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Determination of acrolein-associated T1 and T2 relaxation times and noninvasive detection using nuclear magnetic resonance and magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

ABSTRACT: An estimated 3.3 million people are living with a traumatic brain injury (TBI)-associated morbidity. Currently, only invasive and sacrificial methods exist to study neurochemical alterations following TBI. Nuclear magnetic resonance methods-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS)-are powerful tools which may be used non-invasively to diagnose a range of medical issues. These methods can be utilized to explore brain functionality, connectivity, and biochemistry. Unfortunately, many of the commonly studied brain metabolites (e.g., N-acetyl-aspartate, choline, creatine) remain relatively stable following mild to moderate TBI and may not be suitable for longitudinal assessment of injury severity and location. Therefore, a critical need exists to investigate alternative biomarkers of TBI, such as acrolein. Acrolein is a byproduct of lipid peroxidation and accumulates following damage to neuronal tissue. Acrolein has been shown to increase in post-mortem rat brain tissue following TBI. However, no methods exist to noninvasively quantify acrolein in vivo. Currently, we have characterized the T1 and T2 of acrolein via NMR saturation recovery and Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill experiments, accordingly, to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio of acrolein obtained with MRS. Additionally, we have quantified acrolein in water and whole-brain phantom using PRESS MRS and standard post-processing methods. With this potential novel biomarker for assessing TBI, we can investigate methods for predicting acute and chronic neurological dysfunction in humans and animal models. By quantifying and localizing acrolein with MRS, and investigating neurological outcomes associated with in vivo measures, patient-specific interventions could be developed to decrease TBI-associated morbidity and improve quality of life.

SUBMITTER: Vike N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7015257 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Determination of acrolein-associated T<sub>1</sub> and T<sub>2</sub> relaxation times and noninvasive detection using nuclear magnetic resonance and magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Vike Nicole N Tang Jonathan J Talavage Thomas T Shi Riyi R Rispoli Joseph J

Applied magnetic resonance 20190725 11

An estimated 3.3 million people are living with a traumatic brain injury (TBI)-associated morbidity. Currently, only invasive and sacrificial methods exist to study neurochemical alterations following TBI. Nuclear magnetic resonance methods-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS)-are powerful tools which may be used non-invasively to diagnose a range of medical issues. These methods can be utilized to explore brain functionality, connectivity, and biochemistry. Unfortunately, man ...[more]

PMID: 32051668

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Project description:ObjectivesTo assess the accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility of T1 and T2 relaxation time measurements by three-dimensional magnetic resonance fingerprinting (3D MRF) using various dictionary resolutions.MethodsThe ISMRM/NIST phantom was scanned daily for 10 days in two 3 T MR scanners using a 3D MRF sequence reconstructed using four dictionaries with varying step sizes and one dictionary with wider ranges. Thirty-nine healthy volunteers were enrolled: 20 subjects underwent whole-brain MRF scans in both scanners and the rest in one scanner. ROI/VOI analyses were performed on phantom and brain MRF maps. Accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility metrics were calculated.ResultsIn the phantom study, all dictionaries showed high T1 linearity to the reference values (R2 > 0.99), repeatability (CV < 3%), and reproducibility (CV < 3%) with lower linearity (R2 > 0.98), repeatability (CV < 6%), and reproducibility (CV ≤ 4%) for T2 measurement. The volunteer study demonstrated high T1 reproducibility of within-subject CV (wCV) < 4% by all dictionaries with the same ranges, both in the brain parenchyma and CSF. Yet, reproducibility was moderate for T2 measurement (wCV < 8%). In CSF measurement, dictionaries with a smaller range showed a seemingly better reproducibility (T1, wCV 3%; T2, wCV 8%) than the much wider range dictionary (T1, wCV 5%; T2, wCV 13%). Truncated CSF relaxometry values were evident in smaller range dictionaries.ConclusionsThe accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility of 3D MRF across various dictionary resolutions were high for T1 and moderate for T2 measurements. A lower-resolution dictionary with a well-defined range may be adequate, thus significantly reducing the computational load.Key points• A lower-resolution dictionary with a well-defined range may be sufficient for 3D MRF reconstruction. • CSF relaxation times might be underestimated due to truncation by the upper dictionary range. • Dictionary with a higher upper range might be advisable, especially for CSF evaluation and elderly subjects whose perivascular spaces are more prominent.

Dataset Information

Determination of acrolein-associated T1 and T2 relaxation times and noninvasive detection using nuclear magnetic resonance and magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Publications

Determination of acrolein-associated T<sub>1</sub> and T<sub>2</sub> relaxation times and noninvasive detection using nuclear magnetic resonance and magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

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