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Association between dietary calcium intake and BMD in children and adolescents.

ABSTRACT: AIM:Ensuring adequate calcium (Ca) intake during childhood and adolescence is critical to acquire good peak bone mass to prevent osteoporosis during older age. As one of the primary strategies to build and maintain healthy bones, we aimed to determine whether dietary Ca intake has an influence on bone mineral density (BMD) in children and adolescents. METHODS:We conducted a cross-sectional study composed of 10,092 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Dietary Ca intake and total BMD were as independent and dependent variables, respectively. To evaluate the association between them, we conducted weighted multivariate linear regression models and smooth curve fittings. RESULTS:There was a significantly positive association between dietary Ca intake and total BMD. The strongest association was observed in 12-15y whites, 8-11y and 16-19y Mexican Americans, and 16-19y other race/ethnicity, in whom each quintile of calcium intake was increased. We also found there were significant inflection points in females, blacks, and 12-15y adolescents group, which means that their total BMD would decrease when the dietary Ca intake was more than 2.6-2.8 g/d. CONCLUSIONS:This cross-sectional study indicated that a considerable proportion of children and adolescents aged 8-19 years would attain greater total BMD if they increased their dietary calcium intake. However, higher dietary calcium intake (more than 2.6-2.8 g/d) is associated with lower total BMD in females, blacks, and 12-15y adolescents group.

SUBMITTER: Pan K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7040863 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Association between dietary calcium intake and BMD in children and adolescents.

Pan Kaiyu K Zhang Chengyue C Yao Xiaocong X Zhu Zhongxin Z

Endocrine connections 20200101

<h4>Aim</h4>Ensuring adequate calcium (Ca) intake during childhood and adolescence is critical to acquire good peak bone mass to prevent osteoporosis during older age. As one of the primary strategies to build and maintain healthy bones, we aimed to determine whether dietary Ca intake has an influence on bone mineral density (BMD) in children and adolescents.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a cross-sectional study composed of 10,092 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surv ...[more]

PMID: 31990673

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Project description:BackgroundConsistent evidence shows that magnesium (Mg) intake is associated with lower blood pressure (BP), and that lower BP is associated with improved cerebral health. However, recent findings indicate that the positive effect of dietary Mg intake on cerebral health is not mediated by a decrease in BP. As Mg's anti-inflammatory action is a plausible alternative mechanism, the objective of this study was to investigate the associations between Mg intake and inflammation to determine whether it mediates any neuroprotective effect.MethodsParticipants from the UK Biobank (n = 5775, aged 40-73 years, 54.7% female) were assessed for dietary magnesium using an online food questionnaire, brain and white matter lesion (WML) volumes were segmented with FreeSurfer software, and inflammation markers including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), leukocyte, erythrocyte count, and Glycoprotein acetylation (GlycA) were measured using specific laboratory techniques such as immunoturbidimetry, automated cell counting, and nuclear magnetic resonance. Hierarchical linear regression models were performed to investigate the association between dietary Mg, and inflammatory markers and between dietary Mg, brain and WMLs volumes. Mediation analysis was performed to test a possible mediation role of inflammation on the association between dietary Mg and brain and WMLs volumes.ResultsHigher dietary Mg intake was associated with lower inflammation: hs-CRP level (- 0.0497%; 95% confidence interval [CI] - 0.0497%, - 0.0199%) leukocytes count (- 0.0015%; 95%CI - 0.00151%, - 0.0011%), and GlycA (- 0.0519%; 95%CI - 0.1298%, - 0.0129%). Moreover, higher dietary Mg intake was associated with larger grey matter volume (0.010%; 95%CI 0.004%, 0.017%), white matter volume (0.012%; 95%CI 0.003, 0.022) and right hippocampal volume (0.002%; 95%CI 0.0007, -0.0025%). Lower hs-CRP levels mediated the positive association between higher dietary Mg intake and larger grey matter volume.ConclusionsThe anti-inflammatory effects of dietary Mg intake in the general population, appears to mediate its neuroprotective effect.

Project description:BackgroundPreeclampsia is a well-known cause of maternal mortality and morbidity in Ethiopia. The exact pathophysiology has not been fully understood. Calcium and magnesium deficiencies have been given emphasis to play roles in the pathophysiology. Although evidence is abundant, they are equivocal. The study aimed to see the association of dietary calcium intake, serum total calcium level and ionized calcium level with preeclampsia. It also evaluated the association between dietary calcium intake and serum calcium levels.Materials and methodsAn unmatched case-control study was conducted in Gandhi Memorial, Tikur Anbessa, and Zewditu Memorial Hospitals, all in Addis Ababa, between October to December, 2019. Cases were 42 women with preeclampsia and controls were 42 normotensive women. The medical and obstetric history was gathered using a structured questionnaire and the dietary calcium intake information using a 24-h dietary recall. The serum levels of total serum calcium and ionized (free) calcium were measured using an inductively coupled mass spectrophotometer. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression and Pearson correlation test were utilized during data analysis.ResultsIn comparison with controls, women with preeclampsia had lower mean (± 1SD) levels of ionized calcium level (1.1 mmol/l ± 0.11), total serum calcium level (1.99 mmol/l ± 0.35) and lower median (IQR) dietary calcium intake (704 mg/24 h,458-1183). The odds of having preeclampsia was almost eight times greater in those participants with low serum ionized calcium level (OR 7.5, 95% CI 2.388-23.608) and three times higher in those with low total serum calcium level (OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.024-9.370). Low dietary calcium intake also showed statistically significant association with preeclampsia (OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.092 -10.723). Serum ionized calcium level and total serum calcium level showed positive correlation of moderate strength (p = 0.004, r = 0.307), but no correlation was found between dietary calcium intake with both forms of serum calcium levels.ConclusionThis study showed significant association between low dietary calcium intake and low serum calcium levels with preeclampsia, hence this can be used as a supportive local evidence for the current context-specific recommendation of calcium supplementation in societies with low-dietary calcium consumption in an attempt to prevent preeclampsia, therefore implementation study should be considered in Ethiopia to look for the feasibility of routine supplementation.

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Association between dietary calcium intake and BMD in children and adolescents.

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Association between dietary calcium intake and BMD in children and adolescents.

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