Dataset Information

Female Body Dissatisfaction and Attentional Bias to Body Images Evaluated Using Visual Search.

ABSTRACT: One factor, believed to predict body dissatisfaction is an individual's propensity to attend to certain classes of human body image stimuli relative to other classes. These attentional biases have been evaluated using a range of paradigms, including dot-probe, eye-tracking and free view visual search, which have yielded a range of - often contradictory - findings. This study is the first to employ a classic compound visual search task to investigate the relationship between body dissatisfaction and attentional biases to images of underweight and with-overweight female bodies. Seventy-one undergraduate females, varying their degree of body dissatisfaction and Body Mass Index (BMI), searched for a horizontal or vertical target line among tilted lines. A separate female body image was presented within close proximity to each line. On average, faster search times were obtained when the target line was paired with a uniquely underweight or with-overweight body relative to neutral (average weight only) trials indicating that body weight-related images can effectively guide search. This congruent search effect was stronger for individuals with high eating restraint (a behavioral manifestation of body image disturbance) when search involved a uniquely underweight body. By contrast, individuals with high BMIs searched for lines more rapidly when paired with with-overweight rather than underweight bodies, than did individuals with lower BMIs. For incongruent trials - in which a unique body was paired with a distractor rather than the target - search times were indistinguishable from neutral trials, indicating that the deviant bodies neither compulsorily "captured" attention nor reduced participants' ability to disengage their attention from either underweight or with-overweight bodies. These results imply the existence of attentional strategies which reflect one's current body and goal-directed eating behaviors.

SUBMITTER: Cass J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6987376 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Female Body Dissatisfaction and Attentional Bias to Body Images Evaluated Using Visual Search.

Cass John J Giltrap Georgina G Talbot Daniel D

Frontiers in psychology 20200122

One factor, believed to predict body dissatisfaction is an individual's propensity to attend to certain classes of human body image stimuli relative to other classes. These attentional biases have been evaluated using a range of paradigms, including dot-probe, eye-tracking and free view visual search, which have yielded a range of - often contradictory - findings. This study is the first to employ a classic compound visual search task to investigate the relationship between body dissatisfaction ...[more]

PMID: 32038346

Similar Datasets

Project description:Mathematical model observers are intended for efficient assessment of diagnostic image quality, but model-observer studies often are not representative of clinical realities. Model observers based on a visual-search (VS) paradigm may allow for greater clinical relevance. The author has compared the performances of several VS model observers with those of human observers and an existing scanning model observer for a study involving nodule detection and localization in simulated Tc-99m single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) lung volumes.A localization receiver operating characteristic (LROC) study compared two iterative SPECT reconstruction strategies: an all-corrections (AllC) strategy with compensations for attenuation, scatter, and distance-dependent camera resolution and an "RC" strategy with resolution compensation only. Nodules in the simulation phantom were of three different relative contrasts. Observers in the study had access to the coronal, sagittal, and transverse displays of the reconstructed volumes. Three human observers each read 50 training volumes and 100 test volumes per reconstruction strategy. The same images were analyzed by a channelized nonprewhitening (CNPW) scanning observer and two VS observers. The VS observers implemented holistic search processes that identified focal points of Tc-99m uptake for subsequent analysis by the CNPW scanning model. The level of prior knowledge about the background structure in the images was a study variable for the model observers. Performance was scored by area under the LROC curve.The average human-observer performances were respectively 0.67 ± 0.04 and 0.61 ± 0.03 for the RC and AllC strategies. Given approximate knowledge about the background structure, both VS models scored 0.69 ± 0.08 (RC) and 0.66 ± 0.08 (AllC). The scanning observer reversed the strategy ranking in scoring 0.73 ± 0.08 with the AllC strategy and 0.64 ± 0.08 with the RC strategy. The VS observers exhibited less sensitivity to variations in background knowledge compared to the scanning observer.The VS framework has the potential to increase the clinical similitude of model-observer studies and to enhance the ability of existing model observers to quantitatively predict human-observer performance.

Dataset Information

Female Body Dissatisfaction and Attentional Bias to Body Images Evaluated Using Visual Search.

Publications

Female Body Dissatisfaction and Attentional Bias to Body Images Evaluated Using Visual Search.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets