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Genetic Risk of Coronary Artery Disease, Features of Atherosclerosis, and Coronary Plaque Burden.

ABSTRACT: Background Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) based on risk variants from genome-wide association studies predict coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. However, it is unknown whether the PRS is associated with specific CAD characteristics. Methods and Results We consecutively included 1645 patients with suspected stable CAD undergoing coronary computed tomography angiography. A multilocus PRS was calculated as the weighted sum of CAD risk variants. Plaques were evaluated using an 18-segment model and characterized by stenosis severity and composition (soft [0%-19% calcified], mixed-soft [20%-49% calcified], mixed-calcified [50%-79% calcified], or calcified [?80% calcified]). Coronary artery calcium score and segment stenosis score were used to characterize plaque burden. For each standard deviation increase in the PRS, coronary artery calcium score increased by 78% (P=4.1e-26) and segment stenosis score increased by 16% (P=2.4e-29) in the fully adjusted model. The PRS was associated with a higher prevalence of obstructive plaques (odds ratio [OR]: 1.78, P=5.6e-16), calcified (OR: 1.69, P=6.5e-17), mixed-calcified (OR: 1.67, P=7.3e-9), mixed-soft (OR: 1.45, P=1.6e-6), and soft plaques (OR: 1.49, P=2.5e-6), and a higher prevalence of plaque in each coronary vessel (all P<1.0e-4). However, when analyzing data on a plaque level (3007 segments with plaque in 849 patients) the PRS was not associated with stenosis severity, plaque composition, or localization (all P>0.05). Conclusions Our results suggest that polygenic risk based on large genome-wide association studies increases CAD risk through an increased burden of coronary atherosclerosis rather than promoting specific plaque features. Clinical Trial Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02264717.

SUBMITTER: Christiansen MK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7033858 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Genetic Risk of Coronary Artery Disease, Features of Atherosclerosis, and Coronary Plaque Burden.

Christiansen Morten Krogh MK Nissen Louise L Winther Simon S Møller Peter Loof PL Frost Lars L Johansen Jane Kirk JK Jensen Henrik Kjærulf HK Guðbjartsson Daníel D Holm Hilma H Stefánsson Kári K Bøtker Hans Erik HE Bøttcher Morten M Nyegaard Mette M

Journal of the American Heart Association 20200125 3

Background Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) based on risk variants from genome-wide association studies predict coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. However, it is unknown whether the PRS is associated with specific CAD characteristics. Methods and Results We consecutively included 1645 patients with suspected stable CAD undergoing coronary computed tomography angiography. A multilocus PRS was calculated as the weighted sum of CAD risk variants. Plaques were evaluated using an 18-segment model and ch ...[more]

PMID: 31983321

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Project description:AimsInsulin resistance associates with development of metabolic syndrome and risk of cardiovascular disease. The link between insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease is complex and multifactorial. Confirming the genetic link between insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and coronary artery disease, as well as the extent of coronary artery disease, is important and may provide better risk stratification for patients at risk. We investigated whether a genetic risk score of 53 single nucleotide polymorphisms known to be associated with insulin resistance phenotypes was associated with diabetes and burden of coronary artery disease.Methods and resultsWe genotyped patients with a coronary angiography performed in the capital region of Denmark from 2010-2014 and constructed a genetic risk score of the 53 single nucleotide polymorphisms. Logistic regression using quartiles of the genetic risk score was performed to determine associations with diabetes and coronary artery disease. Associations with the extent of coronary artery disease, defined as one-, two- or three-vessel coronary artery disease, was determined by multinomial logistic regression. We identified 4,963 patients, of which 17% had diabetes and 55% had significant coronary artery disease. Of the latter, 27%, 14% and 14% had one, two or three-vessel coronary artery disease, respectively. No significant increased risk of diabetes was identified comparing the highest genetic risk score quartile with the lowest. An increased risk of coronary artery disease was found for patients with the highest genetic risk score quartile in both unadjusted and adjusted analyses, OR 1.21 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.42, p = 0.02) and 1.25 (95% CI 1.06, 1.48, p<0.01), respectively. In the adjusted multinomial logistic regression, patients in the highest genetic risk score quartile were more likely to develop three-vessel coronary artery disease compared with patients in the lowest genetic risk score quartile, OR 1.41 (95% CI: 1.10, 1.82, p<0.01).ConclusionsAmong patients referred for coronary angiography, only a strong genetic predisposition to insulin resistance was associated with risk of coronary artery disease and with a greater disease burden.

Dataset Information

Genetic Risk of Coronary Artery Disease, Features of Atherosclerosis, and Coronary Plaque Burden.

Publications

Genetic Risk of Coronary Artery Disease, Features of Atherosclerosis, and Coronary Plaque Burden.

Similar Datasets

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