Macular Ganglion Cell-Inner Plexiform Layer Thickness Prediction from Red-free Fundus Photography using Hybrid Deep Learning Model.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Lee J
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7039950 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:To investigate macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) thickness in glaucomatous eyes with visible localized retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defects on stereophotographs.112 healthy and 149 glaucomatous eyes from the Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma Study (DIGS) and the African Descent and Glaucoma Evaluation Study (ADAGES) subjects had standard automated perimetry (SAP), optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging of the macula and optic nerve head, and stereoscopic optic disc photography. Masked observers identified localized RNFL defects by grading of stereophotographs.47 eyes had visible localized RNFL defects on stereophotographs. Eyes with visible localized RNFL defects had significantly thinner mGCIPL thickness compared to healthy eyes (68.3 ± 11.4 ?m versus 79.2 ± 6.6 ?m respectively, P<0.001) and similar mGCIPL thickness to glaucomatous eyes without localized RNFL defects (68.6 ± 11.2 ?m, P = 1.000). The average mGCIPL thickness in eyes with RNFL defects was 14% less than similarly aged healthy controls. For 29 eyes with a visible RNFL defect in just one hemiretina (superior or inferior) mGCIPL was thinnest in the same hemiretina in 26 eyes (90%). Eyes with inferior-temporal RNFL defects also had significantly thinner inferior-temporal mGCIPL (P<0.001) and inferior mGCIPL (P = 0.030) compared to glaucomatous eyes without a visible RNFL defect.The current study indicates that presence of a localized RNFL defect is likely to indicate significant macular damage, particularly in the region of the macular that topographically corresponds to the location of the RNFL defect.
| S-EPMC4990273 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background/aimsTo investigate the patterns of retinal ganglion cell damage at different stages of glaucoma, using the circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macula ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thicknesses.MethodsIn 296 eyes of 296 glaucoma patients and 55 eyes of 55 healthy controls, the correlations of mean deviation (MD) with the superior and inferior quadrant RNFL/GCIPL thickness (defined as the average of three superior and inferior sectors, resp.) were analyzed.ResultsIn early to moderate glaucoma, most of the RNFL/GCIPL thicknesses had significant positive correlations with the MD. In advanced glaucoma, the superior GCIPL thickness showed the highest correlation with MD (r = 0.495), followed by the superior RNFL (r = 0.452) (all; P < 0.05). The correlation coefficient of the inferior RNFL thickness with MD (r < 0.471) was significantly stronger in early to moderate glaucoma compared to that in advanced glaucoma (r = 0.192; P < 0.001). In contrast, the correlations of the superior GCIPL thickness with MD (r = 0.452) in advanced glaucoma was significantly stronger compared to that in early to moderate glaucoma (r = 0.159; P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe most preserved region in advanced glaucoma appears to be the superior macular GCIPL, whereas the most vulnerable region for initial glaucoma is the inferior RNFL around the optic disc.
| S-EPMC5572589 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Purpose. To investigate the effect of uneventful cataract surgery on macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGC-IPL) thickness in glaucoma patients. Methods. This retrospective study included 65 eyes of 65 subjects who underwent uneventful cataract surgery, including 13 glaucoma eyes and 52 normal eyes. Using spectral domain optical coherence tomography, the mGC-IPL thickness was measured and compared between glaucoma and normal eyes preoperatively as well as 1 month and 3 months postoperatively. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with postoperative change in mGC-IPL thickness. Results. The mean mGC-IPL significantly increased in both groups 1 month and 3 months after surgery (all P values equal to or less than 0.001). The postoperative changes between groups were not significantly different (P = 0.171). In the multivariate regression analysis, preoperative mGC-IPL thickness showed a significant association with the change of average mGC-IPL thickness 1 month and 3 months after surgery (all P values < 0.001). Conclusions. The mean mGC-IPL thickness was increased after cataract surgery, and the postoperative mGC-IPL thickness changes were associated with preoperative mGC-IPL thickness in both groups and axial length in normal eye. The effects of cataract surgery on mean mGC-IPL thickness were not different in glaucomatous and normal eyes.
| S-EPMC5214588 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTo describe the distribution of ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness among Chinese young adults and report whether the decreased GCIPL thickness is associated with myopia.MethodsIn this study, we included Chinese young adults who underwent Cirrus spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). SD-OCT was used to measure average and minimum GCIPL thickness, and GCIPL thickness at all sectors. Subfoveal choroidal thickness (CT), axial length (AL), and spherical equivalents (SE) were also measured.ResultsA total of 348 eyes were included in the analysis. Average GCIPL thickness showed a significant difference between myopes and emmetropes, with 87.89 ± 3.65 μm for emmetropic groups and 82.65 ± 4.96 μm for myopic groups. The GCIPL thickness was significantly thinner in myopia than in emmetropia at all locations (P < 0.05), affirming that myopia was associated with thinner GCIPL thickness (P = 0.001). The mean subfoveal CT also showed a significant difference between myopes and emmetropes, with 330.57 ± 9.43 μm for emmetropic groups and 265.98 ± 4.12 μm for myopic groups. GCIPL (OR 0.863, 95% CI, 0.785-0.949), AL (OR 2.499, 95% CI, 1.532-4.075) and intraocular pressure (IOP) (OR 1.250, 95% CI, 1.086-1.438) revealed significant associations with myopia. When adjusting for AL, IOP, and anterior chamber depth (ACD) in the myopia subgroup, the GCIPL thickness remained positively associated.ConclusionsIn a specific Chinese young population, myopic eyes have measurably less macular GCIPL thickness than normal eyes. Decreasing GCIPL thickness may be associated with the progression of myopia.
