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Trade-offs between multifunctionality and profit in tropical smallholder landscapes.


ABSTRACT: Land-use transitions can enhance the livelihoods of smallholder farmers but potential economic-ecological trade-offs remain poorly understood. Here, we present an interdisciplinary study of the environmental, social and economic consequences of land-use transitions in a tropical smallholder landscape on Sumatra, Indonesia. We find widespread biodiversity-profit trade-offs resulting from land-use transitions from forest and agroforestry systems to rubber and oil palm monocultures, for 26,894 aboveground and belowground species and whole-ecosystem multidiversity. Despite variation between ecosystem functions, profit gains come at the expense of ecosystem multifunctionality, indicating far-reaching ecosystem deterioration. We identify landscape compositions that can mitigate trade-offs under optimal land-use allocation but also show that intensive monocultures always lead to higher profits. These findings suggest that, to reduce losses in biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, changes in economic incentive structures through well-designed policies are urgently needed.

SUBMITTER: Grass I 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7055322 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Trade-offs between multifunctionality and profit in tropical smallholder landscapes.

Grass Ingo I   Kubitza Christoph C   Krishna Vijesh V VV   Corre Marife D MD   Mußhoff Oliver O   Pütz Peter P   Drescher Jochen J   Rembold Katja K   Ariyanti Eka Sulpin ES   Barnes Andrew D AD   Brinkmann Nicole N   Brose Ulrich U   Brümmer Bernhard B   Buchori Damayanti D   Daniel Rolf R   Darras Kevin F A KFA   Faust Heiko H   Fehrmann Lutz L   Hein Jonas J   Hennings Nina N   Hidayat Purnama P   Hölscher Dirk D   Jochum Malte M   Knohl Alexander A   Kotowska Martyna M MM   Krashevska Valentyna V   Kreft Holger H   Leuschner Christoph C   Lobite Neil Jun S NJS   Panjaitan Rawati R   Polle Andrea A   Potapov Anton M AM   Purnama Edwine E   Qaim Matin M   Röll Alexander A   Scheu Stefan S   Schneider Dominik D   Tjoa Aiyen A   Tscharntke Teja T   Veldkamp Edzo E   Wollni Meike M  

Nature communications 20200304 1


Land-use transitions can enhance the livelihoods of smallholder farmers but potential economic-ecological trade-offs remain poorly understood. Here, we present an interdisciplinary study of the environmental, social and economic consequences of land-use transitions in a tropical smallholder landscape on Sumatra, Indonesia. We find widespread biodiversity-profit trade-offs resulting from land-use transitions from forest and agroforestry systems to rubber and oil palm monocultures, for 26,894 abov  ...[more]

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