Dataset Information

Social Support and Suicidal Ideation Among Prisoners with Major Depressive Disorder.

ABSTRACT: This study explored the impact of social support on suicidal ideation in 169 prisoners with major depressive disorder, accounting for known demographic, criminological, and clinical risk factors. Greater social support was associated with a lower likelihood of the presence of current suicide ideation. This effect remained significant even after adjusting for other significant predictors of suicide ideation including sex, length of sentence served, severity of current depression, and having prior suicide attempts. This study is the first to explore social support and other known risk factors for suicide ideation in a prison population with major depressive disorder. Our findings demonstrate that, even in the presence of significant risk factors for suicidal ideation, social support remained a strong predictor, suggesting the importance of fostering social support in correctional settings.

SUBMITTER: Richie FJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7067664 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan-Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Social Support and Suicidal Ideation Among Prisoners with Major Depressive Disorder.

Richie Fallon J FJ Bonner Joseph J Wittenborn Andrea A Weinstock Lauren M LM Zlotnick Caron C Johnson Jennifer E JE

Archives of suicide research : official journal of the International Academy for Suicide Research 20190913 1

This study explored the impact of social support on suicidal ideation in 169 prisoners with major depressive disorder, accounting for known demographic, criminological, and clinical risk factors. Greater social support was associated with a lower likelihood of the presence of current suicide ideation. This effect remained significant even after adjusting for other significant predictors of suicide ideation including sex, length of sentence served, severity of current depression, and having prior ...[more]

PMID: 31369343

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Project description:Major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicidal behavior have been associated with structural and functional changes in the brain. However, little is known regarding alterations of brain networks in MDD patients with suicidal ideation. We investigated whether or not MDD patients with suicidal ideation have different topological organizations of white matter networks compared with MDD patients without suicidal ideation. Participants consisted of 24 patients with MDD and suicidal ideation, 25 age- and gender-matched MDD patients without suicidal ideation and 31 healthy subjects. A network-based statistics (NBS) and a graph theoretical analysis were performed to assess differences in the inter-regional connectivity. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was performed to assess topological changes according to suicidal ideation in MDD patients. The Scale for Suicide Ideation (SSI) and the Korean version of the Barrett Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) were used to assess the severity of suicidal ideation and impulsivity, respectively. Reduced structural connectivity in a characterized subnetwork was found in patients with MDD and suicidal ideation by utilizing NBS analysis. The subnetwork included the regions of the frontosubcortical circuits and the regions involved in executive function in the left hemisphere (rostral middle frontal, pallidum, superior parietal, frontal pole, caudate, putamen and thalamus). The graph theoretical analysis demonstrated that network measures of the left rostral middle frontal had a significant positive correlation with severity of SSI (r=0.59, P=0.02) and BIS (r=0.59, P=0.01). The total edge strength that was significantly associated with suicidal ideation did not differ between MDD patients without suicidal ideation and healthy subjects. Our findings suggest that the reduced frontosubcortical circuit of structural connectivity, which includes regions associated with executive function and impulsivity, appears to have a role in the emergence of suicidal ideation in MDD patients.

Project description:ObjectiveSuicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) in children are an escalating public health concern. This study focused on 1 understudied candidate risk factor, namely, preschool-onset major depressive disorder (PO-MDD), as a predictor of persistent and emerging STBs from early childhood into preadolescence.MethodParticipants were 137 children 8 to 12 years of age who met criteria for PO-MDD when they were 3 to 6 years of age, and a nondepressed sample of 53 age-, income-, and sex-matched peers. STBs were reported by caregivers (preschool, preadolescence) and children (preadolescence) using age-appropriate diagnostic interviews.ResultsBy preadolescence, children who had PO-MDD were 7.38 times more likely than their peers to have endorsed STBs after early childhood (p < .001; 67.9% vs 22.6%), including 6.71 times more likely to have engaged in suicide behaviors/attempts (p = .012; 21.9% vs 3.8%); they were also 8.98 times more likely to have endorsed STBs over the prior month (p = .005; 26.3% vs 3.8%). Similar findings emerged when limiting the PO-MDD group to children without preschool STBs, and when controlling for externalizing comorbidities, implicating PO-MDD as a unique diagnostic predictive risk factor. However, children who had PO-MDD with STBs were 3.46 times more likely than children who had PO-MDD without STBs to endorse later STBs (p = .018; 83.1% vs 54.2%), indicating substantial continuity of preschool STBs alongside strikingly high rates of emerging STBs into preadolescence.Plain language summaryThis longitudinal study explores preschool onset major depressive disorder (PO-MDD) as a predictor of having suicidal thoughts or attempting suicide by age 12. 137 children aged 8 to 12 years who met criteria for PO-MDD when they were 3 to 6 years of age and 53 non-depressed peers were included in the study. The study found that preadolescents who had experienced preschool-onset depression were 6.14 times more likely to experience active suicidal thoughts and 8.03 times more likely to have made a suicide attempt by age 12 when compared to preadolescents who did not experience preschool depression. Results suggest that children with preschool-onset depression would likely benefit from increased suicide screening, proactive safety planning and early interventions.ConclusionPO-MDD is a strong risk factor for the emergence and persistence of STBs into preadolescence. Children with PO-MDD would likely benefit from increased suicide screening, proactive safety planning, and early interventions.

Dataset Information

Social Support and Suicidal Ideation Among Prisoners with Major Depressive Disorder.

Publications

Social Support and Suicidal Ideation Among Prisoners with Major Depressive Disorder.

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