Dataset Information

FTO Variant rs1421085 Associates With Increased Body Weight, Soft Lean Mass, and Total Body Water Through Interaction With Ghrelin and Apolipoproteins in Arab Population.

ABSTRACT: Association studies have implicated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), particularly rs1421085, from the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene with body composition phenotypes, obesity, dietary intake, and physical activity in European, East Asian, and African populations. However, the impact of the rs1421085 variant has not been sufficiently tested in ethnic populations (such as Arabs) with high levels of obesity. Further, there is a lack of studies identifying biomarkers that interact with FTO. Therefore, we investigated the association of rs1421085 with obesity and body composition traits and metabolic biomarkers in Arab population. We genotyped rs1421085 SNP in 278 Arab individuals, where multiple biomarkers relating to obesity, inflammation, and other metabolic pathways were quantified. We performed genetic association tests under additive mode of inheritance using linear regression models and found association of rs1421085_C allele with higher levels of body weight, soft lean mass (SLM), and total body water. Examination (using linear regression models under dominant mode of inheritance) of correlation among biomarkers and interaction with genotypes at the variant revealed that measures of these three body composition traits were found mediated by interaction between carrier genotypes (TC+CC) and measures of ghrelin, ApoA1, and ApoB48. Lean body mass (LBM), to which SLM contributes, is an important determinant of physical strength and is a focal point in studies on sarcopenia. Low LBM is known to be associated with higher risk of cardiometabolic disorders. Thus, the finding on the FTO variant as a genetic determinant of SLM via interaction with ghrelin, ApoA1, and ApoB48 is important.

SUBMITTER: Hebbar P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7006511 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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<i>FTO</i> Variant rs1421085 Associates With Increased Body Weight, Soft Lean Mass, and Total Body Water Through Interaction With Ghrelin and Apolipoproteins in Arab Population.

Hebbar Prashantha P Abu-Farha Mohamed M Mohammad Anwar A Alkayal Fadi F Melhem Motasem M Abubaker Jehad J Al-Mulla Fahd F Thanaraj Thangavel Alphonse TA

Frontiers in genetics 20200131

Association studies have implicated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), particularly rs1421085, from the fat mass and obesity-associated (<i>FTO</i>) gene with body composition phenotypes, obesity, dietary intake, and physical activity in European, East Asian, and African populations. However, the impact of the rs1421085 variant has not been sufficiently tested in ethnic populations (such as Arabs) with high levels of obesity. Further, there is a lack of studies identifying biomarkers that i ...[more]

PMID: 32076432

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Raw bioelectrical values can be used to assess physiological outcomes, though limited information is available concerning the relationships between changes in these values and changes in other variables of interest. METHODS:This investigation quantified the relationships between total and segmental changes in raw bioelectrical variables (i.e., resistance, reactance, and phase angle) and corresponding whole-body and segmental changes in independently assessed body composition. Resistance-trained females (n?=?31, body mass index: 22.8?±?2.6?kg/m2, body fat: 28?±?6%) completed eight weeks of supervised resistance training. Before and after the intervention, body composition was assessed via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (GE® Lunar Prodigy), and raw bioelectrical variables were assessed via 8-point multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (Seca® mBCA 515/514) at 19 frequencies ranging from 1 to 1000?kHz. RESULTS:Lean soft tissue of the whole body (+?3.2% [2.1, 4.4]; mean [95% confidence interval]) and each body segment (+?2.8 to 6.3%) increased as a result of the intervention. Group-level changes in total (-?2.4% [-?5.2, 0.3]) and segmental fat mass were not statistically significant. Significant decreases in total resistance (-?2.1% [-?3.7, -?0.6] at 50?kHz) and increases in phase angle (+?4.2% [2.5, 5.9] at 50?kHz) were observed, with minimal changes in reactance and varying changes in segmental values. Moderate to strong negative correlations (0.63???|r|???0.83, p???0.001) were found between changes in lean soft tissue and changes in resistance for the whole body, trunk, and arms. No significant correlations were identified between changes in fat mass or bone mineral content and changes in any bioelectrical variable. CONCLUSIONS:Total and segmental changes in resistance were associated with corresponding total and segmental changes in lean soft tissue following a resistance training intervention, while fewer associations were identified between changes in other bioelectrical parameters (i.e., reactance and phase angle) and body composition variables (e.g., fat mass and bone mineral content). Measurement frequency and body segment appeared to influence the presence and strength relationships between bioelectrical and body composition variables. These findings suggest that researchers and practitioners utilizing bioimpedance technology may benefit from examining raw resistance values to enhance detection of physiological adaptations to exercise interventions.

Project description:BackgroundA Step I diet with lean beef compared with lean white meat both decrease LDL cholesterol. To our knowledge, no studies have evaluated a low-saturated fatty acid (SFA) (<7% calories) diet that contains lean beef.ObjectiveWe studied the effect on LDL cholesterol of cholesterol-lowering diets with varying amounts of lean beef [ie, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH): 28 g beef/d; Beef in an Optimal Lean Diet (BOLD): 113 g beef/d; and Beef in an Optimal Lean Diet plus additional protein (BOLD+): 153 g beef/d] compared with that of a healthy American diet (HAD).DesignThirty-six hypercholesterolemic participants (with LDL-cholesterol concentrations >2.8 mmol/L) were randomly assigned to consume each of the 4 diets (HAD: 33% total fat, 12% SFA, 17% protein, and 20 g beef/d), DASH (27% total fat, 6% SFA, 18% protein, and 28 g beef/d), BOLD (28% total fat, 6% SFA, 19% protein, and 113 g beef/d), and BOLD+ (28% total fat, 6% SFA, 27% protein, and 153 g beef/d) for 5 wk.ResultsThere was a decrease in total cholesterol (TC) and LDL-cholesterol concentrations (P < 0.05) after consumption of the DASH (-0.49 ± 0.11 and -0.37 ± 0.09 mmol/L, respectively), BOLD (-0.48 ± 0.10 and -0.35 ± 0.9 mmol/L, respectively), and BOLD+ (-0.50 ± 0.10 and -0.345 ± 0.09 mmol/L, respectively) diets compared with after consumption of the HAD (-0.22 ± 0.10 and -0.14 ± 0.10 mmol/L, respectively). Apolipoprotein A-I, C-III, and C-III bound to apolipoprotein A1 particles decreased after BOLD and BOLD+ diets compared with after the HAD, and there was a greater decrease in apolipoprotein B after consumption of the BOLD+ diet than after consumption of the HAD (P < 0.05 for both). LDL cholesterol and TC decreased after consumption of the DASH, BOLD, and BOLD+ diets when the baseline C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration was <1 mg/L; LDL cholesterol and TC decreased when baseline CRP concentration was >1 mg/L with the BOLD and BOLD+ diets.ConclusionsLow-SFA, heart-healthy dietary patterns that contain lean beef elicit favorable effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD) lipid and lipoprotein risk factors that are comparable to those elicited by a DASH dietary pattern. These results, in conjunction with the beneficial effects on apolipoprotein CVD risk factors after consumption of the BOLD and BOLD+ diets, which were greater with the BOLD+ diet, provide support for including lean beef in a heart-healthy dietary pattern. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00937898.

Dataset Information

FTO Variant rs1421085 Associates With Increased Body Weight, Soft Lean Mass, and Total Body Water Through Interaction With Ghrelin and Apolipoproteins in Arab Population.

Publications

<i>FTO</i> Variant rs1421085 Associates With Increased Body Weight, Soft Lean Mass, and Total Body Water Through Interaction With Ghrelin and Apolipoproteins in Arab Population.

Similar Datasets

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