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VEGF and bFGF induction by nitric oxide is associated with hyperbaric oxygen-induced angiogenesis and muscle regeneration.

ABSTRACT: Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment promotes early recovery from muscle injury. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) upregulation is a key mechanism of HBO, which produces high O₂ content in tissues through increased dissolution of oxygen at high pressure. Nitric oxide (NO), a type of ROS, generally stabilizes hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 1α and stimulates secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) from endothelial cells and macrophages, which then induces angiogenesis. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether HBO could promote angiogenesis via induction of NO and induce muscle regeneration in contused rat skeletal muscles. The HBO protocol consisted of 2.5 atmospheres absolute (ATA) 100% oxygen for 120 minutes, once a day for 5 consecutive days. We also evaluated the effects of a ROS inhibitor (NAC) or NOS-specific inhibitor (L-NAME) on HBO. HBO significantly increased NO₃^-, VEGF, and bFGF levels and stabilized HIF1α within 1 day. HBO promoted blood vessel formation at 3-7 days and muscle healing at 5-7 days after contusion. Administration of both NAC and L-NAME before HBO suppressed angiogenesis and muscle regeneration even after HBO. HBO thus promoted angiogenesis and muscle regeneration mainly through generation of NO in the early phase after muscle contusion injury.

SUBMITTER: Yamamoto N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7026099 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:L-Arginine (L-Arg), the precursor of nitric oxide (NO), plays an important role in muscle function. Fast-twitch glycolytic fibres are more susceptible to age-related atrophy than slow-twitch oxidative fibres. The effect of L-Arg/NO on protein metabolism of fast- and slow-twitch muscle fibres was evaluated in chickens. In Exp. 1, 48 chicks at 1 day old were divided into 4 groups of 12 birds and subjected to 4 treatments: basal diet without supplementation or supplemented with 1% L-Arg, and water supplemented with or without L-nitro-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 18.5 mM). In Exp. 2, 48 chicks were divided into 4 groups of 12 birds fed with the basal diet and subjected to the following treatments: tap water (control), tap water supplemented with L-NAME (18.5 mM), or molsidomine (MS, 0.1 mM), or 18.5 mM L-NAME + 0.1 mM MS (NAMS). The regulatory effect of L-Arg/NO was further investigated in vitro with myoblasts obtained from chicken embryo pectoralis major (PM) and biceps femoris (BF). In vivo, dietary L-Arg supplementation increased breast (+14.94%, P < 0.05) and thigh muscle mass (+23.40%, P < 0.05); whereas, MS treatment had no detectable influence. However, L-NAME treatment blocked the beneficial influence of L-Arg on muscle development. L-Arg decreased (P < 0.05) protein synthesis rate, phosphorylated mTOR and ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 (p70S6K) levels in breast muscle, which was recovered by L-NAME treatment. In vitro, L-Arg or sodium nitroprusside (SNP) reduced protein synthesis rate, suppressed phosphorylated mTOR/p70S6K and decreased atrogin-1 and muscle RING finger 1 (MuRF1) in myoblasts from PM muscle (P < 0.05). L-NAME abolished the inhibitory effect of L-Arg on protein synthesis and the mTOR/p70S6K pathway. However, myoblasts from BF muscle showed the weak influence. Moreover, blocking the mTOR/p70S6K pathway with rapamycin suppressed protein synthesis of the 2 types of myoblasts; whereas, the protein expression of atrogin-1 and MuRF1 levels were restricted only in myoblasts from PM muscle. In conclusion, L-Arg/NO/mTOR/p70S6K pathway enhances protein accumulation and muscle development in fast-twitch glycolytic muscle in chickens. L-Arg/NO regulates protein turnover in a muscle fibre specific way, which highlights the potential clinical application in fast-twitch glycolytic muscle fibres.

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VEGF and bFGF induction by nitric oxide is associated with hyperbaric oxygen-induced angiogenesis and muscle regeneration.

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