A program of exercise, brain training, and lecture to prevent cognitive decline.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Kouzuki M
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7085994 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundInadequate oxygenation may cause lesions and brain atrophy during aging. Studies show a positive association between pulmonary function and the cognitive performance of individuals from middle age on.ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of aerobic physical exercises and respiratory training on the blood oxygenation, pulmonary functions, and cognition of the elderly.DesignThis was a randomized and controlled trial with three parallel groups. A total of 195 community-dwelling elderly were assessed for eligibility; only n=102 were included and allocated into the three groups, but after 6 months, n=68 were analyzed in the final sample. Participants were randomized into a social interaction group (the control group), an aerobic exercise group (the "walking" group), or a respiratory training group (the "breathing" group). The main outcome measures were the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Wechsler Memory Scale, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, respiratory muscular strength, cirtometry (thoracic-abdominal circumference); oxygen saturation in arterial blood (SpO2), and hemogram.ResultsNo differences were observed for any of the blood parameters. Aerobic exercise and respiratory training were effective in improving the pulmonary parameters. Better cognitive performance was observed for the breathing group as regards abstraction and mental flexibility. The walking group remained stable in the cognitive performance of most of the tests, except attention. The control group presented worst performance in mental manipulation of information, abstraction, mental flexibility, and attention.ConclusionOur results showed that both the walking and breathing groups presented improvement of pulmonary function. However, only the breathing group showed improved cognitive function (abstraction, mental flexibility). The improvement in cognitive functions cannot be explained by blood parameters, such as SpO2, erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit.
| S-EPMC4374650 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This project aims to study the change of brain protein lactylation under treadmill exercise training
2024-06-21 | PXD053340 | iProX
Project description:OBJECTIVE:To examine cognitive function in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) prior to and after participation in an aerobic exercise training program. DESIGN:Pre-post intervention study. SETTING:Medical research center. PARTICIPANTS:Volunteer sample of individuals (N=7) (age, 33.3±7.9y) with chronic nonpenetrating TBI (injury severity: 3=mild, 4=moderate; time since most current injury: 4.0±5.5y) who were ambulatory. INTERVENTION:Twelve weeks of supervised vigorous aerobic exercise training performed 3 times a week for 30 minutes on a treadmill. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Cognitive function was assessed using the Trail Making Test Part A (TMT-A), Trail Making Test Part B (TMT-B), and Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Sleep quality and depression were measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Beck Depression Inventory, version 2 (BDI-II). Indices of cardiorespiratory fitness were used to examine the relation between improvements in cognitive function and cardiorespiratory fitness. RESULTS:After training, improvements in cognitive function were observed with greater scores on the TMT-A (10.3±6.8; P=.007), TMT-B (9.6±7.0; P=.011), and RBANS total scale (13.3±9.3; P=.009). No changes were observed in measures of the PSQI and BDI-II. The magnitude of cognitive improvements was also strongly related to the gains in cardiorespiratory fitness. CONCLUSIONS:These findings suggest that vigorous aerobic exercise training may improve specific aspects of cognitive function in individuals with TBI and cardiorespiratory fitness gains may be a determinant of these improvements.
| S-EPMC4380661 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Introduction:Cognitive decline is common and increases mortality risk in hemodialysis patients. Intradialytic interventions like cognitive training (CT) and exercise training (ET) may preserve cognitive function. Methods:We conducted a pilot randomized controlled trial of 20 hemodialysis patients to study the impact of 3 months of intradialytic CT (tablet-based brain games) (n = 7), ET (foot peddlers) (n = 6), or standard of care (SC) (n = 7) on cognitive function. Global cognitive function was measured by the Modified Mini Mental Status Exam (3MS), psychomotor speed was measured by Trail Making Tests A and B (TMTA and TMTB), and executive function was assessed by subtracting (TMTB - TMTA). Lower 3MS scores and slower TMTA and TMTB times reflected worse cognitive function. P values for differences were generated using analysis of variance, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and P values were generated from linear regression. Results:Patients with SC experienced a decrease in psychomotor speed and executive function by 3 months (TMTA: 15 seconds; P = 0.055; TMTB: 47.4 seconds; P = 0.006; TMTB - TMTA; 31.7 seconds; P = 0.052); this decline was not seen among those with CT or ET (all P > 0.05). Compared with SC, the difference in the mean change in 3MS score was -3.29 points (95% CI: -11.70 to 5.12; P = 0.42) for CT and 4.48 points (95% CI: -4.27 to 13.22; P = 0.30) for ET. Compared with SC, the difference in mean change for TMTA was -15.13 seconds (95% CI: -37.64 to 7.39; P = 0.17) for CT and -17.48 seconds (95% CI: -41.18 to 6.22; P = 0.14) for ET, for TMTB, the difference was -46.72 seconds (95% CI: -91.12 to -2.31; P = 0.04) for CT and -56.21 seconds (95% CI: -105.86 to -6.56; P = 0.03) for ET, and for TMTB - TMTA, the difference was -30.88 seconds (95% CI: -76.05 to 14.28; P = 0.16) for CT and -34.93 seconds (95% CI: -85.43 to 15.56; P = 0.16) for ET. Conclusion:Preliminary findings of our pilot study suggested that cognitive decline in psychomotor speed and executive function is possibly prevented by intradialytic CT and ET. These preliminary pilot findings should be replicated.
