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The effect of a therapeutic urinary stress diet on the short-term recurrence of feline idiopathic cystitis.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this cohort study was to evaluate the effect of a therapeutic urinary stress diet on recurrent clinical signs of lower urinary tract disease in cats with idiopathic cystitis. The effects of feeding a therapeutic urinary stress diet were compared with feeding a non-therapeutic diet for a duration of 5 weeks. The owners selected themselves which food to feed their cat. Of 31 cats with acute non-obstructive idiopathic cystitis, 17 were fed the test food and 14 the control food. An episode of recurrence was defined as a minimum of one day with at least two clinical signs; i.e. stranguria, periuria, haematuria, dysuria and pollakiuria. The number of cats fed the therapeutic urinary stress diet that had an episode of recurrence (5/17) was significantly lower compared with cats that were fed other commercial diets (11/14). The formulation of the foods fed to the participating cats (dry, moist or a combination of both) was not found significant compared with the recurrence of idiopathic cystitis. Apart from type of diet, no other risk factors affected the short-term recurrence of FIC. A prospective clinical trial is needed to confirm these findings.

SUBMITTER: Naarden B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7036317 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The effect of a therapeutic urinary stress diet on the short-term recurrence of feline idiopathic cystitis.

Naarden Blanche B Corbee Ronald J RJ

Veterinary medicine and science 20190918 1

The aim of this cohort study was to evaluate the effect of a therapeutic urinary stress diet on recurrent clinical signs of lower urinary tract disease in cats with idiopathic cystitis. The effects of feeding a therapeutic urinary stress diet were compared with feeding a non-therapeutic diet for a duration of 5 weeks. The owners selected themselves which food to feed their cat. Of 31 cats with acute non-obstructive idiopathic cystitis, 17 were fed the test food and 14 the control food. An episod ...[more]

PMID: 31532910

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Project description:A decade ago, when the Human Microbiome Project was starting, urinary tract (UT) was not included because the bladder and urine were considered to be sterile. Today, we are presented with evidence that healthy UT possesses native microbiota and any major event disrupting its "equilibrium" can impact the host also. This dysbiosis often leads to cystitis symptoms, which is the most frequent lower UT complaint, especially among women. Cystitis is one of the most common causes of antimicrobial drugs prescriptions in primary and secondary care and an important contributor to the problem of antimicrobial resistance. Despite this fact, we still have trouble distinguishing whether the primary cause of majority of cystitis cases is a single pathogen overgrowth, or a systemic disorder affecting entire UT microbiota. There are relatively few studies monitoring changes and dynamics of UT microbiota in cystitis patients, making this field of research still an unknown. In this study variations to the UT microbiota of cystitis patients were identified and microbial dynamics has been modeled. The microbial genetic profile of urine samples from 28 patients was analyzed by 16S rDNA Illumina sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. One patient with bacterial cystitis symptoms was prescribed therapy based on national guideline recommendations on antibacterial treatment of urinary tract infections (UTI) and UT microbiota change was monitored by 16S rDNA sequencing on 24 h basis during the entire therapy duration. The results of sequencing implied that a particular class of bacteria is associated with majority of cystitis cases in this study. The contributing role of this class of bacteria - Gammaproteobacteria, was further predicted by generalized Lotka-Volterra modeling (gLVM). Longitudinal microbiota insight obtained from a single patient under prescribed antimicrobial therapy revealed rapid and extensive changes in microbial composition and emphasized the need for current guidelines revision in regards to therapy duration. Models based on gLVM indicated protective role of two taxonomic classes of bacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidia class, which appear to actively suppress pathogen overgrowth.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Kidney stone disease is common in industrialized countries. Recently, it has attracted growing attention, because of its significant association with adverse renal outcomes, including end stage renal disease. Calcium-containing kidney stones are frequent with high recurrence rates. While hypercalciuria is a well-known risk factor, restricted intake of animal protein and sodium, combined with normal dietary calcium, has been shown to be more effective in stone prevention compared with a low-calcium diet. Notably, the average sodium intake in Switzerland is twice as high as the WHO recommendation, while the intake of milk and dairy products is low. METHODS:We retrospectively analyzed Swiss recurrent kidney stone formers (rKSF) to test the impact of a low-sodium in combination with a low-calcium diet on the urinary risk profile. In patients with recurrent calcium oxalate containing stones, we investigated both, the consequence of a low-sodium diet on urinary volume and calcium excretion, and the influence of a low-sodium low-calcium diet on urinary oxalate excretion. RESULTS:Of the 169 patients with CaOx stones, 49 presented with hypercalciuria at baseline. The diet resulted in a highly significant reduction in 24-h urinary sodium and calcium excretion: from 201?±?89 at baseline to 128?±?88 mmol/d for sodium (p?<?0.0001), and from 5.67?±?3.01 to 4.06?±?2.46 mmol/d (p?<?0.0001) for calcium, respectively. Urine volume remained unchanged. Notably, no increase in oxalate excretion occurred on the restricted diet (0.39?±?0.26 vs 0.39?±?0.19 mmol/d, p?=?0.277). Calculated Psf (probability of stone formation) values were only predictive for the risk of calcium phosphate stones. CONCLUSION:A diet low in sodium and calcium in recurrent calcium oxalate stone formers resulted in a significant reduction of urinary calcium excretion, but no change in urine volume. In this population with apparently low intake of dairy products, calcium restriction does not necessarily result in increased urinary oxalate excretion. However, based on previous studies, we recommend a normal dietary calcium intake to avoid a potential increase in urinary oxalate excretion and unfavorable effects on bone metabolism in hypercalciuric KSFs.

