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Molecular Diversity of ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli from Foods of Animal Origin and Human Patients.

ABSTRACT: Dissemination of enterobacteria that produce extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) throughout the food chain has become an important health concern. This work aimed to evaluate the occurrence of ESBL-producing bacteria in foods of animal origin and to investigate the similarities between food and human isolates. The presence of beta-lactam-resistant Enterobacteriaceae was analyzed in 108 food samples, isolating 10 strains of Escherichia coli, one strain of Citrobacter freundi, and one of Hafnia alvei. E. coli isolates were compared to a group of 15 strains isolated from human patients by antibiotic susceptibility testing, characterization of ESBL genes (blaTEM, blaCTX,), multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Nineteen (14 clinical and five food) isolates carried blaCTX, 14 (six clinical and eight food) carried blaTEM, and three (one clinical and two food) carried blaSHV gen. MLST analysis revealed the prevalence of ST131 among the clinical strains, which grouped together in a PFGE cluster. Food isolates showed higher diversity and two of them (ST57) grouped with clinical strains, whereas another two belonged to clonal groups with virulence potential (ST59). In conclusion, the results showed that foods of animal origin must be regarded as a reservoir of ESBL-producing bacteria of clinical relevance, which might spread through the food chain.

SUBMITTER: Alegria A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7068493 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Molecular Diversity of ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli from Foods of Animal Origin and Human Patients.

Alegría Ángel Á Arias-Temprano Marta M Fernández-Natal Isabel I Rodríguez-Calleja Jose M JM García-López María-Luisa ML Santos Jesús A JA

International journal of environmental research and public health 20200218 4

Dissemination of enterobacteria that produce extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) throughout the food chain has become an important health concern. This work aimed to evaluate the occurrence of ESBL-producing bacteria in foods of animal origin and to investigate the similarities between food and human isolates. The presence of beta-lactam-resistant Enterobacteriaceae was analyzed in 108 food samples, isolating 10 strains of Escherichia coli, one strain of Citrobacter freundi, and ...[more]

PMID: 32085569

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Project description:BackgroundEscherichia coli carrying clinically important antimicrobial resistances [i.e., against extended-spectrum-beta-lactamases (ESBL)] are of high concern for human health and are increasingly detected worldwide. Worryingly, they are often identified as multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates, frequently including resistances against quinolones/fluoroquinolones.ResultsHere, the occurrence and genetic basis of the fluoroquinolone resistance enhancing determinant qnrB in ESBL-/non-ESBL-producing E. coli was investigated. Overall, 33 qnrB-carrying isolates out of the annual German antimicrobial resistance (AMR) monitoring on commensal E. coli (incl. ESBL-/AmpC-producing E. coli) recovered from food and livestock between 2013 and 2018 were analysed in detail. Whole-genome sequencing, bioinformatics analyses and transferability evaluation was conducted to characterise the prevailing qnrB-associated plasmids. Furthermore, predominant qnrB-carrying plasmid-types were subjected to in silico genome reconstruction analysis. In general, the qnrB-carrying E. coli were found to be highly heterogenic in their multilocus sequence types (STs) and their phenotypic resistance profiles. Most of them appeared to be MDR and exhibited resistances against up to ten antimicrobials of different classes. With respect to qnrB-carrying plasmids, we found qnrB19 located on small Col440I plasmids to be most widespread among ESBL-producing E. coli from German livestock and food. This Col440I plasmid-type was found to be highly conserved by exhibiting qnrB19, a pspF operon and different genes of unassigned function. Furthermore, we detected plasmids of the incompatibility groups IncN and IncH as carriers of qnrB. All qnrB-carrying plasmids also exhibited virulence factors and various insertion sequences (IS). The majority of the qnrB-carrying plasmids were determined to be self-transmissible, indicating their possible contribution to the spread of resistances against (fluoro)quinolones and other antimicrobials.ConclusionIn this study, a diversity of different plasmid types carrying qnrB alone or in combination with other resistance determinants (i.e., beta-lactamase genes) were found. The spread of these plasmids, especially those carrying antimicrobial resistance genes against highest priority critically important antimicrobial agents, is highly unfavourable and can pose a threat for public health. Therefore, the dissemination pathways and evolution of these plasmids need to be further monitored.

Project description:IntroductionInfectious diarrhoea particularly due to pathogenic bacteria is a major health problem in developing countries, including India. Despite significant reports of diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) pathotypes around the globe, studies which address genetic relatedness, antibiogram profile and their correlation with respect to their isolation from different sources are sparse. The present study determines isolation and identification of DEC pathotypes from different sources, their genetic characterisation, antibiogram profile and their correlation if any.Materials and methodsA total of 336 samples comprising diarrhoeic stool samples from infants (n=103), young animal (n=106), foods (n=68) and associated environmental sources (n=59) were collected from Bareilly region of India. All the samples were screened by using standard microbiological methods for the detection of E. coli. The identified E. coli were then confirmed as DEC pathotypes using polymerase chain reaction-based assays. Those DEC pathotypes identified as Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) were further confirmed using HEp-2 adherence assay. All the isolated DEC pathotypes were studied for their genetic diversity using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by using disc diffusion method as per Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.Results and discussionOf the four DEC pathotypes investigated, EAEC was found to be the predominant pathogen with an isolation rate of 16.5% from infants, 17.9% from young animals, 16.2% from foods and 3.4% from the associated environmental sources. These EAEC isolates, on further characterisation, revealed predominance of 'atypical' EAEC, with an isolation rate of 10.7% from infants, 15.1% from young animals, 16.2% from foods, and 3.4% from the associated environmental sources. On PFGE analysis, discrimination was evident within DEC pathotypes as 52 unique pulsotypes were observed for 59 recovered DEC pathotypes. However, a few EAEC isolates were found to be clonal (clusters A, B, C, D, F, G, and H) irrespective of their source of isolation, suggests sharing and/or circulation among different sources. Further, a high antibiotic resistance pattern was observed among isolated DEC pathotypes as almost 86.4% of isolates were found to be resistant against ≥3 tested drugs.

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Molecular Diversity of ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli from Foods of Animal Origin and Human Patients.

Publications

Molecular Diversity of ESBL-Producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> from Foods of Animal Origin and Human Patients.

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