| S-EPMC5762950 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundSubjective cognitive decline (SCD) is an early manifestation of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and offers a therapeutic window where interventions have strong potential to prevent or delay the progression of AD. Aerobic exercise and cognitive training represent two promising interventions for AD prevention, but their synergistic effect has yet to be assessed in persons with SCD.Methods/designThe purpose of this single-blinded, 3-parallel group randomized controlled trial is to test the synergistic efficacy of an exergame intervention (simultaneous moderate-intensity aerobic cycling and cognitive training) on cognition and aerobic fitness in community-dwelling older adults with SCD. The Exergames Study will randomize 96 participants on a 2:1:1 allocation ratio to 3-month exergame, cycling only, or attention control (stretching). Primary outcomes include global cognition and aerobic fitness, which will be assessed at baseline and after 3 months. The specific aims of the Exergames Study are to (1) determine the efficacy of the exergame in older adults with SCD and (2) assess the distraction effect of exergame on aerobic fitness. Data will be analyzed using ANOVA following intention-to-treat.DiscussionThis study will test the synergistic effects of exergame on cognition and aerobic fitness. It has the potential to advance prevention research for AD by providing effect-size estimates for future trials.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04311736 . Registered on 17 March 2020.
| S-EPMC7788690 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The loss of cognitive function is a pervasive and often debilitating feature of the aging process for which there are no effective therapeutics. We hypothesized that a novel metal chaperone (PBT2; Prana Biotechnology, Parkville, Victoria, Australia) would enhance cognition in aged rodents. We show here that PBT2 rapidly improves the performance of aged C57Bl/6 mice in the Morris water maze, concomitant with increases in dendritic spine density, hippocampal neuron number and markers of neurogenesis. There were also increased levels of specific glutamate receptors (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid and N-methyl-D-aspartate), the glutamate transporter (VGLUT1) and glutamate itself. Markers of synaptic plasticity [calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and phosphorylated CaMKII, CREB, synaptophysin] were also increased following PBT2 treatment. We also demonstrate that PBT2 treatment results in a subregion-specific increase in hippocampal zinc, which is increasingly recognized as a potent neuromodulator. These data demonstrate that metal chaperones are a novel approach to the treatment of age-related cognitive decline.
| S-EPMC4331782 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Aerobic exercise (AE) has recently received increasing attention in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD). There is some evidence that it can improve neurocognitive function in elderly individuals. However, the mechanism of these improvements is not completely understood. In this prospective clinical trial, thirty amnestic mild cognitive impairment participants were enrolled into two groups and underwent 12 months of intervention. One group (n = 15) performed AE training (8M/7F, age = 66.4 years), whereas the other (n = 15) performed stretch training (8M/7F, age = 66.1 years) as a control intervention. Both groups performed 25-30 minutes training, 3 times per week. Frequency and duration were gradually increased over time. Twelve-month AE training improved cardiorespiratory fitness (p = 0.04) and memory function (p = 0.004). Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured at pre- and post-training using pseudo-continuous-arterial-spin-labeling MRI. Relative to the stretch group, the AE group displayed a training-related increase in CBF in the anterior cingulate cortex (p = 0.016). Furthermore, across individuals, the extent of memory improvement was associated with CBF increases in anterior cingulate cortex and adjacent prefrontal cortex (voxel-wise p < 0.05). In contrast, AE resulted in a decrease in CBF of the posterior cingulate cortex, when compared to the stretch group (p = 0.01). These results suggest that salutary effects of AE in AD may be mediated by redistribution of blood flow and neural activity in AD-sensitive regions of brain.
