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Reversible inhibitor of CRM1 sensitizes glioblastoma cells to radiation by blocking the NF-?B signaling pathway.

ABSTRACT: Background:Activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-??) through DNA damage is one of the causes of tumor cell resistance to radiotherapy. Chromosome region 1 (CRM1) regulates tumor cell proliferation, drug resistance, and radiation resistance by regulating the nuclear-cytoplasmic translocation of important tumor suppressor proteins or proto-oncoproteins. A large number of studies have reported that inhibition of CRM1 suppresses the activation of NF-??. Thus, we hypothesize that the reversible CRM1 inhibitor S109 may induce radiosensitivity in glioblastoma (GBM) by regulating the NF-?? signaling pathway. Methods:This study utilized the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), and colony formation assay to evaluate the effect of S109 combined with radiotherapy on the proliferation and survival of GBM cells. The therapeutic efficacy of S109 combined with radiotherapy was evaluated in vivo to explore the therapeutic mechanism of S109-induced GBM radiosensitization. Results:We found that S109 combined with radiotherapy significantly inhibited GBM cell proliferation and colony formation. By regulating the levels of multiple cell cycle- and apoptosis-related proteins, the combination therapy induced G1 cell cycle arrest in GBM cells. In vivo studies showed that S109 combined with radiotherapy significantly inhibited the growth of intracranial GBM and prolonged survival. Importantly, we found that S109 combined with radiotherapy promoted the nuclear accumulation of I???, and inhibited phosphorylation of p65 and the transcriptional activation of NF-??. Conclusion:Our findings provide a new therapeutic regimen for improving GBM radiosensitivity as well as a scientific basis for further clinical trials to evaluate this combination therapy.

SUBMITTER: Liu X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7106748 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Reversible inhibitor of CRM1 sensitizes glioblastoma cells to radiation by blocking the NF-κB signaling pathway.

Liu Xuejiao X Tu Yiming Y Wang Yifeng Y Zhou Di D Chong Yulong Y Shi Lin L Liu Guanzheng G Zhang Xu X Wu Sijin S Li Huan H Gao Shangfeng S Niu Mingshan M Yu Rutong R

Cancer cell international 20200330

<h4>Background</h4>Activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κΒ) through DNA damage is one of the causes of tumor cell resistance to radiotherapy. Chromosome region 1 (CRM1) regulates tumor cell proliferation, drug resistance, and radiation resistance by regulating the nuclear-cytoplasmic translocation of important tumor suppressor proteins or proto-oncoproteins. A large number of studies have reported that inhibition of CRM1 suppresses the activation of NF-κΒ. Thus, we hypothesize that the rever ...[more]

PMID: 32256206

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Project description:Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most lethal primary brain tumor with a poor median survival less than 15 months. Despite the development of the clinical strategies over the decades, the outcomes for GBM patients remain dismal due to the strong proliferation and invasion ability and the acquired resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Therefore, developing new biomarkers and therapeutic strategies targeting GBM is in urgent need. In this study, gene expression datasets and relevant clinical information were extracted from public cancers/glioma datasets, including TCGA, GRAVENDEEL, REMBRANDT, and GILL datasets. Differentially expressed genes were analyzed and NEK2 was picked as a candidate gene for subsequent validation. Human tissue samples and corresponding data were collected from our center and detected by immunohistochemistry analysis. Molecular biological assays and in vivo xenograft transplantation were performed to confirm the bioinformatic findings. High-throughput RNA sequencing, followed by KEGG analysis, GSEA analysis and GO analysis were conducted to identify potential signaling pathways related to NEK2 expression. Subsequent mechanism assays were used to verify the relationship between NEK2 and NF-κB signaling. Overall, we identified that NEK2 is significantly upregulated in GBM and the higher expression of NEK2 exhibited a poorer prognosis. Functionally, NEK2 knockdown attenuated cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumorigenesis of GBM while NEK2 overexpression promoted the GBM progression. Furthermore, High-throughput RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis indicated that NEK2 was positively related to the NF-κB signaling pathway in GBM. Mechanically, NEK2 activated the noncanonical NF-κB signaling pathway by phosphorylating NIK and increasing the activity and stability of NIK. In conclusion, NEK2 promoted the progression of GBM through activation of noncanonical NF-κB signaling, indicating that NEK2- NF-κB axis could be a potential drug target for GBM.

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Reversible inhibitor of CRM1 sensitizes glioblastoma cells to radiation by blocking the NF-?B signaling pathway.

Publications

Reversible inhibitor of CRM1 sensitizes glioblastoma cells to radiation by blocking the NF-κB signaling pathway.

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