Dataset Information

Association of Economic Status and Mortality in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

ABSTRACT: The high cost of treatment for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a concern for healthcare systems, while the impact of patients' socio-economic status on the risk of ARDS-associated mortality remains controversial. This study investigated associations between patients' income at the time of ARDS diagnosis and ARDS-specific mortality rate after treatment initiation. Data from records provided by the National Health Insurance Service of South Korea were used. Adult patients admitted for ARDS treatment from 2013 to 2017 were included in the study. Patients' income in the year of diagnosis was evaluated. A total of 14,600 ARDS cases were included in the analysis. The 30-day and 1-year mortality rates were 48.6% and 70.3%, respectively. In multivariable Cox regression model, we compared income quartiles, showing that compared to income strata Q1, the Q2 (P = 0.719), Q3 (P = 0.946), and Q4 (P = 0.542) groups of income level did not affect the risk of 30-day mortality, respectively. Additionally, compared to income strata Q1, the Q2 (P = 0.762), Q3 (P = 0.420), and Q4 (P = 0.189) strata did not affect the risk of 1-year mortality. Patient income at the time of ARDS diagnosis did not affect the risk of 30-day or 1-year mortality in the present study based on South Korea's health insurance data.

SUBMITTER: Oh TK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7142506 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Association of Economic Status and Mortality in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Oh Tak Kyu TK Song In-Ae IA Lee And Jae Ho AJH

International journal of environmental research and public health 20200311 6

The high cost of treatment for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a concern for healthcare systems, while the impact of patients' socio-economic status on the risk of ARDS-associated mortality remains controversial. This study investigated associations between patients' income at the time of ARDS diagnosis and ARDS-specific mortality rate after treatment initiation. Data from records provided by the National Health Insurance Service of South Korea were used. Adult patients admitted fo ...[more]

PMID: 32168795

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Project description:The optimal method to assess fluid overload in acute respiratory distress syndrome is not known, and current techniques have limitations. Plasma volume status has emerged as a noninvasive method to assess volume status and is defined as the percentage alteration from ideal plasma volume. We hypothesized that plasma volume status would suggest the presence of significant excess volume and therefore correlate with mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome.Design and settingThis is a retrospective cohort study of subjects enrolled in four previously completed National Heart Lung and Blood Institute-sponsored acute respiratory distress syndrome trials, using data from the National Institutes of Health Biologic Specimen and Data Repository Information Coordinating Center repository.PatientsStudy subjects included 3,165 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome previously enrolled in National Heart Lung and Blood Institute-sponsored acute respiratory distress syndrome trials.Measurements and main resultsThe exposure variable of interest was plasma volume status, calculated as the percentage alteration of actual plasma volume calculated on the basis of weight and hematocrit using sex-specific constants. We performed Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and univariable and adjusted Cox proportional hazard models to determine the association of plasma volume status with 60-day mortality. The median age of subjects was 52 years (interquartile range, 40-63 yr). Median plasma volume status was 5.9% (interquartile range, -2.4% to 13.6%), and overall, 68% of subjects had positive plasma volume status suggesting plasma volume higher than ideal plasma volume. In adjusted models, plasma volume status greater than median was associated with 38% greater risk for mortality (hazard ratio, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.20-1.59; p < 0.001). Each interquartile range increase in plasma volume status was associated with greater mortality in adjusted models (hazard ratio, 1.24 per interquartile range increase; 95% CI, 1.13-1.36; p < 0.001). Plasma volume status greater than median was associated with fewer ventilator-free days (18 vs 19 d; p = 0.0026) and ICU-free days (15 vs 17 d; p = 0.0001).ConclusionsPlasma volume status is independently associated with mortality, ICU-free days, and ventilator-free days among subjects with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Plasma volume status could be considered for risk-stratification and to direct therapy, particularly fluid management.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Improved understanding of the relationship between patient age and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) development and mortality following traumatic injury may help facilitate generation of new hypotheses about ARDS pathophysiology and the role of novel treatments to improve outcomes across the age spectrum. METHODS:We conducted a retrospective cohort study of trauma patients included in the National Trauma Data Bank who were admitted to an intensive care unit from 2007 to 2016. We determined ARDS incidence and mortality across eight age groups for the entire 10-year study period and by year. We used generalized linear Poisson regression models adjusted for underlying mortality risk (injury mechanism, Injury Severity Score, admission Glasgow Coma Scale score, admission heart rate, and admission hypotension). RESULTS:Acute respiratory distress syndrome occurred in 3.1% of 1,297,190 trauma encounters. Acute respiratory distress syndrome incidence was lowest among pediatric patients and highest among adults aged 35 to 64 years. Acute respiratory distress syndrome mortality was highest among patients 80 years or older (43.9%), followed by 65 to 79 years (30.6%) and 4 years or younger (25.3%). The relative risk of mortality associated with ARDS was highest among the pediatric age groups, with an adjusted relative risk (aRR) of 2.06 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.72-2.70) among patients 4 years or younger compared with an aRR of 1.51 (95% CI, 1.42-1.62) for the entire cohort. Acute respiratory distress syndrome mortality increased over the 10-year study period (aRR, 1.03 per year; 95% CI, 1.02-1.05 per year), whereas all-cause mortality decreased (aRR, 0.98 per year; 95% CI, 0.98-0.99 per year). CONCLUSIONS:While ARDS development following traumatic injury was most common in middle-aged adults, patients 4 years or younger and 65 years or older with ARDS experienced the highest burden of mortality. Children 4 years or younger were disproportionately affected by ARDS relative to their low underlying mortality following trauma that was not complicated by ARDS. Acute respiratory distress syndrome-associated mortality following trauma has worsened over the past decade, emphasizing the need for new prevention and treatment strategies. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:Prognostic/epidemiological study, level III.