| S-EPMC8062932 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We test the idea that peripheral cellular senescence is a major driver of age-related cognitive impairment, such that treatment with the brain impermeable senolytic, ABT-263, can preserve cognition and markers of brain aging thought to underlie cognitive decline. Male F344 rats were treated from 12-18 months of age with quercetin + dasatinib or ABT-263 or vehicle and were compared to young (6 month). Senolytic treatments had similar effects in decreasing peripheral markers of senescence and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), including plasma levels of several cytokines, rescued memory and hippocampal synaptic transmission, and decreased expression of immune response genes in the dentate gyrus (DG). Across senolytic treatment groups, differential DG gene expression was observed for cellular senescence and pathways linked to senescence, including negative regulation of cell death, ribosomes, and microglial activation consistent with differential access of dasatinib and ABT-263 to the brain. Finally, both senolytic treatments preserved the blood-brain barrier suggesting that leakage of clinically significant amounts of ABT-263 into the brain is unlikely. The results indicate that preserved cognition was due to removal of peripheral senescent cells, decreasing systemic inflammation that normally drives neuroinflammation, BBB breakdown, and impaired synaptic function.
2023-06-07 | GSE220971 | GEO
Project description:IntroductionPatients with transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or stroke are at risk for cognitive impairment and dementia. Currently, there is no known effective strategy to prevent this cognitive decline. Increasing evidence exists that physical exercise is beneficial for cognitive function. However, in patients with TIA or stroke who are at risk of cognitive impairment and dementia, only a few trials have been conducted. In this study, we aim to investigate whether a physical exercise programme (MoveIT) can prevent cognitive decline in patients in the acute phase after a TIA or minor ischaemic stroke.Methods and analysisA single-blinded randomised controlled trial will be conducted to investigate the effect of an aerobic exercise programme on cognition compared with usual care. 120 adult patients with a TIA or minor ischaemic stroke less than 1 month ago will be randomly allocated to an exercise programme consisting of a 12-week aerobic exercise programme and regular follow-up visits to a specialised physiotherapist during the period of 1 year or to usual care. Outcome measures will be assessed at the baseline, and at the 1-year and 2-year follow-up. The primary outcome is cognitive functioning measured with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test and with additional neuropsychological tests. Secondary outcomes include maximal exercise capacity, self-reported physical activity and measures of secondary prevention.Ethics and disseminationThe study received ethical approval from the VU University Amsterdam Ethics committee (2011/383). The results of this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at international conferences. We will also disseminate the main results to our participants in a letter.Trial registration numberThe Nederlands Trial Register NTR3884.
| S-EPMC4281539 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Using a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) before a single bout of mechanical loading can reduce bone formation response. It is unknown whether this translates to an attenuation of bone strength and structural adaptations to exercise training. PURPOSE:This study aimed to determine whether nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use before exercise prevents increases in bone structure and strength in response to weight-bearing exercise. METHODS:Adult female Wistar rats (n = 43) were randomized to ibuprofen (IBU) or vehicle (VEH) and exercise (EX) or sedentary (SED) groups in a 2 × 2 (drug and activity) ANCOVA design with body weight as the covariate, and data are reported as mean ± SE. IBU drops (30 mg·kg BW) or VEH (volume equivalent) were administered orally 1 h before the bout of exercise. Treadmill running occurred 5 d·wk for 60 min·d at 20 m·min with a 5° incline for 12 wk. Micro-CT, mechanical testing, and finite element modeling were used to quantify bone characteristics. RESULTS:Drug-activity interactions were not significant. Exercise increased tibia cortical cross-sectional area (EX = 5.67 ± 0.10, SED = 5.37 ± 0.10 mm, P < 0.01) and structural estimates of bone strength (Imax: EX = 5.16 ± 0.18, SED = 4.70 ± 0.18 mm, P < 0.01; SecModPolar: EX = 4.01 ± 0.11, SED = 3.74 ± 0.10 mm, P < 0.01). EX had increased failure load (EX = 243 ± 9, SED = 202 ± 7 N, P < 0.05) and decreased distortion in response to a 200-N load (von Mises stress at tibia-fibula junction: EX = 48.2 ± 1.3, SED = 51.7 ± 1.2 MPa, P = 0.01). There was no effect of ibuprofen on any measurement tested. Femur results revealed similar patterns. CONCLUSION:Ibuprofen before exercise did not prevent the skeletal benefits of exercise in female rats. However, exercise that engenders higher bone strains may be required to detect an effect of ibuprofen.
| S-EPMC5392148 | biostudies-literature