Dataset Information

Facile Coating of Urea With Low-Dose ZnO Nanoparticles Promotes Wheat Performance and Enhances Zn Uptake Under Drought Stress.

ABSTRACT: Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) hold promise as novel fertilizer nutrients for crops. However, their ultra-small size could hinder large-scale field application due to potential for drift, untimely dissolution or aggregation. In this study, urea was coated with ZnO-NPs (1%) or bulk ZnO (2%) and evaluated in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in a greenhouse, under drought (40% field moisture capacity; FMC) and non-drought (80% FMC) conditions, in comparison with urea not coated with ZnO (control), and urea with separate ZnO-NP (1%) or bulk ZnO (2%) amendment. Plants were exposed to ? 2.17 mg/kg ZnO-NPs and ? 4.34 mg/kg bulk-ZnO, indicating exposure to a higher rate of Zn from the bulk ZnO. ZnO-NPs and bulk-ZnO showed similar urea coating efficiencies of 74-75%. Drought significantly (p ? 0.05) increased time to panicle initiation, reduced grain yield, and inhibited uptake of Zn, nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P). Under drought, ZnO-NPs significantly reduced average time to panicle initiation by 5 days, irrespective of coating, and relative to the control. In contrast, bulk ZnO did not affect time to panicle initiation. Compared to the control, grain yield increased significantly, 51 or 39%, with ZnO-NP-coated or uncoated urea. Yield increases from bulk-ZnO-coated or uncoated urea were insignificant, compared to both the control and the ZnO-NP treatments. Plant uptake of Zn increased by 24 or 8% with coated or uncoated ZnO-NPs; and by 78 or 10% with coated or uncoated bulk-ZnO. Under non-drought conditions, Zn treatment did not significantly reduce panicle initiation time, except with uncoated bulk-ZnO. Relative to the control, ZnO-NPs (irrespective of coating) significantly increased grain yield; and coated ZnO-NPs enhanced Zn uptake significantly. Zn fertilization did not significantly affect N and P uptake, regardless of particle size or coating. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that coating urea with ZnO-NPs enhances plant performance and Zn accumulation, thus potentiating field-scale deployment of nano-scale micronutrients. Notably, lower Zn inputs from ZnO-NPs enhanced crop productivity, comparable to higher inputs from bulk-ZnO. This highlights a key benefit of nanofertilizers: a reduction of nutrient inputs into agriculture without yield penalities.

SUBMITTER: Dimkpa CO

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7055539 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Facile Coating of Urea With Low-Dose ZnO Nanoparticles Promotes Wheat Performance and Enhances Zn Uptake Under Drought Stress.

Dimkpa Christian O CO Andrews Joshua J Fugice Job J Singh Upendra U Bindraban Prem S PS Elmer Wade H WH Gardea-Torresdey Jorge L JL White Jason C JC

Frontiers in plant science 20200226

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) hold promise as novel fertilizer nutrients for crops. However, their ultra-small size could hinder large-scale field application due to potential for drift, untimely dissolution or aggregation. In this study, urea was coated with ZnO-NPs (1%) or bulk ZnO (2%) and evaluated in wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) in a greenhouse, under drought (40% field moisture capacity; FMC) and non-drought (80% FMC) conditions, in comparison with urea not coated with ZnO (con ...[more]

PMID: 32174943

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Project description:Zinc (Zn) availability is limited in salt-affected soils due to high soil pH and calcium concentrations causing Zn fixation. The application of synthetic Zn fertilizer is usually discouraged due to the high cost and low Zn use efficiency. However, salt-tolerant Zn-solubilizing bacteria (ZSB) are capable of solubilizing fixed fractions of Zn and improving fertilizer use efficiency. In the current study, a product was formulated by coating urea with bioaugmented zinc oxide (ZnO) to improve wheat productivity under a saline environment. The promising ZSB strain Bacillus sp. AZ6 was used for bioaugmentation on ZnO powder and termed as Bacillus sp. AZ6-augmented ZnO (BAZ). The experiment was conducted in pots by applying urea granules after coating with BAZ, to evaluate its effects on wheat physiology, antioxidant activity, and productivity under saline (100 mM NaCl) and non-saline (0 mM NaCl) conditions. The results revealed that the application of BAZ-coated urea alleviated salt stress through improving the seed germination, plant height, root length, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, soil plant analysis development (SPAD) value, number of tillers and grains, spike length, spike weight, 1000-grain weight, antioxidant activity (APX, GPX, GST, GR, CAT, and SOD), and NPK contents in the straw and grains of the wheat plants. Moreover, it also enhanced the Zn contents in the shoots and grains of wheat by up to 29.1 and 16.5%, respectively, over absolute control, under saline conditions. The relationships and variation among all the studied morpho-physio and biochemical attributes of wheat were also studied by principal component (PC) and correlation analysis. Hence, the application of such potential products may enhance nutrient availability and Zn uptake in wheat under salt stress. Therefore, the current study suggests the application of BAZ-coated urea for enhancing wheat's physiology, antioxidant system, nutrient efficiency, and productivity effectively and economically.

Project description:Purpose: To examine the gene expression within the spinach root tissues as a response to exposure to nanoparticles. Methods: Sequenced reads were processed using CLC Genomics Workbench 7.0. The reads were trimmed based on quality, length and ambiguity. Resulting reads were assembled into transcript assemblies. Sequence reads were mapped back to the constructed transcriptome. TAs were BLAST searched against a local blast database of coding sequences of Arabidopsis thaliana. Statistical analysis was performed using Baggerley’s test. Transcript assemblies were tested for gene enrichment using GO annotations and the functional categories were determined. MapMan was used to visualize gene expression data of TAs and study the biological pathways. Results: De novo assembly of the trimmed reads yielded 147,733 Transcript Assemblies (TA) with an average length of 645 bp. Largest TA was 16,379 bp. Approximately 89% of the quality trimmed reads from the different samples mapped successfully to the assembly reference. Gene expression data for spinach TAs homologous to Arabidopsis genes show upregulation of protein degradation pathways in the nano-ZnO treatment compared to the non-nanoZnO, this upregulation is coupled with a down regulation of the genes in the protein synthesis pathways crucial role in the spinach plant responses to ZnO nanoparticle exposure. Genes associated (REDOX, signaling and transcription factors) with responses to stresses (both abiotic and biotic) were upregulated upon exposure to ZnO nanoparticles. Additionally genes in biosynthesis pathways of jasmonate and gibberellins genes were up-regulated upon exposure to ZnO nanoparticles in spinach. Conclusions: A de novo transcriptome was developed for spinach. When spinach plants were exposed to ZnO nanoparticles, they seem to sense the nanoparticles similarly to external chemicals or pathogens and induced production of reactive oxygen species. Hormone signaling pathways were activated leading to the induced expression of hormones with different roles in defense.

Dataset Information

Facile Coating of Urea With Low-Dose ZnO Nanoparticles Promotes Wheat Performance and Enhances Zn Uptake Under Drought Stress.

Publications

Facile Coating of Urea With Low-Dose ZnO Nanoparticles Promotes Wheat Performance and Enhances Zn Uptake Under Drought Stress.

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