Auxiliary energy-assisted biodiesel production data from solid food waste oil.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Carmona-Cabello M
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7154990 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:The data presented in this article are related to the research article "Environmental and techno-economic considerations on biodiesel production from waste frying oil in São Paulo city" (Silva Filho et al., 2018) [1]. This article presents the variation of the concentration of waste frying oil (WFO) with the reaction time and temperature during the transesterification of WTOs collected in the residences and restaurants of the city of São Paulo. Then, the biodiesel samples were mixed with the S-10 diesel oil in order to obtain the B10, B20, B30, B40, B50, B75 and B100 blends, which were tested in a diesel engine and their power, fuel consumption and gas emissions (CO, CO2 and SO2) have been measured to verify their greenhouse effect and energy efficiency.
| S-EPMC5996946 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In this study, biodiesel production from microalgal oil by microwave-assisted transesterification was carried out to investigate its efficiency. Transesterification reactions were performed by using Chlorella protothecoides oil as feedstock, methanol, and potassium hydroxide as the catalyst. Methanol:oil ratio, reaction time and catalyst:oil ratio were investigated as process parameters affected methyl ester yield. 9:1 methanol/oil molar ratio, 1.5% KOH catalyst/oil ratio and 10 min were optimum values for the highest fatty acid methyl ester yield.
| S-EPMC4849035 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Biodiesel, a mixture of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), is bio-renewable, non-toxic, biodegradable, and is an attractive alternative to petroleum diesel. This work studied the sonochemical transesterification of Lesquerella fendleri oil (LFO) using inexpensive solid Lewis acid (LA) catalysts with an aim to reduce environmental pollution and dependance on non-renewable fuel sources. Due to the presence of hydroxy fatty acid methyl esters (HFAME) in LFO (∼60%), in addition to producing biofuel it can also be used to generate chemically important estolides and cyclic lactones. AlCl3, SnCl2, and Sn(CH3COO)2 showed catalytic activity using direct immersion ultrasound (DI-US) among a list of LA catalysts investigated, with AlCl3 being the best catalyst. Ultrasound increased the reaction rate by facilitating carbocation formation of glyceridic carbons. Experiments were carried out at room temperature in a solvent range from 3:1 to 18:1 methanol-to-oil molar ratio and catalyst loading from 1 wt% to 6 wt% over 10 to 60 min sonication time at 48% ultrasound amplitude (roughly 17 W/cm2). Complete conversion (>99%) was achieved in 40 min with 5 wt% AlCl3 catalyst. A statistical regression analysis with STATA 14.0 software was performed to optimize process parameters. Chemical characterizations of the compounds were performed with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy (1H NMR & 13C NMR), and % conversion of FAMEs was calculated from the 1H NMR spectra. The fatty acid profile was determined by GC-FID and GC-MS analysis. FT-IR spectroscopic analysis and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were performed to investigate the infrared absorption pattern of the compound and the volatility difference between Lesquerella fendleri biodiesel and oil under nitrogen atmosphere. Results indicate that this is a fast, green, energy-efficient, sustainable, and industrially applicable method for biodiesel production from LFO.
| S-EPMC9256648 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Oleaginous yeasts are fast emerging as a possible feedstock for biodiesel production. Yarrowia lipolytica, a model oleaginous yeast is known to utilize a variety of hydrophobic substrates for lipid accumulation including waste cooking oil (WCO). Approaches to increase lipid content in this yeast include metabolic engineering which requires manipulation of multiple genes in the lipid biosynthesis pathway. A classical and cost-effective approach, namely, random chemical mutagenesis on the yeast can lead to increased production of biodiesel as is explored here.In this study, chemical mutagenesis using the alkylating agent, N- methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) as well as an additional treatment with cerulenin, a fatty acid synthase inhibitor generated 800 mutants of Y. lipolytica NCIM 3589 (761 MNNG treated and 39 MNNG + cerulenin treated). A three-stage screening using Sudan Black B plate technique, Nile red fluorimetry and total lipid extraction using solvent was performed, which enabled selection of ten high lipid yielding mutants. Time course studies of all the ten mutants were further undertaken in terms of biomass, lipid yield and lipid content to select three stable mutants (YlB6, YlC7 and YlE1) capable of growing and accumulating lipid on WCO, with lipid contents of 55, 60 and 67% as compared to 45% for the wild type. The mutants demonstrated increased volumetric lipid productivities (0.062, 0.044 and 0.041 g L-1 h-1) as compared to the wild type (0.033 g L-1 h-1). The fatty acid profile of the three mutants consisted of a high content of C16 and C18 saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids and was found to be suitable for biodiesel production. The fuel properties, namely, density, kinematic viscosity, total acid number, iodine value of the three mutants were evaluated and found to lie within the limits specified by internationally accepted standards. Additionally, it was noted that the mutants demonstrated better cetane numbers and higher heating values than the wild type strain.The chemical mutagenesis strategy adopted in this study resulted in the successful isolation of three stable high SCO yielding mutants. The mutants, namely, YlB6, YlC7 and YlE1 exhibited a 1.22, 1.33 and 1.49-fold increase in lipid contents when grown on 100 g L-1 waste cooking oil than the parental yeast strain. The fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles of all the three mutants was determined to be suitable for biodiesel suggesting their potential applicability while simultaneously addressing the management of waste cooking oil.
