Use of EFSA Pesticide Residue Intake Model (EFSA PRIMo revision 3).
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7009361 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Use of EFSA Pesticide Residue Intake Model (EFSA PRIMo revision 3).
Brancato Alba A Brocca Daniela D Ferreira Lucien L Greco Luna L Jarrah Samira S Leuschner Renata R Medina Paula P Miron Ileana I Nougadere Alexandre A Pedersen Ragnor R Reich Hermine H Santos Miguel M Stanek Alois A Tarazona Jose J Theobald Anne A Villamar-Bouza Laura L
EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority 20180115 1
Since 2007, the EFSA PRIMo (Pesticide Residue Intake Model), an Excel-based calculation spreadsheet, is the standard tool used at EU level to perform the dietary risk assessment for pesticide residues in the framework of setting and reviewing of maximum residue levels for pesticides under Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 and in the peer review of pesticides under Regulation (EU) No 1107/2009. The model was now updated with regard to food consumption data derived from some recent dietary food surveys. ...[more]
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Project description:BACKGROUND:Dietary fat intake may modify Parkinson's disease (PD) risk directly or by altering the response to environmental neurotoxicants including pesticides. METHODS:We conducted a case-control study of PD nested in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS), a cohort of pesticide applicators and spouses. We evaluated diet and pesticide use before diagnosis in 89 PD cases, confirmed by movement disorder specialists, or a corresponding date in 336 frequency-matched controls. Associations were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS:In the AHS, PD was inversely associated with N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.8 for highest vs. lowest tertile) and the N-3 precursor ?-linolenic acid (0.4, 0.2-0.8). In a meta-analysis of nine studies, including the present one, PD was inversely associated with ?-linolenic acid (0.81, 0.68-0.96). In the AHS, associations of PD with the pesticides paraquat and rotenone were modified by fat intake. The OR for paraquat was 4.2 (1.5-12) in individuals with PUFA intake below the median but 1.2 (0.4-3.4) in those with higher intake (p-interaction = 0.10). The OR for rotenone was 5.8 (2.3-15) in those with saturated fat intake above the median but 1.5 (0.5-4.2) in those with lower intake (p-interaction = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS:PUFA intake was consistently associated with lower PD risk, and dietary fats modified the association of PD risk with pesticide exposure. If confirmed, these findings suggest that a diet high in PUFAs and low in saturated fats might reduce risk of PD.
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| S-EPMC6285677 | biostudies-other
Project description:BackgroundIntake of conventionally grown fruits and vegetables (FVs) is an important route of exposure to pesticide residues in the general population. However, whether health risk stemming from exposure to pesticides through diet could offset benefits of consuming FVs is unclear.ObjectiveWe assessed the association of FV intake, classified according to their pesticide residue status, with total and cause-specific mortality.MethodsWe followed 137,378 women (NHS, 1998-2019, and NHSII, 1999-2019) and 23,502 men (HPFS, 1998-2020) without cardiovascular disease, cancer, or diabetes at baseline. FV intake was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaires and categorized as having high- or low-pesticide-residues using data from the USDA Pesticide Data Program. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for total and cause-specific mortality associated with high- and low-pesticide-residue FV intake.ResultsA total of 27,026 deaths, including 4,318 from CVD and 6,426 from cancer, were documented during 3,081,360 person-years of follow-up. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, participants who consumed ≥4 servings/day of low-pesticide-residue FVs had 36% (95% CI: 32%-41%) lower mortality risk compared to participants who consumed <1 serving/day. The corresponding estimate for high-pesticide residue FV intake was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.81-1.07). This pattern was similar across the three most frequent causes of death (cardiovascular disease, cancer and respiratory diseases).ConclusionsHigh-pesticide-residue FV intake was unrelated whereas low-pesticide residue FV intake was inversely related to all-cause mortality, suggesting that exposure to pesticide residues through diet may offset the beneficial effect of FV intake on mortality.
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