Dataset Information

Dithiothreitol-Measured Oxidative Potential of Size-Segregated Particulate Matter in Fukuoka, Japan: Effects of Asian Dust Events.

ABSTRACT: Oxidative potential is an important property of particulate matter (PM) that has been regarded as a more health-relevant metric than PM mass. We investigated the oxidative potential of size-segregated PM and effects of Asian dust events in Fukuoka, western Japan. Aerosol particles with diameters smaller and larger than 2.5 ?m (fine and coarse particles, respectively) were collected continually from 16 March through 26 May 2016. The oxidative potential was analyzed using dithiothreitol (DTT) assay; chemical components of PM were also found. Air-volume normalized oxidative potential quantified by DTT assay (DTTv) was significantly higher during Asian dust events than during nondust-event days. The mean DTTv of fine and coarse particles during Asian dust events were, respectively, 1.5 and 2.7 times higher than that during nonevent days. DTTv of fine particles was highly correlated with elements dominated by anthropogenic combustion sources and with the elements emitted from multiple sources including mineral dust and combustion sources. DTTv of coarse particles strongly correlated with the mineral dust derived elements, suggesting concentration of mineral dust particles as an important controlling factor especially for the oxidative potential of the coarse particles. We estimated the contributions of water-soluble transition metals to the oxidative potential of PM. Water-soluble transition metals (mainly Cu and Mn) can explain only approximately 37% and 60% of the measured oxidative potential of fine and coarse particles, respectively, suggesting substantial contributions of aerosol components other than water-soluble transition metals such as quinones and insoluble minerals.

SUBMITTER: Nishita-Hara C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7007159 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Dithiothreitol-Measured Oxidative Potential of Size-Segregated Particulate Matter in Fukuoka, Japan: Effects of Asian Dust Events.

Nishita-Hara Chiharu C Hirabayashi Motohiro M Hara Keiichiro K Yamazaki Akihiro A Hayashi Masahiko M

GeoHealth 20190627 6

Oxidative potential is an important property of particulate matter (PM) that has been regarded as a more health-relevant metric than PM mass. We investigated the oxidative potential of size-segregated PM and effects of Asian dust events in Fukuoka, western Japan. Aerosol particles with diameters smaller and larger than 2.5 μm (fine and coarse particles, respectively) were collected continually from 16 March through 26 May 2016. The oxidative potential was analyzed using dithiothreitol (DTT) assa ...[more]

PMID: 32159038

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Project description:In this study, we examine the oxidative potential of airborne particulate matter (PM) in Beirut, Lebanon, as influenced by dust events originating in the Sahara and Arabian deserts. Segregated fine (< 2.5 ?m) and coarse (2.5-10 ?m) PM samples collected during dust events, as well as during non-dust periods, were analyzed for chemical composition, and the in vitro alveolar macrophage (AM) assay was utilized to determine the oxidative potential of both types of samples. We performed Spearman rank-order correlation analysis between individual chemical components and the oxidative potential of PM to examine the impact of the changes in PM chemical composition due to the occurrence of dust events on overall PM oxidative potential. Our findings revealed that the oxidative potential of Beirut's urban PM during non-dust periods was much higher than during dust episodes for fine PM. Our findings also indicated that tracers of tailpipe emissions (i.e., elemental (EC) and organic carbon (OC)), non-tailpipe emissions (i.e., heavy metals including Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb), and secondary organic aerosols (SOA) (i.e., water-soluble organic carbon, WSOC) were significantly associated with the oxidative potential of PM during dust days and non-dust periods. However, the contribution of desert dust aerosols to Beirut's indigenous PM composition did not exacerbate its oxidative potential, as indicated by the negative correlations between the oxidative potential of PM and the concentrations of crustal elements that were enriched during the dust days. This suggests that aerosols generated during Saharan and Arabian dust events pose no additional health risk to the population due to PM-triggered reactive oxygen species formation. These results significantly contribute to our understanding of the effects of desert dust aerosols on the composition and oxidative potential of PM in several countries throughout the entire Middle East region that are impacted by dust events in the Sahara and Arabian deserts.

Project description:BackgroundDust storms affect human health by impairing visibility and promoting interactions with microscopic organisms, such as bacteria and fungi. Although ST-elevation MI (STEMI) and non-ST-elevation MI (NSTEMI) differ mechanistically, few studies have investigated the incidence of cardiovascular diseases according to infarction type; these studies have yielded inconsistent findings. This study aimed to examine whether PM size (< 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and < 10 μm (PM10)) modifies the effect of Asian dust on acute myocardial infarction (AMI), with separate analyses for STEMI and NSTEMI.MethodsMI-related data from 9934 emergency visits were collected from the Korea AMI Registry from 2005 to 2017. Asian dust events were defined as days with visibility of ≤10 km. Generalized linear models were used to analyze data with natural cubic splines. To examine potential modifiers, analyses were stratified by age, smoking status, and body mass index (BMI).ResultsNo significant associations were observed between Asian dust and AMI. By adjusting for different lag structures, a significant effect was exclusively observed in STEMI. For moving average lags, the largest value at lag 5 (relative risk [RR] 1.083; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.007-1.166) for single and lags 0-7 (RR 1.067; 95% CI: 1.002-1.136) was observed for PM2.5; for PM10, the largest significant effect was observed at lag 4 (RR 1.075; 95% CI: 1.010-1.144) for single and lags 0-7 (RR 1.067; 95% CI: 1.002-1.136). RRs were significantly higher in < 65-year-olds than in ≥65-year-olds. Additionally, RRs between the BMI < 25 and BMI ≥ 25 groups were not different; statistically significant effects were observed for concentration at lags 0-5 (RR: 1.073; 95% CI: 1.002-1.150) and lags 0-6 (RR: 1.071; 95% CI: 1.001-1.146) in the BMI < 25 group. A negative exposure-response association was observed between daily average visibility-adjusted PM and STEMI and daily average visibility-adjusted PM in < 65-year-olds.ConclusionsReducing PM2.5 and PM10 emissions, particularly during the days of Asian dust, may be crucial and reduce STEMI and AMI incidence among < 65-year-olds. These results indicate that the Asian dust alarm system needs revision to protect vulnerable populations.

Dataset Information

Dithiothreitol-Measured Oxidative Potential of Size-Segregated Particulate Matter in Fukuoka, Japan: Effects of Asian Dust Events.

Publications

Dithiothreitol-Measured Oxidative Potential of Size-Segregated Particulate Matter in Fukuoka, Japan: Effects of Asian Dust Events.

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