Discovery, synthesis, and optimization of an N-alkoxy indolylacetamide against HIV-1 carrying NNRTI-resistant mutations from the Isatis indigotica root.

ABSTRACT: From an aqueous decoction of the traditional Chinese medicine "ban lan gen" (the Isatis indigotica root), an antiviral natural product CI - 39 was isolated as an NNRTI (non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor) (EC50 = 3.40 ?M). Its novel structure was determined as methyl (1-methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl)acetamidobenzoate by spectroscopic data and confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Through synthesis and structure-activity relationship (SAR) investigation of CI - 39 and 57 new derivatives (24 with EC50 values of 0.06-8.55 ?M), two optimized derivatives 10f and 10i (EC50: 0.06 ?M and 0.06 ?M) having activity comparable to that of NVP (EC50 = 0.03 ?M) were obtained. Further evaluation verified that 10f and 10i were RT DNA polymerase inhibitors and exhibited better activities and drug resistance folds compared to NVP against seven NNRTI-resistant strains carrying different mutations. Especially, 10i (EC50 = 0.43 ?M) was more active to the L100I/K103N double-mutant strain as compared to both NVP (EC50 = 0.76 ?M) and EFV (EC50 = 1.08 ?M). The molecular docking demonstrated a possible binding pattern between 10i and RT and revealed activity mechanism of 10i against the NNRTI-resistant strains.

SUBMITTER: Xu C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7111291 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature