Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

21 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Response and mechanisms of resistance to larotrectinib and selitrectinib in metastatic undifferentiated sarcoma harboring oncogenic fusion of NTRK1.

ABSTRACT:

SUBMITTER: Hemming ML

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7055910 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Similar Datasets

Durable Clinical Response to Larotrectinib in an Adolescent Patient With an Undifferentiated Sarcoma Harboring an STRN-NTRK2 Fusion.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC7446438 | biostudies-literature

A primary undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of the lumbosacral region harboring a LMNA-NTRK1 gene fusion with durable clinical response to crizotinib: a case report.

Project description:High-grade spindle cell sarcomas are a subtype of rare, undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas (UPSs) for which diagnosis is difficult and no specific treatment strategies have been established. The limited published data on UPSs suggest an aggressive clinical course, high rates of local recurrence and distant metastasis, and poor prognosis.Here we present the unusual case of a 45-year-old male patient with a lumbosacral UPS extending into the sacrum. An initial diagnosis of a low-grade malignant spindle cell tumor was based on a tumor core biopsy. After complete extensive resection, the diagnosis of an UPS of the lumbosacral region was confirmed by excluding other types of cancers. Despite treatment with neoadjuvant radiotherapy, extensive resection, and adjuvant chemotherapy, the patient presented with multiple pulmonary metastases 3 months after surgery. The patient then began treatment with crizotinib at an oral dose of 450 mg per day, based on the detection of a LMNA-NTRK1 fusion gene in the tumor by next-generation sequencing. Over 18 months of follow-up through July 2018, the patient maintained a near-complete clinical response to crizotinib.The LMNA-NTRK1 fusion was likely the molecular driver of tumorigenesis and metastasis in this patient, and the observed effectiveness of crizotinib treatment provides clinical validation of this molecular target. Molecular and cytogenetic evaluations are critical to accurate prognosis and treatment planning in cases of UPS, especially when treatment options are limited or otherwise exhausted. Molecularly targeted therapy of these rare but aggressive lesions represents a novel treatment option that may lead to fewer toxic side effects and better clinical outcomes.

| S-EPMC6106902 | biostudies-other

Refractory and metastatic infantile fibrosarcoma harboring LMNA-NTRK1 fusion shows complete and durable response to crizotinib.

Project description:Infantile fibrosarcoma (IFS) is a rare soft-tissue sarcoma, which classically presents as an aggressive and rapidly enlarging tumor over the distal extremities of children in their first year of life. The presence of ETV6 and NTRK3 gene rearrangement is characteristic of IFS, which can be detected on routine fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) testing. Patients with IFS typically respond well to surgical resection and chemotherapy and have an overall survival of ∼90%. In this report, we outline the use of integrative clinical sequencing (ICS) including RNA-seq in a patient with refractory, metastatic IFS to reveal an unusual fusion (LMNA-NTRK1), not detected by routine FISH testing, which was treated with oral crizotinib and resulted in a complete and durable long-term response. This study highlights the utility of ICS in identifying cryptic gene fusions, especially in refractory malignancies, and demonstrates how such information can be used to select targeted therapies in patients with actionable molecular alterations.

| S-EPMC6371745 | biostudies-literature

Current therapeutic landscape and resistance mechanisms to larotrectinib.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC10845932 | biostudies-literature

NTRK1 fusion in glioblastoma multiforme.

Project description:Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive form of brain tumor, yet with no targeted therapy with substantial survival benefit. Recent studies on solid tumors showed that fusion genes often play driver roles and are promising targets for pharmaceutical intervention. To survey potential fusion genes in GBMs, we analysed RNA-Seq data from 162 GBM patients available through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and found that 3' exons of neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 1 (NTRK1, encoding TrkA) are fused to 5' exons of the genes that are highly expressed in neuronal tissues, neurofascin (NFASC) and brevican (BCAN). The fusions preserved both the transmembrane and kinase domains of NTRK1 in frame. NTRK1 is a mediator of the pro-survival signaling of nerve growth factor (NGF) and is a known oncogene, found commonly altered in human cancer. While GBMs largely lacked NTRK1 expression, the fusion-positive GBMs expressed fusion transcripts in high abundance, and showed elevated NTRK1-pathway activity. Lentiviral transduction of the NFASC-NTRK1 fusion gene in NIH 3T3 cells increased proliferation in vitro, colony formation in soft agar, and tumor formation in mice, suggesting the possibility that the fusion contributed to the initiation or maintenance of the fusion-positive GBMs, and therefore may be a rational drug target.

| S-EPMC3960150 | biostudies-literature

Sensitivity to Entrectinib Associated With a Novel LMNA-NTRK1 Gene Fusion in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Project description:In metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC), actionable genetic lesions represent potential clinical opportunities. NTRK1, 2, and 3 gene rearrangements encode oncogenic fusions of the tropomyosin-receptor kinase (TRK) family of receptor tyrosine kinases in different tumor types. The TPM3-NTRK1 rearrangement is a recurring event in CRC that renders tumors sensitive to TRKA kinase inhibitors in preclinical models. We identified abnormal expression of the TRKA protein in tumor and liver metastases of a CRC patient refractory to standard therapy. Molecular characterization unveiled a novel LMNA-NTRK1 rearrangement within chromosome 1 with oncogenic potential, and the patient was treated with the pan-TRK inhibitor entrectinib, achieving partial response with decrease in hepatic target lesions from 6.8 and 8.2cm in longest diameter to 4.7 and 4.3cm, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first clinical evidence of efficacy for therapeutic inhibition of TRKA in a solid tumor, illuminating a genomic-driven strategy to identify CRCs reliant on this oncogene to be clinically targeted with entrectinib.

| S-EPMC4712682 | biostudies-literature

Novel MXD4-NUTM1 fusion transcript identified in primary ovarian undifferentiated small round cell sarcoma.

Project description:Primary ovarian sarcomas are extremely rare tumors, and their genomic and transcriptomic alterations remain to be elucidated. We performed whole exome sequencing of primary tumor and matched normal blood samples derived from one patient with ovarian undifferentiated small round cell sarcoma. We identified 8 nonsynonymous somatic mutations, and all mutations were missense or nonsense changes. Next, we performed RNA sequencing of the tumor sample and identified two in-frame fusion transcripts: MXD4-NUTM1 and ARL6-POT1. Most NUTM1 exons were retained in the MXD4-NUTM1 fusion transcript, and we confirmed an increase in NUTM1 mRNA and protein expression in tumor tissue. Further genomic and transcriptomic analyses might lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies based on the molecular characteristics of ovarian undifferentiated small round cell sarcoma.

| S-EPMC6221051 | biostudies-literature

Complete response to larotrectinib treatment in a patient with papillary thyroid cancer harboring an <i>ETV6-NTRK3</i> gene fusion.

Project description:Larotrectinib, a highly selective TRK inhibitor, was administered to a patient with rapidly progressing radioactive iodine-refractory papillary NTRK3 fusion-positive thyroid cancer. The patient achieved a durable (sustained for 11 months) complete response after 2 months of treatment and complete intracranial responses in metastatic brain lesions after 7 months of treatment. Larotrectinib may provide a therapeutic route for patients with RAI-R-differentiated thyroid cancer who might otherwise have few treatment options.

| S-EPMC8077291 | biostudies-literature

Genetic analyses of undifferentiated small round cell sarcoma identifies a novel sarcoma subtype with a recurrent CRTC1-SS18 gene fusion.

Project description:In recent years, undifferentiated small round cell sarcomas (USRCSs) have been divided into a variety of new, rare, sarcoma subtypes, including the group of Ewing-like sarcomas, which have the morphological appearance of Ewing sarcomas, but carry CIC-DUX4, BCOR-CCNB3 and other gene fusions different from the classic EWSR1-ETS gene fusion. Using high-throughput RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses, we identified a novel recurrent gene fusion, CRTC1-SS18, in two cases of USRCS that lacked any known translocation. RNA-seq results were confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, long-range polymerase chain reaction, and fluorescence in situ hybridization. In vitro, we showed that the cells expressing the gene fusion were morphologically distinct and had enhanced oncogenic potential as compared with control cells. Expression profile comparisons with tumours of other sarcoma subtypes demonstrated that both cases clustered close to EWSR1-CREB1-positive tumours. Moreover, these analyses indicated enhanced NTRK1 expression in CRTC1-SS18-positive tumours. We conclude that the novel gene fusion identified in this study adds a new subtype to the USRCSs with unique gene signatures, and may be of therapeutic relevance. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

| S-EPMC7988498 | biostudies-literature

Recurrent Acute Myocardial Infarction Caused by Intra-cardiac Metastatic Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma during Cancer Treatment.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC5881083 | biostudies-literature