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Criterion validity of the Ekblom-Bak and the Astrand submaximal test in an elderly population.

ABSTRACT: PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to validate the submaximal Ekblom-Bak test (EB-test) and the Åstrand test (Å-test) for an elderly population. METHODS:Participants (n?=?104), aged 65-75 years, completed a submaximal aerobic test on a cycle ergometer followed by an individually adjusted indirect calorimetry VO2max test on a treadmill. The HR from the submaximal test was used to estimate VO2max using both the EB-test and Å-test equations. RESULTS:The correlation between measured and estimated VO2max using the EB method and Å method in women was r?=?0.64 and r?=?0.58, respectively and in men r?=?0.44 and r?=?0.44, respectively. In women, the mean difference between estimated and measured VO2max was -?0.02 L min-1 (95% CI -?0.08 to 0.04) for the EB method and -?0.12 L min-1 (95% CI -?0.22 to -?0.02) for the Å method. Corresponding values for men were 0.05 L min-1 (95% CI -?0.04 to 0.14) and -?0.28 L min-1 (95% CI -?0.42 to -?0.14), respectively. However, the EB method was found to overestimate VO2max in men with low fitness and the Å method was found to underestimate VO2max in both women and men. For women, the coefficient of variance was 11.1%, when using the EB method and 19.8% when using the Å method. Corresponding values for men were 11.6% and 18.9%, respectively. CONCLUSION:The submaximal EB-test is valid for estimating VO2max in elderly women, but not in all elderly men. The Å-test is not valid for estimating VO2max in the elderly.

SUBMITTER: Vaisanen D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6989574 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Criterion validity of the Ekblom-Bak and the Åstrand submaximal test in an elderly population.

Väisänen Daniel D Ekblom Örjan Ö Ekblom-Bak Elin E Andersson Eva E Nilsson Jonna J Ekblom Maria M

European journal of applied physiology 20191209 2

<h4>Purpose</h4>The aim of this study was to validate the submaximal Ekblom-Bak test (EB-test) and the Åstrand test (Å-test) for an elderly population.<h4>Methods</h4>Participants (n = 104), aged 65-75 years, completed a submaximal aerobic test on a cycle ergometer followed by an individually adjusted indirect calorimetry VO<sub>2</sub>max test on a treadmill. The HR from the submaximal test was used to estimate VO<sub>2</sub>max using both the EB-test and Å-test equations.<h4>Results</h4>The co ...[more]

PMID: 31820103

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Project description:ObjectiveTo evaluate the convergent validity of the six-minute stepper test (6MST) with the variables used in the diagnosis of sarcopenia (appendicular muscle mass, handgrip strength and six-meter gait speed test), as well as to evaluate test-retest reliability and safety when applied to hospitalized elderly patients. Finally, we aimed to compare the performance in the 6MST between hospitalized elderly patients and healthy elderly from the community.Materials and methodsObservational and cross-sectional study. Elderly patients admitted to a private hospital and healthy elderly from the community were recruited. On the first day, the patients included underwent the following assessments: anthropometric, handgrip strength (HGS), six-meter gait speed test (6GST) and 6MST. On the second day, before breakfast, patients underwent body composition assessment. The healthy elderly were evaluated on a single day and performed only anthropometric assessment and 6MST.Results30 hospitalized patients (age 71.0±7.9 years) and 15 healthy elderly (age 68.1±5.8 years) were included. There was a high correlation of 6MST with 6GST (r = 0.78; p<0.001), moderate correlation with HGS (r = 0.59; p<0.001) and low correlation with appendicular muscle mass (r = 0.45; p = 0.01). There was no statistical difference between the first and second 6MST performed by hospitalized elderly (196.2±91.0 cycles vs. 191.3±103.7 cycles; p = 0.66), in addition to an excellent agreement between these measures (ICC = 0.90; 95% IC 0.78-0.95). Only one adverse event (3.3%) occurred in the sample.Conclusion6MST showed convergent validity with the functional variables used in the diagnosis of sarcopenia. In addition, excellent test-retest reliability was observed, which indicates the need for a single assessment in hospitalized elderly patients. The prevalence of adverse events during the application of the test is low, without resulting in clinical symptoms; therefore, the test is considered safe for this population. In addition, hospitalized elderly patients perform worse in the 6MST compared to healthy elderly from the community.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Prevention of multi-morbidities following non-communicable diseases requires a systematic registration of adverse modifiable risk factors, including low physical fitness. The aim of the study was to establish criterion validity and reliability of a smartphone app (InterWalk) delivered fitness test in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS:Patients with type 2 diabetes (N = 27, mean (SD) age 64.2 (5.9) years, BMI 30.0 (5.1) kg/m2, (30 % male)) completed a 7-min progressive walking protocol twice (with and without encouragement). VO2 during the test was assessed using indirect calorimetry and the acceleration (vector magnitude) from the smartphone was obtained. The vector magnitude was used to predict VO2peak along with the co-variates weight, height and sex. The validity of the algorithm was tested when the smartphone was placed in the right pocket of the pants or jacket. The algorithm was validated using leave-one-out cross validation. Test-retest reliability was tested in a subset of participants (N = 10). RESULTS:The overall VO2peak prediction of the algorithm (R2) was 0.60 and 0.45 when the smartphone was placed in the pockets of the pants and jacket, respectively (p < 0.001). The mean bias (limits of agreement) in the cross validation was-0.4 (38) % (pants) and-0.1 (46) % (jacket). When the smartphone was placed in the jacket a significant intensity dependent bias (r = 0.5, p = 0.02) was observed. The test-retest intraclass correlations were 0.85 and 0.86 (p < 0.001), for the pants and jacket, respectively. No effects of encouragement were observed on test performance. CONCLUSION:In conclusion, the InterWalk Fitness Test is accurate and reliable for persons with type 2 diabetes when the smartphone is placed in the side pocket of the pants for. The test could give a fair estimate of the CRF in absence of a progressive maximal test during standardized conditions with the appropriate equipment. TRIAL REGISTRATION:www.clinicaltrials.org (NCT02089477), first registered (prospectively) on March 14th 2014.

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Criterion validity of the Ekblom-Bak and the Astrand submaximal test in an elderly population.

Publications

Criterion validity of the Ekblom-Bak and the Åstrand submaximal test in an elderly population.

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