| S-EPMC5655982 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundWe have recently developed a one-step, genetically encoded immobilization approach based on fusion of a target enzyme to the self-crystallizing protein Cry3Aa, followed by direct production and isolation of the fusion crystals from Bacillus thuringiensis. Using this approach, Bacillus subtilis lipase A was genetically fused to Cry3Aa to produce a Cry3Aa-lipA catalyst capable of the facile conversion of coconut oil into biodiesel over 10 reaction cycles. Here, we investigate the fusion of another lipase to Cry3Aa with the goal of producing a catalyst suitable for the conversion of waste cooking oil into biodiesel.ResultsGenetic fusion of the Proteus mirabilis lipase (PML) to Cry3Aa allowed for the production of immobilized lipase crystals (Cry3Aa-PML) directly in bacterial cells. The fusion resulted in the loss of PML activity, however, and so taking advantage of its genetically encoded immobilization, directed evolution was performed on Cry3Aa-PML directly in its immobilized state in vivo. This novel strategy allowed for the selection of an immobilized PML mutant with 4.3-fold higher catalytic efficiency and improved stability. The resulting improved Cry3Aa-PML catalyst could be used to catalyze the conversion of waste cooking oil into biodiesel for at least 15 cycles with minimal loss in conversion efficiency.ConclusionsThe genetically encoded nature of our Cry3Aa-fusion immobilization platform makes it possible to perform both directed evolution and screening of immobilized enzymes directly in vivo. This work is the first example of the use of directed evolution to optimize an enzyme in its immobilized state allowing for identification of a mutant that would unlikely have been identified from screening of its soluble form. We demonstrate that the resulting Cry3Aa-PML catalyst is suitable for the recyclable conversion of waste cooking oil into biodiesel.
| S-EPMC6598307 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The world biodiesel production is increasing at a rapid rate. Despite its perceived safety for the environment, more detailed toxicity studies are mandatory, especially in the field of aquatic toxicology. While considerable attention has been paid to biodiesel combustion emissions, the toxicity of biodiesel in the aquatic environment has been poorly understood. In our study, we used an algae culture growth-inhibition test (OECD 201) for the comparison of the toxicity of B100 (pure biodiesel), produced by methanol transesterification of waste cooking oil (yellow grease), B0 (petroleum diesel fuel) and B20 (diesel-biodiesel blended of 20% biodiesel and 80% petroleum diesel fuel by volume). Two marine diatoms Attheya ussuriensis and Chaetoceros muelleri, the red algae Porphyridium purpureum and Raphidophyte Heterosigma akashiwo were employed as the aquatic test organisms. A sample of biodiesel from waste cooking oil without dilution with petroleum diesel (B100) showed the highest level of toxicity for the microalgae A. ussuriensis, C. muelleri and H. akashiwo, compared to hexane, methanol, petroleum diesel (B0) and diluted sample (B20). The acute EC50 in the growth-inhibition test (96 h exposure) of B100 for the four species was in the range of 3.75-23.95 g/L whereas the chronic toxicity EC50 (7d exposure) was in the range of 0.42-16.09 g/L.
| S-EPMC6317304 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Semiconductor-based photocatalysts have attracted a lot of interest due to their environmental friendliness and high stability. Waste cooking oil can be converted to biodiesel by the process of transesterification. A TiO2/g-C3N4 combination was prepared by using a wet impregnation process. The photocatalyst was analyzed by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDX), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis). For effective transesterification, WCO was collected and acid-esterified to reduce the FFA concentration (below 3%). For the transesterification reaction, esterified WCO was used and the reactions were carried out under solar irradiation at 60 °C with an oil to methanol ratio of 1 : 9 and stirred for 1 hour, using different TiO2/g-C3N4 catalysts (10, 20 & 30%) with different catalyst concentrations of 1%, 2% and 3%. The results showed that TiO2/20% g-C3N4 with 2% catalyst concentration gives the highest yield of biodiesel production (89.5%) as compared to other catalyst concentrations used. In addition to (FTIR), additional fuel characteristics such as density, viscosity, flashpoint, acid value, and pH were tested to determine the quality of the generated biodiesel and were found to comply with fuel standards. With high stability and good catalytic activity, the synthesized composite TiO2/g-C3N4 is a viable option for producing biodiesel from WCO.
| S-EPMC9043783 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Waste cooking oil (WCO) is a sustainable alternative to raw vegetable oils and fats for biodiesel production considering both environmental and economic benefits. Raw glycerol from WCO-based biodiesel production (GWCO) is difficult to utilize via biological method, as multiple toxic impurities have inhibitory effects on microbial growth especially for pure cultures. In this work, four microbial consortia were selected from activated sludge by 30 serial transfers under different conditions. The obtained consortia exhibited lower diversity and species difference with the transfers. The consortium LS30 exhibited unique advantages for bioconversion of GWCO to 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) and lactate (LA). Moreover, the fermentation could be performed economically under microaerobic and non-sterile conditions. The consortium consisted of 57.97% Enterobacter and 39.25% Escherichia could effectively convert 60 g/L GWCO to 1,3-PDO and LA in batch fermentation. In addition, this consortium exhibited better tolerance to fatty acid-derived crude glycerol (100 g/L), which demonstrated that specific toxic impurities in GWCO did pose a great challenge to microbial growth and metabolism. In fed batch fermentation, 27.77 g/L 1,3-PDO and 14.68 g/L LA were achieved. Compared with the consortium, a long lag phase in cell growth associated with a decreased glycerol consumption was observed in four single-strain fermentations. Furthermore, neither the consortium DL38 with excellent glycerol tolerance nor consortium C2-2M with high yield of 1,3-PDO could effectively transform GWCO into valuable products. The results demonstrated that the selected microbial consortium has the advanced adaptability to the toxic impurities in GWCO compared with other reported consortia and isolated single strain. This process can contribute to added-value use of GWCO.
| S-EPMC6387908 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC10993245 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC10991503 | biostudies-literature