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Cardiovascular and cancer mortality in relation to dietary polychlorinated biphenyls and marine polyunsaturated fatty acids: a nutritional-toxicological aspect of fish consumption.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Co-exposure to environmental contaminants present in fish could mitigate the beneficial effects of fish consumption and possibly explain the lack of association observed for mortality in some geographical regions. OBJECTIVE:To assess the independent associations of dietary exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and long-chain omega-3 fish fatty acids intake with cardiovascular and cancer mortality. METHODS:We used the prospective population-based Swedish Mammography Cohort and the Cohort of Swedish Men comprising 32 952 women and 36 545 men, free from cancer, cardiovascular disease and diabetes at baseline in 1998. Validated estimates of dietary PCBs and long-chain omega-3 fish fatty acids [i.e. eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] intake were obtained via a food frequency questionnaire at baseline. Information on death was ascertained through register linkage. RESULTS:During a mean follow-up of 15.5 years, we ascertained 16 776 deaths. We observed for cardiovascular mortality, comparing extreme quintiles in multivariable models mutually adjusted for PCBs and EPA-DHA, dose-dependent associations for dietary PCB exposure, hazard ratio (HR) 1.31 (CI 95%: 1.08 to 1.57; P-trend 0.005) and for dietary EPA-DHA intake, HR 0.79 (CI 95%: 0.66 to 0.95; P-trend 0.041). For cancer mortality, no clear associations were discerned. CONCLUSION:The beneficial effect of fish consumption on the cardiovascular system seems compromised by co-exposure to PCBs - one likely explanation for the inconsistent associations observed between fish consumption and mortality.

SUBMITTER: Donat-Vargas C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7003855 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cardiovascular and cancer mortality in relation to dietary polychlorinated biphenyls and marine polyunsaturated fatty acids: a nutritional-toxicological aspect of fish consumption.

Donat-Vargas C C Bellavia A A Berglund M M Glynn A A Wolk A A Åkesson A A

Journal of internal medicine 20191108 2

<h4>Background</h4>Co-exposure to environmental contaminants present in fish could mitigate the beneficial effects of fish consumption and possibly explain the lack of association observed for mortality in some geographical regions.<h4>Objective</h4>To assess the independent associations of dietary exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and long-chain omega-3 fish fatty acids intake with cardiovascular and cancer mortality.<h4>Methods</h4>We used the prospective population-based Swedish Ma ...[more]

PMID: 31628875

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Project description:BackgroundIn 2014, we conducted a longitudinal study [Anniston Community Health Survey (ACHS II)] 8 y after the baseline (ACHS I).ObjectivesWe investigated the relationship between persistent chlorinated compounds and hypertension in residents living around the former polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) production plant in Anniston, Alabama. We also examined the potential role of inflammatory cytokines in those with hypertension.MethodsA total of 338 participants had their blood pressure measured and medications recorded, gave a blood sample, and completed a questionnaire. Prevalent hypertension was defined as taking antihypertensive medication or having systolic blood pressure >140?mmHg and/or diastolic pressure >90?mmHg; incident hypertension used similar criteria in those who developed hypertension since the baseline in 2005-2007. PCB congeners were categorized into structure-activity groups, and toxic equivalencies (TEQs) were calculated for dioxin-like compounds. Descriptive statistics, logistic and linear regressions, as well as Cox proportional hazard models, were used to analyze the associations between exposures and hypertension.ResultsPrevalent hypertension (78%) in ACHS II showed statistically significant adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for PCBs 74, 99, 138, 153, 167, 177, 183, and 187, ranging from 2.18 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10, 4.33] to 2.76 (95% CI: 1.14, 6.73), as well as for two estrogenic-like PCB groups, and the thyroid-like group [ORs ranging from 2.25 (95% CI: 1.07, 4.75) to 2.54 (95% CI: 1.13, 5.74)]. Furthermore, analysis of quartiles demonstrated a monotonic relationship for dioxin-like non-ortho (non-o)-PCB TEQs [fourth vs. first quartile: 3.66 (95% CI: 1.40, 9.56)]. Longitudinal analyses of incident hypertension supported those positive associations. The results were strongest for the di-o-PCBs [hazard?ratio?(HR)=1.93 (95% CI: 0.93, 4.00)] and estrogenic II PCB group [HR=1.90 (95% CI: 0.96, 3.78)] but were weaker for the dioxin TEQs.DiscussionFindings supportive of positive associations were reported for dioxin-like mono-o- and non-o-PCBs as well as for nondioxin-like estrogenic and thyroid-like congeners with prevalent and incident hypertension, suggesting that multiple pathways may be involved in hypertension development. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP5272.

Dataset Information

Cardiovascular and cancer mortality in relation to dietary polychlorinated biphenyls and marine polyunsaturated fatty acids: a nutritional-toxicological aspect of fish consumption.

Publications

Cardiovascular and cancer mortality in relation to dietary polychlorinated biphenyls and marine polyunsaturated fatty acids: a nutritional-toxicological aspect of fish consumption.

Similar Datasets

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