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Association between dietary calcium intake and BMD in children and adolescents.

ABSTRACT: AIM:Ensuring adequate calcium (Ca) intake during childhood and adolescence is critical to acquire good peak bone mass to prevent osteoporosis during older age. As one of the primary strategies to build and maintain healthy bones, we aimed to determine whether dietary Ca intake has an influence on bone mineral density (BMD) in children and adolescents. METHODS:We conducted a cross-sectional study composed of 10,092 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Dietary Ca intake and total BMD were as independent and dependent variables, respectively. To evaluate the association between them, we conducted weighted multivariate linear regression models and smooth curve fittings. RESULTS:There was a significantly positive association between dietary Ca intake and total BMD. The strongest association was observed in 12-15y whites, 8-11y and 16-19y Mexican Americans, and 16-19y other race/ethnicity, in whom each quintile of calcium intake was increased. We also found there were significant inflection points in females, blacks, and 12-15y adolescents group, which means that their total BMD would decrease when the dietary Ca intake was more than 2.6-2.8 g/d. CONCLUSIONS:This cross-sectional study indicated that a considerable proportion of children and adolescents aged 8-19 years would attain greater total BMD if they increased their dietary calcium intake. However, higher dietary calcium intake (more than 2.6-2.8 g/d) is associated with lower total BMD in females, blacks, and 12-15y adolescents group.

SUBMITTER: Pan K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7040863 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Association between dietary calcium intake and BMD in children and adolescents.

Pan Kaiyu K Zhang Chengyue C Yao Xiaocong X Zhu Zhongxin Z

Endocrine connections 20200101

<h4>Aim</h4>Ensuring adequate calcium (Ca) intake during childhood and adolescence is critical to acquire good peak bone mass to prevent osteoporosis during older age. As one of the primary strategies to build and maintain healthy bones, we aimed to determine whether dietary Ca intake has an influence on bone mineral density (BMD) in children and adolescents.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a cross-sectional study composed of 10,092 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surv ...[more]

PMID: 31990673

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Project description:BackgroundPreeclampsia is a well-known cause of maternal mortality and morbidity in Ethiopia. The exact pathophysiology has not been fully understood. Calcium and magnesium deficiencies have been given emphasis to play roles in the pathophysiology. Although evidence is abundant, they are equivocal. The study aimed to see the association of dietary calcium intake, serum total calcium level and ionized calcium level with preeclampsia. It also evaluated the association between dietary calcium intake and serum calcium levels.Materials and methodsAn unmatched case-control study was conducted in Gandhi Memorial, Tikur Anbessa, and Zewditu Memorial Hospitals, all in Addis Ababa, between October to December, 2019. Cases were 42 women with preeclampsia and controls were 42 normotensive women. The medical and obstetric history was gathered using a structured questionnaire and the dietary calcium intake information using a 24-h dietary recall. The serum levels of total serum calcium and ionized (free) calcium were measured using an inductively coupled mass spectrophotometer. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression and Pearson correlation test were utilized during data analysis.ResultsIn comparison with controls, women with preeclampsia had lower mean (± 1SD) levels of ionized calcium level (1.1 mmol/l ± 0.11), total serum calcium level (1.99 mmol/l ± 0.35) and lower median (IQR) dietary calcium intake (704 mg/24 h,458-1183). The odds of having preeclampsia was almost eight times greater in those participants with low serum ionized calcium level (OR 7.5, 95% CI 2.388-23.608) and three times higher in those with low total serum calcium level (OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.024-9.370). Low dietary calcium intake also showed statistically significant association with preeclampsia (OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.092 -10.723). Serum ionized calcium level and total serum calcium level showed positive correlation of moderate strength (p = 0.004, r = 0.307), but no correlation was found between dietary calcium intake with both forms of serum calcium levels.ConclusionThis study showed significant association between low dietary calcium intake and low serum calcium levels with preeclampsia, hence this can be used as a supportive local evidence for the current context-specific recommendation of calcium supplementation in societies with low-dietary calcium consumption in an attempt to prevent preeclampsia, therefore implementation study should be considered in Ethiopia to look for the feasibility of routine supplementation.

Project description:ImportanceThere is growing interest in the role of nutrition in the pathogenesis and progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).ObjectiveTo evaluate the associations between nutrients, individually and in groups, and ALS function and respiratory function at diagnosis.Design, setting, and participantsA cross-sectional baseline analysis of the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Multicenter Cohort Study of Oxidative Stress study was conducted from March 14, 2008, to February 27, 2013, at 16 ALS clinics throughout the United States among 302 patients with ALS symptom duration of 18 months or less.ExposuresNutrient intake, measured using a modified Block Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ).Main outcomes and measuresAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis function, measured using the ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R), and respiratory function, measured using percentage of predicted forced vital capacity (FVC).ResultsBaseline data were available on 302 patients with ALS (median age, 63.2 years [interquartile range, 55.5-68.0 years]; 178 men and 124 women). Regression analysis of nutrients found that higher intakes of antioxidants and carotenes from vegetables were associated with higher ALSFRS-R scores or percentage FVC. Empirically weighted indices using the weighted quantile sum regression method of "good" micronutrients and "good" food groups were positively associated with ALSFRS-R scores (β [SE], 2.7 [0.69] and 2.9 [0.9], respectively) and percentage FVC (β [SE], 12.1 [2.8] and 11.5 [3.4], respectively) (all P < .001). Positive and significant associations with ALSFRS-R scores (β [SE], 1.5 [0.61]; P = .02) and percentage FVC (β [SE], 5.2 [2.2]; P = .02) for selected vitamins were found in exploratory analyses.Conclusions and relevanceAntioxidants, carotenes, fruits, and vegetables were associated with higher ALS function at baseline by regression of nutrient indices and weighted quantile sum regression analysis. We also demonstrated the usefulness of the weighted quantile sum regression method in the evaluation of diet. Those responsible for nutritional care of the patient with ALS should consider promoting fruit and vegetable intake since they are high in antioxidants and carotenes.

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Association between dietary calcium intake and BMD in children and adolescents.

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Association between dietary calcium intake and BMD in children and adolescents.

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