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Modulation of growth hormone receptor-insulin-like growth factor 1 axis by dietary protein in young ruminants.

ABSTRACT: A reduced protein intake causes a decrease in insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) concentrations and modulates Ca homoeostasis in young goats. IGF1 is synthesised by the liver in response to stimulation by growth hormone (GH). Due to rumino-hepatic circulation of urea, ruminants are suitable for investigating the effects of protein reduction despite sufficient energy intake. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of a protein-reduced diet on the expression of components of the somatotropic axis. Male young goats were divided into two feeding groups receiving either a control diet (20 % crude protein (CP)) or a reduced-protein diet (9 % CP). Blood concentrations of IGF1 and GH were measured, and a 24-h GH secretion profile was compiled. Moreover, ionised Ca and insulin concentrations as well as mRNA and protein expression levels of hepatic proteins involved in GH signalling were quantified. Due to the protein-reduced diet, concentrations of ionised Ca, insulin and IGF1 decreased significantly, whereas GH concentrations remained unchanged. Expression levels of the hepatic GH receptor (GHR) decreased during protein reduction. GHR expression was down-regulated due to diminished insulin concentrations as both parameters were positively correlated. Insulin itself might be reduced due to reduced blood Ca levels that are involved in insulin release. The protein-reduced diet had an impact on the expression of components of the somatotropic axis as a disruption of the GH-IGF1 axis brought about by diminished GHR expression was shown in response to a protein-reduced diet.

SUBMITTER: Firmenich CS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7025161 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Modulation of growth hormone receptor-insulin-like growth factor 1 axis by dietary protein in young ruminants.

Firmenich Caroline S CS Schnepel Nadine N Hansen Kathrin K Schmicke Marion M Muscher-Banse Alexandra S AS

The British journal of nutrition 20191128 6

A reduced protein intake causes a decrease in insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) concentrations and modulates Ca homoeostasis in young goats. IGF1 is synthesised by the liver in response to stimulation by growth hormone (GH). Due to rumino-hepatic circulation of urea, ruminants are suitable for investigating the effects of protein reduction despite sufficient energy intake. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of a protein-reduced diet on the expression of components of the somatot ...[more]

PMID: 31775916

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Project description:Heat stress adversely affects the growth performance, muscle development, and protein metabolism in poultry. l-Citrulline (L-Cit), is a non-essential amino acid that is known to stimulate muscle protein synthesis under stress conditions. This study investigated whether L-Cit could influence the growth performance, amino acid profile, and protein metabolism in broilers exposed to high ambient temperature. In a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, Arbor acre broilers (288 chickens) were fed with basal diet (CON) or 1% L-Cit supplemented diet and later subjected to either thermoneutral (TNZ: 24°C, 24 h/d) or heat stress (HS: 35°C for 8 h/d) environment for 21 days. The results showed that L-Cit diet promoted the body weight and body weight gain of broilers higher than the CON diet, and it further alleviated HS suppression of body weight and feed intake at certain periods (p < 0.05). Plasma urea, uric acid, glucose, and total cholesterol were elevated during HS, whereas, the triglyceride content was decreased (p < 0.05). Serum amino acids including citrulline, alanine, aspartate, and taurine were decreased by HS. L-Cit supplementation restored the citrulline level and alleviated HS induction of 3-methylhistidine (p < 0.05). L-Cit supplementation increased the plasma growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentration, as well as the GH concentration in the breast muscle (p < 0.05). The mRNA expression showed that HS elicited tissue-specific responses by upregulating some growth factors in the breast muscle, but downregulated the GH receptor, GH binding protein, and IGF-1 expression in the hypothalamus. L-Cit supplementation upregulated the GHRH and IGFBP2 expression in the hypothalamus. L-Cit also upregulated the expression of IGF-1R and IGFBP2 in the breast muscle of HS broilers. The total mTOR protein level in the breast muscle of HS broilers was also increased by L-Cit diet (p < 0.05). Therefore, this study demonstrated that HS negatively affected the growth performance of broilers and dysregulated the expression of growth factors related to protein metabolism. Contrarily, L-Cit promoted the growth responses of broilers via its stimulation of circulating GH/IGF-1 concentration. To certain extents, L-Cit supplementation elicited protective effects on the growth performance of HS broilers by diminishing protein catabolism.

Dataset Information

Modulation of growth hormone receptor-insulin-like growth factor 1 axis by dietary protein in young ruminants.

Publications

Modulation of growth hormone receptor-insulin-like growth factor 1 axis by dietary protein in young ruminants.

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