medical science 20191125 1

Kestose, a fructooligosaccharide (FOS) with one fructose monomer linked to sucrose, is a key component of the prebiotic activity of FOS. This study aimed to evaluate the prebiotic potential of Kestose in terms of the impact on population change in the intestinal microbiota and fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentration in dogs. Kestose 2 g per dog was administered daily with conventional diet to 6 healthy, adult beagle dogs for 8 weeks followed by 4 weeks of follow-up period without Kesto ...[more]

PMID: 31761826

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Project description:Two studies were conducted to investigate the effect of live yeast (LY) on the in vitro fermentation characteristics of wheat, barley, corn, soybean meal (SBM), canola meal, and distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS). In Study 1, LY yeast was added directly to in vitro fermentations inoculated with feces from lactating sows, whereas as in study 2, feces collected from lactating sows fed LY as a daily supplement was used. Selected feedstuffs were digested and the residue added to separate replicated (n = 3) fermentation reactions. Study 1 was conducted in two blocks, whereas study 2 was conducted using feces collected after a period of 3 (Exp. 1) or 4 wk (Exp. 2) of LY supplementation. Accumulated gas produced over 72 h was modeled for each substrate and the kinetics parameters compared between LY and control groups. The molar ratio of the volatile fatty acids (VFAs) produced in vitro were also compared at 12 and 72 h of incubation. In study 1, in vitro addition of yeast increased (P < 0.001) the rate of gas production (Rmax). However, a yeast × substrate effect (P < 0.05) observed for total gas accumulated (A), time to half asymptote (B), and time required to reach maximum rate of fermentation (Tmax) suggested that yeast-mediated increases in extent and rate of fermentation varied by substrate. Greater total gas production was observed only for corn and SBM, associated with greater B and Tmax. Supplementation with LY appeared to increase A and Rmax although with variation between experiments and substrates. In Exp. 1, LY decreased (P < 0.05) B and Tmax. However, a yeast × substrate effect (P < 0.05) was observed for only A (for wheat, barley, corn, and corn DDGS) and Rmax (wheat, barley, corn, and wheat DDGS). In Exp. 2, LY increased (P < 0.0001) A and decreased B. However, an interaction (P < 0.05) with substrates was observed for Rmax (except SBM) and Tmax. With exception of the DDGS samples, LY supplementation increased (P < 0.05) VFA production at 12 and 72 h of incubation. Yeast increased (P < 0.05) the molar ratios of acetic acid and branch-chain fatty acids at 12 h of incubation; however, this response was more variable by substrate at 72 h. In conclusion, LY supplementation increased the rate and extent of in vitro fermentation of a variety of substrates prepared from common feedstuffs. Greater effects were observed when LY was fed to sows than added directly in vitro, suggesting effects on fermentation were not mediated directly.

Dataset Information

Kestose supplementation exerts bifidogenic effect within fecal microbiota and increases fecal butyrate concentration in dogs.

Publications

Kestose supplementation exerts bifidogenic effect within fecal microbiota and increases fecal butyrate concentration in dogs.

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