Project description:BackgroundCardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) can lead to lung injury and even acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) through triggering systemic inflammatory response. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of CPB time on clinical outcomes in patients with ARDS after cardiac surgery.MethodsTotally, patients with ARDS after cardiac surgery in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2005 to December 2015 were retrospectively included and were further divided into three groups according to the median time of CPB. The primary endpoints were the ICU mortality and in-hospital mortality, and ICU and hospital stay. Restricted cubic spline (RCS), logistic regression, cox regression model, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were adopted to explore the relationship between CPB time and clinical endpoints.ResultsA total of 54,217 patients underwent cardiac surgery during the above period, of whom 210 patients developed ARDS after surgery and were finally included. The ICU mortality and in-hospital mortality were 21.0% and 41.9% in all ARDS patients after cardiac surgery respectively. Patients with long CPB time (CPB time ≥ 173 min) had longer length of ICU stay (P = 0.011), higher ICU (P < 0.001) mortality and in-hospital(P = 0.002) mortality compared with non-CPB patients (CPB = 0). For each ten minutes increment in CPB time, the hazards of a worse outcome increased by 13.3% for ICU mortality and 9.3% for in-hospital mortality after adjusting for potential factors. ROC curves showed CPB time presented more satisfactory power to predict mortality compared with APCHEII score. The optimal cut-off value of CPB time were 160.5 min for ICU mortality and in-hospital mortality.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrated the significant prognostic value of CPB time in patients with ARDS after cardiac surgery. Longer time of CPB was associated with poorer clinical outcomes, and could be served as an indicator to predict short-term mortality in patients with ARDS after cardiac surgery.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a complex response to various insults, has a high mortality rate. As pulmonary edema resulting from increased vascular permeability is a hallmark of ARDS, management of the fluid status, including the urine output (UO) and fluid intake (FI), is essential. However, the relationships between UO, FI, and mortality in ARDS remain unclear. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the interactive associations among UO, FI, and mortality in ARDS. METHODS:This was a secondary analysis of a prospective randomized controlled trial performed at 10 centers within the ARDS Network of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute research network. The total UO and FI volumes within the 24-h period preceding the trial, the UO to FI ratio (UO/FI), demographic data, biochemical measurements, and other variables from 835 patients with ARDS, 539 survivors, and 296 non-survivors, were analyzed. The associations among UO, FI, the UO/FI, and mortality were assessed using a multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS:In all 835 patients, an increased UO was significantly associated with decreased mortality when used as a continuous variable (odds ratio [OR]: 0.98, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.98-0.99, P?=?0.002) and as a quartile variable (OR of Q2 to Q4: 0.69-0.46, with Q1 as reference). To explore the interaction between UO and FI, the UO/FI was calculated, and a cut-off value of 0.5 was detected for the association with mortality. For patients with a UO/FI ?0.5, an increased UO/FI was significantly associated with decreased mortality (OR: 0.09, 95% CI: 0.03-0.253, P?<? 0.001); this association was not significant for patients with UO/FI ratios >?0.5 (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.96-1.14, P?=?0.281). A significant interaction was observed between UO and the UO/FI. The association between UO and mortality was significant in the subgroup with a UO/FI ?0.5 (OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.96-0.99, P?=?0.006), but not in the subgroup with a UO/FI >?0.5. CONCLUSIONS:The association between UO and mortality was mediated by the UO/FI status, as only patients with low UO/FI ratios benefitted from a higher UO.

Project description:ObjectivesPediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome is heterogeneous, with a paucity of risk stratification tools to assist with trial design. We aimed to develop and validate mortality prediction models for patients with pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome.DesignLeveraging additional data collection from a preplanned ancillary study (Version 1) of the multinational Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress syndrome Incidence and Epidemiology study, we identified predictors of mortality. Separate models were built for the entire Version 1 cohort, for the cohort excluding neurologic deaths, for intubated subjects, and for intubated subjects excluding neurologic deaths. Models were externally validated in a cohort of intubated pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome patients from the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.SettingThe derivation cohort represented 100 centers worldwide; the validation cohort was from Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.PatientsThere were 624 and 640 subjects in the derivation and validation cohorts, respectively.InterventionsNone.Measurements and main resultsThe model for the full cohort included immunocompromised status, Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction 2 score, day 0 vasopressor-inotrope score and fluid balance, and PaO2/FIO2 6 hours after pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome onset. This model had good discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.82), calibration, and internal validation. Models excluding neurologic deaths, for intubated subjects, and for intubated subjects excluding neurologic deaths also demonstrated good discrimination (all area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ≥ 0.84) and calibration. In the validation cohort, models for intubated pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (including and excluding neurologic deaths) had excellent discrimination (both area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ≥ 0.85), but poor calibration. After revision, the model for all intubated subjects remained miscalibrated, whereas the model excluding neurologic deaths showed perfect calibration. Mortality models also stratified ventilator-free days at 28 days in both derivation and validation cohorts.ConclusionsWe describe predictive models for mortality in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome using readily available variables from day 0 of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome which outperform severity of illness scores and which demonstrate utility for composite outcomes such as ventilator-free days. Models can assist with risk stratification for clinical trials.

Dataset Information

Association of Economic Status and Mortality in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Publications

Association of Economic Status and Mortality in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

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