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Self-Reported Omega-3 Supplement Use Moderates the Association between Age and Exercising Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity in Older Adults.

ABSTRACT: Cerebral blood flow (CBF) decreases across the lifespan, and chronic conditions such as dementia and stroke accelerate this decline. Impaired CBF results in reduced delivery of oxygen and nutrients, which can damage the brain over time. Thus, there is a need to identify lifestyle interventions, including diet and exercise, to maintain CBF with aging and in the presence of chronic disease. In the present study, we used transcranial Doppler ultrasound to record middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv), a surrogate measure of CBF, during moderate-intensity exercise in sedentary, cognitively normal older adults (n = 90). A multiple linear regression model (F(4, 85) = 3.21, p = 0.02) showed that self-reported omega-3 supplement use significantly moderated the association between age and mean exercising MCAv in these individuals (p = 0.01). Older age was associated with lower exercising MCAv in the group not taking omega-3 supplements, while exercising MCAv showed no decline with increasing age in the group who reported omega-3 supplement use. These findings suggest omega-3 supplementation may have an important role in the preservation of CBF with aging.

SUBMITTER: Kaufman CS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7146423 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Self-Reported Omega-3 Supplement Use Moderates the Association between Age and Exercising Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity in Older Adults.

Kaufman Carolyn S CS Vidoni Eric D ED Burns Jeffrey M JM Alwatban Mohammed R MR Billinger Sandra A SA

Nutrients 20200305 3

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) decreases across the lifespan, and chronic conditions such as dementia and stroke accelerate this decline. Impaired CBF results in reduced delivery of oxygen and nutrients, which can damage the brain over time. Thus, there is a need to identify lifestyle interventions, including diet and exercise, to maintain CBF with aging and in the presence of chronic disease. In the present study, we used transcranial Doppler ultrasound to record middle cerebral artery velocity (MCA ...[more]

PMID: 32150983

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Project description:IntroductionCerebral blood flow (CBF) declines with age and abnormalities in CBF are associated with age-related cerebrovascular disease and neurodegeneration. Women have higher CBF than men, although this sex-difference diminishes to some extent with age in healthy subjects. The physiological drivers of these age/sex differences are uncertain, but might be secondary to age and sex-differences in haemoglobin (Hb) level. Hb levels are inversely correlated with CBF, are lower in women, and decline with age in men, but the interrelations between these factors have not been explored systematically either in healthy subjects or across the full age-range in patients with vascular risk factors. We aimed to determine the age-specific interrelations between sex, Hb, and CBF velocity in a large cohort of patients with cerebrovascular disease.Patients and methodsIn patients with a recent transient ischaemic attack or minor stroke (Oxford Vascular Study) and no ipsilateral or contralateral stenosis of the carotid or intracranial arteries, we related peak-systolic velocity (PSV) and other parameters on transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) of the middle cerebral artery to sex, age, Hb and vascular risk factors.ResultsOf 958 eligible subjects (mean age/SD = 68.04/14.26, 53.2% male), younger women (age < 55 years) had higher CBF velocities than men (mean sex difference in PSV at age < 55 years = 16.31 cm/s; p < 0.001), but this difference declined with age (interaction p < 0.001), such that it was no longer significant at age 75-84 (∆PSV = 3.26 cm/s; p = 0.12) and was reversed at age ⩾ 85 (∆PSV = -7.42 cm/s; p = 0.05). These changes mirrored trends in levels of Hb, which were higher in men at age < 55 (∆Hb = 1.92 g/dL; p < 0.001), but steadily decreased with age in men but not in women (interaction p < 0.001), with no residual sex-difference at age ⩾ 85 (∆Hb = 0.12 g/dL; p = 0.70). There was an inverse correlation between Hb and PSV in both women and men (both p ⩽ 0.01), and the sex-difference in PSV at age < 55 was substantially diminished after adjustment for Hb (∆PSV = 6.92; p = 0.036; ∆PSV = 5.92, p = 0.13 with further adjustment for end-tidal CO2). In contrast, the sex difference in PSV was unaffected by adjustment for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and vascular risk factors (history of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia and smoking).DiscussionCBF velocity is strongly correlated with Hb level at all ages, and sex-differences in CBF velocity appear to be explained in major part by age-related sex-differences in Hb.

Project description:BackgroundDamping of heartbeat-induced pressure pulsations occurs in large arteries such as the aorta and extends to the small arteries and microcirculation. Since recently, 7 T MRI enables investigation of damping in the small cerebral arteries.PurposeTo investigate flow pulsatility damping between the first segment of the middle cerebral artery (M1) and the small perforating arteries using magnetic resonance imaging.Study typeRetrospective.SubjectsThirty-eight participants (45% female) aged above 50 without history of heart failure, carotid occlusive disease, or cognitive impairment.Field strength/sequence3 T gradient echo (GE) T1-weighted images, spin-echo fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images, GE two-dimensional (2D) phase-contrast, and GE cine steady-state free precession images were acquired. At 7 T, T1-weighted images, GE quantitative-flow, and GE 2D phase-contrast images were acquired.AssessmentVelocity pulsatilities of the M1 and perforating arteries in the basal ganglia (BG) and semi-oval center (CSO) were measured. We used the damping index between the M1 and perforating arteries as a damping indicator (velocity pulsatilityM1 /velocity pulsatilityCSO/BG ). Left ventricular stroke volume (LVSV), mean arterial pressure (MAP), pulse pressure (PP), and aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) were correlated with velocity pulsatility in the M1 and in perforating arteries, and with the damping index of the CSO and BG.Statistical testsCorrelations of LVSV, MAP, PP, and PWV with velocity pulsatility in the M1 and small perforating arteries, and correlations with the damping indices were evaluated with linear regression analyses.ResultsPP and PWV were significantly positively correlated to M1 velocity pulsatility. PWV was significantly negatively correlated to CSO velocity pulsatility, and PP was unrelated to CSO velocity pulsatility (P = 0.28). PP and PWV were uncorrelated to BG velocity pulsatility (P = 0.25; P = 0.68). PWV and PP were significantly positively correlated with the CSO damping index.Data conclusionOur study demonstrated a dynamic damping of velocity pulsatility between the M1 and small cerebral perforating arteries in relation to proximal stress.Level of evidence4 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.

Dataset Information

Self-Reported Omega-3 Supplement Use Moderates the Association between Age and Exercising Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity in Older Adults.

Publications

Self-Reported Omega-3 Supplement Use Moderates the Association between Age and Exercising Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity in Older Adults.

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