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Maternal employment and childhood overweight in low- and middle-income countries.


ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association between maternal employment and childhood overweight in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Design/Setting We utilized cross-sectional data from forty-five Demographic and Health Surveys from 2010 to 2016 (n 268 763). Mothers were categorized as formally employed, informally employed or non-employed. We used country-specific logistic regression models to investigate the association between maternal employment and childhood overweight (BMI Z-score>2) and assessed heterogeneity in the association by maternal education with the inclusion of an interaction term. We used meta-analysis to pool the associations across countries. Sensitivity analyses included modelling BMI Z-score and normal weight (weight-for-age Z-score?-2 to <2) as outcomes. SUBJECTS:Participants included children 0-5 years old and their mothers (aged 18-49 years). RESULTS:In most countries, neither formal nor informal employment was associated with childhood overweight. However, children of employed mothers, compared with children of non-employed mothers, had higher BMI Z-score and higher odds of normal weight. In countries where the association varied by education, children of formally employed women with high education, compared with children of non-employed women with high education, had higher odds of overweight (pooled OR=1·2; 95 % CI 1·0, 1·4). CONCLUSIONS:We find no clear association between employment and child overweight. However, maternal employment is associated with a modestly higher BMI Z-score and normal weight, suggesting that employment is currently associated with beneficial effects on children's weight status in most LMIC.

SUBMITTER: Oddo VM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7059352 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Maternal employment and childhood overweight in low- and middle-income countries.

Oddo Vanessa M VM   Mueller Noel T NT   Pollack Keshia M KM   Surkan Pamela J PJ   Bleich Sara N SN   Jones-Smith Jessica C JC  

Public health nutrition 20170804 14


<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate the association between maternal employment and childhood overweight in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Design/Setting We utilized cross-sectional data from forty-five Demographic and Health Surveys from 2010 to 2016 (n 268 763). Mothers were categorized as formally employed, informally employed or non-employed. We used country-specific logistic regression models to investigate the association between maternal employment and childhood overweight (BMI Z-s  ...[more]

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