| S-EPMC8026982 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We aimed to evaluate methods of extracting optical coherence tomography (OCT)-derived macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness measurements over retinal locations corresponding to standard visual field (VF) test grids. A custom algorithm was developed to automatically extract GCIPL thickness measurements from locations corresponding to Humphrey Field Analyser 10-2 and 30-2 test grids over Goldmann II, III and V stimulus sizes from a healthy cohort of 478 participants. Differences between GCIPL thickness measurements based on VF test grids (VF-based paradigms) and the 8 × 8 grid, as per instrument review software, were analyzed, as were impacts of fovea to optic disc tilt and areas over which GCIPL thickness measurements were extracted. Significant differences between the VF-based paradigms and the 8 × 8 grid were observed at up to 55% of locations across the macula, with the greatest deviations at the fovea (median 25.5 μm, 95% CI 25.24-25.72 μm, P < .0001). While significant correlations with fovea to optic disc tilt were noted at up to 33% of locations distributed 6°-8° from the foveal center, there were no marked differences in GCIPL thickness measurements between VF-based paradigms using different stimulus sizes. As such, standard high-density OCT measurement paradigms do not adequately reflect GCIPL measurements at retinal locations tested with standard VF patterns, with the central macular region contributing most to the observed differences and with further correction required for fovea to optic disc tilt. Spatial direction of GCIPL thickness measurements will improve future comparisons of structure and function, thereby improving methods designed to detect pathology affecting the inner retina.
| S-EPMC7595126 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundNeurodegenerative diseases are public health challenges in aging populations. Early identification of people at risk for neurodegeneration might improve targeted treatment. Noninvasive, inexpensive screening tools are lacking but are of great potential. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) measures the thickness of nerve cell layers in the retina, which is an anatomical extension of the brain and might be indicative of common underlying neurodegeneration. We aimed to determine the association of macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) thickness with cognitive and sensorineural function in midlife.MethodThis cross-sectional study included 1,880 Beaver Dam Offspring Study participants (aged 27-93 years, mean 58) who participated in the 10-year follow-up examination. We assessed cognitive function and impairment, hearing sensitivity thresholds and impairment, central auditory processing, visual impairment, and olfactory impairment. We measured mGCIPL using the Cirrus 5000 HD-OCT Macular Cube Scan. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders were used to determine associations between mGCIPL thickness and cognitive and sensorineural functions, as well as for comparing participants with a thin mGCIPL (1 SD below average) to the remainder in those functions.ResultsThinner mGCIPL was associated with worse cognitive function, worse central auditory function, and visual impairment. We found an association of mGCIPL thickness with hearing sensitivity in women only and no association with impairment in hearing, olfaction, and cognition. Results on the thin group comparisons were consistent.ConclusionsmGCIPL thickness is associated with cognitive and sensorineural function and has the potential as a marker for neurodegeneration in middle-aged adults.
| S-EPMC7494039 | biostudies-literature
Project description:To evaluate macular retinal ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness after vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for idiopathic macular holes using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).Eighteen eyes of 18 patients with unilateral idiopathic macular hole who underwent vitrectomy with ILM peeling were retrospectively analyzed. Healthy fellow eyes of the patients and 18 eyes of 18 age-matched healthy individuals constituted the control group. The patients were evaluated at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after surgery. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) measurements, biomicroscopic examination findings and SD-OCT measurements were recorded. Ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness was evaluated with ganglion cell analysis software of Cirrus HD-OCT before surgery and at 1 month and 3 months after surgery and compared with control groups. Presence of dissociated optic nerve fiber layer (DONFL) was evaluated with C-scan mode.Of the 18 patients, 9 were male and 9 were female with a mean age of 65.6±5.6 (55-77) years. Preoperative BCVA was 0.75±0.19 logMAR, while it was 0.44±0.17 logMAR and 0.36±0.15 logMAR at postoperative 1 and 3 months, respectively (p<0.001). Postoperative mean GCIPL thickness was 66.33±17.28 µm. There was a correlation between mean GCIPL thickness and BCVA at postoperative 3 months (p<0.01). When compared with the control group, GCIPL thickness was significantly thinner in all quadrants of all patients at postoperative 3 months. Dissociated optic nerve fiber layer appearance was observed on C-scan in 13 of 18 eyes postoperatively. There was no correlation between the presence of DONFL and BCVA (p>0.05).Internal limiting membrane peeling during macular hole surgery may cause functional and/or structural changes that may be associated with visual acuity. Significant GCIPL thinning and DONLF appearance may occur postoperatively.
