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Objective measures of moderate to vigorous physical activity are associated with higher distal limb bone strength among elderly men.

ABSTRACT: Our aim was to determine the association between objectively measured physical activity (PA) and bone strength of the distal limbs among older men. We studied 994 men from the MrOS cohort study (mean age 83.9) who had repeat (Year 7 and 14) 5-day activity assessment with at least 90% wear time (SenseWearPro3 Armband) and Year 14 measures using high resolution peripheral quantitative tomography (HR-pQCT) (Scanco). Total energy expenditure (TEE), total steps per day, peak cadence (mean of top 30 steps/min over 24 h) and time spent in a given level of activity: sedentary (reference, <1.5 metabolic equivalents of task [METs]), light (1.5 to <3 METs), or moderate to vigorous physical activity(MVPA: ?3 METs) were calculated as mean over the two time points. Estimated failure load was determined from HR-pQCT data using finite element analysis. We used standardized variables and adjusted for potential confounders using linear regression. The means ±SDs for daily activity were: 2338 ± 356 kcal/d [TEE]; 5739 ± 2696 steps/day [step count], 60 ± 20 cpm [peak cadence], 67 ± 28 min/d [light activity], and 85 ± 52 min/d [MVPA]. Higher TEE, step count, and peak cadence were each associated with higher failure load of the distal radius (effect sizes respectively: 0.13 [95% CI: 0.05, 0.20], 0.11 [95% CI: 0.04, 0.18], and 0.08 [95% CI: 0.01, 0.15]) and higher failure load of the distal tibia (effect sizes respectively 0.21 [95% CI: 0.13, 0.28], 0.19 [95% CI: 0.13, 0.26], 0.19 [95% CI, 0.13, 0.25]). Time spent in MVPA vs. time sedentary was related to bone strength at both sites after adjustment, whereas time spent in light activity vs. time sedentary was not. TEE was associated with compartmental area and BMD parameters at distal tibia, but only area parameters at the distal radius. In summary, MVPA over a 7-year period of time may have a modest association with bone strength and geometry among older men.

SUBMITTER: Langsetmo L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6993955 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Objective measures of moderate to vigorous physical activity are associated with higher distal limb bone strength among elderly men.

Langsetmo Lisa L Burghardt Andrew J AJ Schousboe John T JT Cawthon Peggy M PM Cauley Jane A JA Lane Nancy E NE Orwoll Eric S ES Ensrud Kristine E KE

Bone 20191220

Our aim was to determine the association between objectively measured physical activity (PA) and bone strength of the distal limbs among older men. We studied 994 men from the MrOS cohort study (mean age 83.9) who had repeat (Year 7 and 14) 5-day activity assessment with at least 90% wear time (SenseWearPro3 Armband) and Year 14 measures using high resolution peripheral quantitative tomography (HR-pQCT) (Scanco). Total energy expenditure (TEE), total steps per day, peak cadence (mean of top 30 s ...[more]

PMID: 31866494

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Little is known about the distribution of activity over the full 24-hour spectrum in late old age and its association with demographic and health factors. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the distribution of physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, and sleep, and associated factors in the elderly population. METHODS:Our study included 1210 participants (51.9% women) aged 70-94 years [mean age 77.5 years, standard deviation (SD) 5.0] from the population-based Rotterdam Study. Participants wore a triaxial accelerometer (GENEActiv) around the wrist for 7 days between July 2014 and June 2016. We examined if PA, sedentary behavior, and sleep differed by age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, alcohol consumption, education, season, functional capacity, marital status, presence of chronic disease, and use of sleep medication. RESULTS:Mean total PA, expressed in milli-gravity (mg) units, was slightly higher for women (20.3, SD 5.6) than for men (19.3, SD 5.2, P < .01). Mean (SD) daily duration spent in sedentary behavior and light and moderate-to-vigorous PA was 13.3 (1.5) h/d, 147.5 (31.5) min/d, and 75.0 (25.5) min/d, respectively, among women; and 13.8 (1.6) h/d, 140.5 (31.1) min/d, and 71.5 (24.5) min/d, respectively, among men. Women spent on average 6.7 (SD 1.1) h/d sleeping and men 6.6 (1.4) h/d. Across increasing categories of age and BMI and in participants with chronic disease and disability, time spent in light and moderate-to-vigorous PA was decreased. Higher age and BMI were associated with more sedentary time. In addition, obese men spent slightly more time sleeping than their normal weight counterparts and women spent slightly less time sleeping in the summer than in spring. CONCLUSIONS:PA and sedentary behavior in the elderly differed by sex, age, BMI, prevalence of chronic disease, and disability, whereas there were no clear patterns for sleep. On average, our participants spent up to 79.5% of their time awake being sedentary and 7%-8% in moderate-to-vigorous PA. Replacing sedentary behavior with light PA would be a good starting point for those with the lowest level of PA. Older adults, those with high BMI and worse health could benefit from targeted interventions to increase PA.

Project description:BackgroundDistal radius fractures are common fractures in older adults and associated with increased risk of future functional decline and hip fracture. Whether lower limb muscle strength and balance are impaired in this patient population is uncertain. To help inform rehabilitation requirements, this systematic review aimed to compare lower limb muscle strength and balance between older adults with a distal radius fracture with matched controls, and to synthesise lower limb muscle strength and balance outcomes in older adults with a distal radius fracture.MethodsWe searched Embase, MEDLINE, and CINAHL (1990 to 25 May 2022) for randomised and non-randomised controlled clinical trials and observational studies that measured lower limb muscle strength and/or balance using instrumented measurements or validated tests, in adults aged ≥ 50 years enrolled within one year after distal radius fracture. We appraised included observational studies using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and included randomised controlled trials using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Due to the clinical and methodological heterogeneity in included studies, we synthesised results narratively in tables and text.ResultsNineteen studies (10 case-control studies, five case series, and four randomised controlled trials) of variable methodological quality and including 1835 participants (96% women, mean age 55-73 years, median sample size 82) were included. Twelve included studies (63%) assessed strength using 10 different methods with knee extension strength most commonly assessed (6/12 (50%) studies). Five included case-control studies (50%) assessed lower limb strength. Cases demonstrated impaired strength during functional tests (two studies), but knee extension strength assessment findings were conflicting (three studies). Eighteen included studies (95%) assessed balance using 14 different methods. Single leg balance was most commonly assessed (6/18 (33%) studies). All case-control studies assessed balance with inconsistent findings.ConclusionCompared to controls, there is some evidence that older adults with a distal radius fracture have impaired lower limb muscle strength and balance. A cautious interpretation is required due to inconsistent findings across studies and/or outcome measures. Heterogeneity in control participants' characteristics, study design, study quality, and assessment methods limited synthesis of results. Robust case-control and/or prospective observational studies are needed.RegistrationInternational prospective register of systematic reviews (date of registration: 02 July 2020, registration identifier: CRD42020196274).

Dataset Information

Objective measures of moderate to vigorous physical activity are associated with higher distal limb bone strength among elderly men.

Publications

Objective measures of moderate to vigorous physical activity are associated with higher distal limb bone strength among elderly men.

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