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Estimating nationwide cases of sexually transmitted diseases in 2015 from sentinel surveillance data in Japan.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:The rates of newly diagnosed cases of sexually transmitted diseases, including genital chlamydial infection and gonorrhea, are important for prevention and control of these diseases. However, nationwide rates are not reported in Japan. METHODS:We used the number of cases of sexually transmitted diseases reported by nationwide sentinel surveillance in 2015, together with the number of all disease outpatients in September 2014 at all medical institutions, drawn from the Survey of Medical Institutions of Japan. The number of cases of sexually transmitted diseases in the total population was estimated using the ratio estimation method with the number of all disease outpatients as auxiliary information. This method is currently used for estimating influenza cases from sentinel surveillance data in Japan. RESULTS:The estimated number of newly diagnosed cases per 100,000 population in 2015 in Japan was 244 (95% confidence interval 211-277) for genital chlamydial infection, 87 (95% confidence interval 74-100) for genital herpes, 61 (95% confidence interval 29-93) for condyloma acuminatum, and 89 (95% confidence interval 64-113) for gonorrhea. CONCLUSION:We estimated the nationwide number of newly diagnosed cases of sexually transmitted diseases in Japan from sentinel surveillance data. This provides useful information for public health policy-making.

SUBMITTER: Kawado M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6986098 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Piloting Electronic Case Reporting for Improved Surveillance of Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Utah.

Project description:Objectives:The Utah Department of Health (UDOH) developed an electronic case reporting (eCR) process to automatically transfer clinical data from a provider to the state health department, with aims of improving sexually transmitted disease (STD) surveillance data quality, decreasing the time spent on STD case investigations, and expanding the process to other diseases and larger healthcare systems. Methods:Reportable Conditions Trigger Codes (RCTC) were placed into the electronic health record (EHR) system at Planned Parenthood Association of Utah (PPAU) to trigger the automatic transfer of clinical data to Utah's public health surveillance system. Received data were de-duplicated, processed, and assigned directly to the public health surveillance system, with minimal manual intervention. Results:Eighteen new data elements, important for STD case investigations, were transferred to cases with eCR. Additionally, the clinical time spent transmitting data was vastly reduced. With the new eCR process more complete and timely data is received by public health. Providers, as well as public health, now spend less time manually transmitting clinical data by fax and/or phone. Discussion:Automated processes are challenging but can be achieved with a robust disease surveillance system, flexible rules engine, skillful programming, on-going analysis, and successful partnerships. The eCR process created for this project can potentially be useful for other conditions outside of STDs. Conclusion:Results of this demonstration project offer an opportunity for readers to learn about eCR and apply lessons learned to improve their existing eCR systems, or future public health informatics initiatives, at any state-level jurisdiction.

| S-EPMC6788887 | biostudies-literature

Number of sentinel medical institutions needed for estimating prefectural incidence in influenza surveillance in Japan.

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| S-EPMC4000765 | biostudies-literature

PATTERN OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES IN THE ARMED FORCES.

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Project description:Melanie Taylor and colleagues discuss global initiatives for surveillance of sexually transmitted diseases.

| S-EPMC5486957 | biostudies-literature

DNA Microarray Characterization of Pathogens Associated with Sexually Transmitted Diseases.

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| S-EPMC4514671 | biostudies-literature

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Project description:BackgroundLongitudinal studies have consistently found a significant association between bacterial vaginosis (BV) and acquisition of sexually transmitted diseases. However, there are limited prospective data to confirm these findings.MethodsWe conducted a prospective, randomized, open-label trial of home screening and treatment of young women with asymptomatic BV who were also at high risk for sexually transmitted diseases. These women were screened every 2 months for 12 months and randomized to treatment with oral metronidazole 500 mg twice daily for 7 days or observation alone. The primary outcome was the incidence of gonorrhea and/or chlamydia.ResultsA total of 1365 subjects were enrolled in the study across 10 sites. Adherence with mailing specimens obtained at home was excellent in both groups (84%-88%). The incidence of gonorrhea and/or chlamydia was 19.1 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval, 15.1-22.1) for the treatment group and 18.5 per 100 person-years (15.1-22.8) for the observation arm, a difference that was not statistically significant.ConclusionsYoung women were very amenable to home screening for BV, gonorrhea, and chlamydia. Treatment of asymptomatic BV with 1 week of oral metronidazole did not decrease the incidence of gonorrhea and/or chlamydia.Clinical trials registrationNCT00667368.

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Influence of network dynamics on the spread of sexually transmitted diseases.

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