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Effects of inclusion of purple prairie clover (Dalea purpurea Vent.) with native cool-season grasses on in vitro fermentation and in situ digestibility of mixed forages.

ABSTRACT: Background:Incorporation of legume species into native North American pastures is considered an effective method to increase native pasture productivity and improve the nutritive value of forage. This study evaluated the effects of inclusion of purple prairie clover (PPC, Dalea purpurea Vent.), a native legume forage, with native cool-season grasses on the in vitro fermentation and in situ digestibility of mixed forages. Methods:Whole plant PPC and mixtures of cool-season grasses were harvested when the PPC reached the vegetative (VEG), full flower (FL) and seedpod (SP) stages, and were combined in ratios (DM basis) of 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25 and 100:0 at each maturity. In vitro ruminal incubations using these mixtures were conducted for 48?h to determine gas production (GP), in vitro DM disappearance (IVDMD), total volatile fatty acids (VFA) and ammonia-N production. Mixtures of forages harvested when the PPC reached the FL stage and 50:50 mixture of forages harvested at VEG, FL and SP stages were incubated in the rumen of three heifers for 0, 2, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96?h to determine in situ degradabilities of DM, neutral detergent fibre (aNDF) and crude protein (CP). Results:Contents of aNDF and ADF increased (P??VEG?>?SP (P ?FL?>?SP (P?

SUBMITTER: Peng K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7020374 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of inclusion of purple prairie clover (<i>Dalea purpurea</i> Vent.) with native cool-season grasses on <i>in vitro</i> fermentation and <i>in situ</i> digestibility of mixed forages.

Peng Kai K Gresham Gemma L GL McAllister Tim A TA Xu Zhongjun Z Iwaasa Alan A Schellenberg Mike M Chaves Alex V AV Wang Yuxi Y

Journal of animal science and biotechnology 20200214

<h4>Background</h4>Incorporation of legume species into native North American pastures is considered an effective method to increase native pasture productivity and improve the nutritive value of forage. This study evaluated the effects of inclusion of purple prairie clover (PPC, <i>Dalea purpurea</i> Vent.), a native legume forage, with native cool-season grasses on the <i>in vitro</i> fermentation and <i>in situ</i> digestibility of mixed forages.<h4>Methods</h4>Whole plant PPC and mixtures of ...[more]

PMID: 32082566

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Project description:In semi-arid and arid regions, the selection of suitable grass species with high-yield production, tolerance to drought stress, and potential for recovery from drought is of special importance. Despite extensive research in cool-season grasses, inter-species differences in post-drought recovery, persistence, survival, and summer dormancy and their relationship with drought tolerance need more investigation. In the present study, 28 diverse genotypes belonged to seven cool-season grass species, including Festuca arundinacea (tall fescue), Festuca pratensis (meadow fescue), Festuca ovina (sheep fescue), Festuca rubra (red fescue), Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass), Lolium multiflorum (Italian ryegrass) and Lolium × hybridum were evaluated during 2016-2019 under three irrigation regimes (normal, mild, and intense drought stress). Then in the fourth year (on August 2019), irrigation was withheld at all previous irrigation regimes for two months during summer, and then species were re-irrigated to study the effect of prolonged drought conditions. A wide range of genetic diversity was detected in all the measured traits among and within species in response to different irrigation levels. Recurrent drought stress decreased forage productivity, post-drought recovery, and survival in all grass species. Among the studied species, tall fescue had higher forage production, drought tolerance, survival, recovery rate, and persistence. Sheep fescue had low forage production and recovery after drought. Drought tolerance (based on stress tolerance score, STS) was highly associated with forage yield and post-drought recovery and partially with summer dormancy under both mild and intense drought stress conditions. This indicated that selection based on higher STS would lead to choosing genotypes with better recovery after prolonged drought. Superior species and preferable genotypes for forage use from species Festuca arundinacea and for turf application from species Festuca arundinacea, Lolium perenne and Lolium × hybridum were identified across different water environments for future programs.

Project description:Abiotic stress is an important factor affecting turf establishment and limiting the sustainability of the turf industry. To alleviate the effects of combined cold and drought stress in cold- and drought-prone regions, it is essential to select and introduce turfgrass germplasms that are suitable for these conditions for successful turf establishment. Thus, we evaluated the effects of combined extreme cold and drought stress on the morphological, plant leaf functional, photosynthetic, and physiological and biochemical traits of 16 wild annual bluegrass (Poa annua) germplasms. We found that there were significant differences (P < 0.05) among different provenances, combined cold and drought stress, and the main interaction factors. Combined cold and drought stress altered the morphological characteristics of the 16 germplasms to varying degrees. Furthermore, combined cold and drought stress significantly reduced the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (Tr), instantaneous water use efficiency (WUE), chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, accumulated intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), and relative electrical conductivity (REC) and malondialdehyde (MDA), proline (Pro), soluble protein (SP), soluble sugar (SS), superoxide anion (O2.-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (·OH) and other active oxygen, and increased the superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), peroxidase activity (POD), catalase activity (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase activity (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities. Comprehensive evaluation using principal component analysis (PCA), membership function analysis, and clustered heatmaps indicated that the 'HZ' germplasm had stronger combined cold and drought tolerance, whereas the 'ZQ' germplasm was more sensitive to combined cold and drought, which was roughly consistent with the order of morphological damage symptoms. Therefore, it is recommended to use the 'HZ' germplasm for planting projects in cold- and drought-prone areas, while the 'ZQ' germplasm is more suitable for use under warmer and non-water-deficient conditions.

Dataset Information

Effects of inclusion of purple prairie clover (Dalea purpurea Vent.) with native cool-season grasses on in vitro fermentation and in situ digestibility of mixed forages.

Publications

Effects of inclusion of purple prairie clover (<i>Dalea purpurea</i> Vent.) with native cool-season grasses on <i>in vitro</i> fermentation and <i>in situ</i> digestibility of mixed forages.

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