Dataset Information

Reduction of IL-6 gene expression in human adipose tissue after sleeve gastrectomy surgery.

ABSTRACT: Objective:There is increasing evidence that immune cell interactions in adipose tissue contribute to the development of metabolic dysfunction. Pro-inflammatory cytokines have been shown to mediate insulin resistance, and the presence of macrophages is a salient feature in the development of obesity. The present study aimed to evaluate adipocyte size and macrophage activation in women before and 3 months after laparoscopic vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG). Methods:Subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue biopsies were obtained from women scheduled to undergo VSG. Histological evaluation of adipocytes and macrophages was performed as well as cytokine expression quantification before and after VSG-induced weight loss. Results:Weight loss following VSG resulted in a reduction in adipocyte size as well as a decrease in interleukin (IL)-6 cytokine mRNA expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue. There was no change in the presence of crownlike structures after weight loss. Conclusions:Early weight loss after VSG is associated with a reduction in adipocyte size and a decline in IL-6 gene expression in local adipose tissue. Macrophage infiltration and crownlike density structures persist in adipose tissue from tissues impacted by excess body weight 3 months after VSG-induced weight loss.

SUBMITTER: Casimiro I

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7156876 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Reduction of IL-6 gene expression in human adipose tissue after sleeve gastrectomy surgery.

Casimiro Isabel I Hanlon Erin C EC White Jeremy J De Leon Avelino A Ross Ruby R Moise Katiannah K Piron Matthew M Brady Matthew J MJ

Obesity science & practice 20200115 2

<h4>Objective</h4>There is increasing evidence that immune cell interactions in adipose tissue contribute to the development of metabolic dysfunction. Pro-inflammatory cytokines have been shown to mediate insulin resistance, and the presence of macrophages is a salient feature in the development of obesity. The present study aimed to evaluate adipocyte size and macrophage activation in women before and 3 months after laparoscopic vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG).<h4>Methods</h4>Subcutaneous abd ...[more]

PMID: 32313680

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Project description:Bariatric surgery is associated with bone loss but skeletal consequences may differ between Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG), the two most commonly performed bariatric procedures. Furthermore, severe weight loss is associated with high marrow adipose tissue (MAT); however, MAT is also increased in visceral adiposity. The purpose of our study was to determine the effects of RYGB and SG on BMD and MAT. We hypothesized that both bariatric procedures would lead to a decrease in BMD and MAT. We studied 21 adults with morbid obesity (mean BMI 44.1±5.1kg/m2) prior to and 12months after RYGB (n=11) and SG (n=10). All subjects underwent DXA and QCT of the lumbar spine and hip to assess aBMD and vBMD. Visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue was quantified at L1-L2. MAT of the lumbar spine and femur was assessed by 1H-MR spectroscopy. Calcitropic hormones and bone turnover markers were determined. At 12months after surgery, mean weight and abdominal fat loss was similar between the RYGB and SG groups. Mean serum calcium, 25(OH)-vitamin D, and PTH levels were unchanged after surgery and within the normal range in both groups. Bone turnover markers P1NP and CTX increased within both groups and P1NP increased to a greater extent in the RYGB group (p=0.03). There were significant declines from baseline in spine aBMD and vBMD within the RYGB and SG groups, although the changes were not significantly different between groups (p=0.3). Total hip and femoral neck aBMD by DXA decreased to a greater extent in the RYGB than the SG group (p<0.04) although the change in femoral vBMD by QCT was not significantly different between groups (p>0.2). MAT content of the lumbar spine and femoral diaphysis did not change from baseline in the RYGB group but increased after SG (p=0.03). Within the SG group, 12-month change in weight and VAT were positively associated with 12-month change in MAT (p<0.04), suggesting that subjects with less weight and VAT loss had higher MAT. In conclusion, RYGB and SG are associated with declines in lumbar spine BMD, however, the changes are not significantly different between the groups. RYGB may be associated with greater decline of aBMD at the total hip and femoral neck compared to SG. MAT content increased after SG and this was associated with lower weight and VAT loss.

Project description:BackgroundAccumulation of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is clearly associated with an increased risk of obesity-related diseases and all-cause mortality, whereas gluteal subcutaneous fat accumulation (g-SAT) is associated with a lower risk. The relative contribution, in term of cardiovascular risk, of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (a-SAT) is still controversial with studies showing both a detrimental effect and a protective role. Animal and in vitro studies demonstrated that adipocytes from visceral and subcutaneous depots have distinct morphological, metabolic and functional characteristics. These regional differences have a key role in the pathogenesis of obesity-related diseases. There is recent evidence that differentiation between upper-body and lower-body adipose tissues might be under control of site-specific sets of developmental genes, such as Homebox (HOX) genes, a group of related genes that control the body plan of an embryo along the anterior-posterior axis. However, the possible heterogeneity between different subcutaneous regions has not been extensively investigated. Here we studied global mRNA expression in g-SAT and a-SAT with a microarray approach. RNA was isolated from g-SAT and a-SAT biopsy, from eight healthy subjects, and hybridized on RNA microarray chips in order to detect regional differences in gene expression.ResultsA total of 131 genes are significantly and differently (>1.5 fold change, p < 0.05) expressed in a-SAT and g-SAT. Expression profiling reveals significant differences in expression of several HOX genes. Interestingly, two molecular signature of visceral adipocyte lineage, homebox genes HOXA5 and NR2F1, are up-regulated in a-SAT versus g-SAT by a 2.5 fold change.ConclusionsOur study shows that g-SAT and a-SAT have distinct expression profiles. The finding of a different expression of HOX genes, fundamental during the embryo development, suggests an early regional differentiation of subcutaneous adipose depots. Moreover, the higher expression of HOXA5 and NR2F1, two molecular signatures of visceral adipocytes, in a-SAT suggests that this subcutaneous adipose depot could be more similar to VAT than g-SAT. Our data suggest that we should look at SAT as composed of distinct depots with possibly different impact in obesity associated metabolic complications.

Dataset Information

Reduction of IL-6 gene expression in human adipose tissue after sleeve gastrectomy surgery.

Publications

Reduction of IL-6 gene expression in human adipose tissue after sleeve gastrectomy surgery.

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