Project description:Abstract Objectives Dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a group of compounds formed by the Maillard reaction. Carboxymethyl-lysine (CML), a marker of AGEs in foods, may contribute to cardiometabolic diseases. However, CML health effects and its absorption and excretion in healthy individuals remained controversial. For this reason, the aim of this study was to evaluate serum and urinary excretion CML levels in healthy adults after a short-term diet high in CML. Methods A randomized clinical trial was conducted in 30 healthy adults (18–35 years old). After signing the informed consent, subjects were randomly assigned to a low or a high CML diet. All participant followed a diet with low CML content for seven days (washing period) before the 5-days intervention. During the 5 days participants received all the foods according to their group. Blood and 24-hour urine samples were collected before and after the intervention to evaluate serum and urinary CML levels. CML measurement in foods, serum, and urine was carried out by HPLC-ESI-ITMS/MS. Comparison between groups was carried out by a t-test. The research was approved by the Institutional Review Board and the clinical trial registration number NCT03208946. Results Biochemical and anthropometric variables were similar between groups (P > 0.05). The average consumption of CML was 1.93 ± 1.47 mg/day for the low CML diet and 5.03 ± 2.22 mg/day for the high CML diet, whereas caloric, protein and fat intake were similar. Serum levels decreased significantly in both groups (low diet: basal 488.1 ± 135.4 μg/L, final 383.2 ± 78.6 μg/L (P = 0.007)) (high diet: basal 463.5 ± 90.3 μg/L, final 390.3 ± 99.1 μg/L (P = 0.02)). No significant difference was found when comparing the final CML levels between groups (P = 0.47). The excretion of CML in urine was adjusted by creatinine (mg) and the high CML group had a greater excretion (4.5 ± 8.0 ug CML/mg) when compared to the low CML group (−1.5 ± 7.2 ug CML/mg) (P = 0.04). Conclusions A high CML diet increases urinary CML excretion levels in healthy adults when compared to a low CML diet. There were no significant differences in serum CML levels between both groups. However, a greater decrease was observed in the subjects who followed a diet with a low content of AGEs. Funding Sources University of Guanajuato. CONACYT.

Project description:Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a debilitating chronic disease of unknown etiology. A naturally occurring disease termed feline interstitial cystitis (FIC) reproduces many features of IC/BPS patients. To gain insights into mechanisms underlying IC/BPS, we investigated pathological changes in the lamina propria (LP) of the bladder and proximal urethra in cats with FIC, using histological and molecular methods. Compared to control cat tissue, we found an increased number of de-granulated mast cells, accumulation of leukocytes, increased cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 expression in the bladder LP, and increased COX-2 expression in the urethra LP from cats with FIC. We also found increased suburothelial proliferation, evidenced by mucosal von Brunn's nests, neovascularization and alterations in elastin content. Scanning electron microscopy revealed normal appearance of the superficial urethral epithelium, including the neuroendocrine cells (termed paraneurons), in FIC urethrae. Together, these histological findings suggest the presence of chronic inflammation of unknown origin leading to tissue remodeling. Since the mucosa functions as part of a "sensory network" and urothelial cells, nerves and other cells in the LP are influenced by the composition of the underlying tissues including the vasculature, the changes observed in the present study may alter the communication of sensory information between different cellular components. This type of mucosal signaling can also extend to the urethra, where recent evidence has revealed that the urethral epithelium is likely to be part of a signaling system involving paraneurons and sensory nerves. Taken together, our data suggest a more prominent role for chronic inflammation and tissue remodeling than previously thought, which may result in alterations in mucosal signaling within the urinary bladder and proximal urethra that may contribute to altered sensations and pain in cats and humans with this syndrome.

Dataset Information

The effect of a therapeutic urinary stress diet on the short-term recurrence of feline idiopathic cystitis.

Publications

The effect of a therapeutic urinary stress diet on the short-term recurrence of feline idiopathic cystitis.

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