| S-EPMC5468526 | biostudies-other
Project description:ImportanceThe neural retina is considered a unique window to systemic health, but its biological link with systemic health remains unknown.ObjectiveTo investigate the independent associations of retinal ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness (GCIPLT) metabolic profiles with rates of mortality and morbidity of common diseases.Design, setting, and participantsThis cohort study evaluated UK Biobank participants enrolled between 2006 and 2010, and prospectively followed them up for multidisease diagnosis and mortality. Additional participants from the Guangzhou Diabetes Eye Study (GDES) underwent optical coherence tomography scanning and metabolomic profiling and were included for validation.Main outcomes and measuresSystematic analysis of circulating plasma metabolites to identify GCIPLT metabolic profiles; prospective associations of these profiles with mortality and morbidity of 6 common diseases with their incremental discriminative value and clinical utility.ResultsAmong 93 838 community-based participants (51 182 [54.5%] women), the mean (SD) age was 56.7 (8.1) years and mean (SD) follow-up was 12.3 (0.8) years. Of 249 metabolic metrics, 37 were independently associated with GCIPLT, including 8 positive and 29 negative associations, and most were associated with the rates of future mortality and common diseases. These metabolic profiles significantly improved the models for discriminating type 2 diabetes over clinical indicators (C statistic: 0.862; 95% CI, 0.852-0.872 vs clinical indicators only, 0.803; 95% CI, 0.792-0.814; P < .001), myocardial infarction (0.792; 95% CI, 0.775-0.808 vs 0.768; 95% CI, 0.751-0.786; P < .001), heart failure (0.803; 95% CI, 0.786-0.820 vs 0.790; 95% CI, 0.773-0.807; P < .001), stroke (0.739; 95% CI, 0.714-0.764 vs 0.719; 95% CI, 0.693-0.745; P < .001), all-cause mortality (0.747; 95% CI, 0.734-0.760 vs 0.724; 95% CI, 0.711-0.738; P < .001), and cardiovascular disease mortality (0.790; 95% CI, 0.767-0.812 vs 0.763; 95% CI, 0.739-0.788; P < .001). Additionally, the potential of GCIPLT metabolic profiles for risk stratification of cardiovascular diseases were further confirmed in the GDES cohort using a different metabolomic approach.Conclusions and relevanceIn this prospective study of multinational participants, GCIPLT-associated metabolites demonstrated the potential to inform mortality and morbidity risks. Incorporating information on these profiles may facilitate individualized risk stratification for these health outcomes.
| S-EPMC10189567 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Introduction:Thinning of optical coherence tomography-measured retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) thickness has been found in patients with Alzheimer's disease. However, the association of these retinal markers and cognition in nondemented elders may not be linear. Methods:This cross-sectional study included 227 community-dwelling elders (age 65+ years). Multivariable regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between retinal nerve fiber layer/GC-IPL and global/domain-specific cognition. Results:The performance of global cognition decreased as mean GC-IPL of bilateral eyes deviated from the sample mean (77.5 ?m) (quadratic GC-IPL: ? = -0.49 × 10-2; 95% confidence interval: -0.74 × 10-2 to -0.23 × 10-2). Similar associations were also found for logical memory. No significant association was observed between retinal nerve fiber layer and cognition. Discussion:Either thinning or thickening of GC-IPL was associated with poor cognition in nondemented elderly (a U-shaped association). GC-IPL may serve as a noninvasive preclinical predictor of Alzheimer's disease.
| S-EPMC6297049 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTo compare peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) thickness measurements obtained with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and swept-source OCT (SS-OCT) using an OCT-angiography scanning protocol, and their ability to distinguish among patients with glaucoma, glaucoma suspects (GS), and healthy controls (HC).MethodsCross-sectional study of 196 eyes (81 glaucoma, 48 GS, and 67 HC) of 119 participants. Participants underwent peripapillary and macular OCT with SD-OCT and SS-OCT. Parameters of interest were average and sector-wise pRNFL and mGCIPL thickness. Inter-device agreement was investigated with Bland-Altman statistics. Conversion formulas were developed with linear regression. Diagnostic performances were evaluated with area under the receiver operating characteristic curves.ResultsBoth SD-OCT and SS-OCT detected a significant pRNFL and mGCIPL thinning in glaucoma patients compared to HC and GS for almost all study sectors. A strong linear relationship between the two devices was present for all quadrants/sectors (R2 ≥ 0.81, P < 0.001), except for the nasal (R2 = 0.49, P < 0.001) and temporal (R2 = 0.62, P < 0.001) pRNFL quadrants. SD-OCT and SS-OCT measurements had a proportional bias, which could be removed with conversion formulas. Overall, the two devices showed similar diagnostic abilities.ConclusionsThickness values obtained with SD-OCT and SS-OCT are not directly interchangeable but potentially interconvertible. Both devices have a similar ability to discriminate glaucoma patients from GS and healthy subjects.Translational relevanceOCT-Angiography scans can be reliably used to obtain structural metrics in glaucoma patients.
| S-EPMC9251790 | biostudies-literature