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Association of abdominal fat with metabolic syndrome components in overweight women: effect of menopausal status.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:The association between abdominal fat distribution and metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) components by menopausal status has yet to be explicated. The purpose of this study was to examine a cross-sectional association between abdominal fat compartments and MetSyn components in pre- and post-menopausal overweight Japanese women. METHODS:Of 212 overweight Japanese women, 76 pre-menopausal overweight (BMI ? 25) women (PreM age, 42.1 ± 5.9 years) and 87 post-menopausal overweight women (PostM: age, 56.2 ± 4.5 years) were analyzed in this study. Measurements were taken for body mass index (BMI), abdominal compartments [visceral fat (VF), subcutaneous fat (SF), superficial subcutaneous fat (SSF), and deep subcutaneous fat (DSF)], serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), and fasting plasma glucose (FPG). Abdominal compartments were assessed using computed tomography. RESULTS:No significant differences were found for BMI, SF, SSF, or DSF between the PreM and PostM. Despite this, the PreM had a significantly smaller VF area than that of the PostM. However, the difference in VF area disappeared when age was adjusted for. VFA significantly correlated with HDLC, TG, and FPG independently of menopause status. CONCLUSIONS:These results suggest that the effect of menopause status on the association between VF and MetSyn components is negligible. Abdominal subcutaneous fat compartments were not associated with MetSyn components in overweight women regardless of menopausal status.

SUBMITTER: Numao S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7168819 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Association of abdominal fat with metabolic syndrome components in overweight women: effect of menopausal status.

Numao Shigeharu S Katayama Yasutomi Y Nakata Yoshio Y Matsuo Tomoaki T Nakagaichi Masaki M Tanaka Kiyoji K

Journal of physiological anthropology 20200419 1

<h4>Background</h4>The association between abdominal fat distribution and metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) components by menopausal status has yet to be explicated. The purpose of this study was to examine a cross-sectional association between abdominal fat compartments and MetSyn components in pre- and post-menopausal overweight Japanese women.<h4>Methods</h4>Of 212 overweight Japanese women, 76 pre-menopausal overweight (BMI ≥ 25) women (PreM age, 42.1 ± 5.9 years) and 87 post-menopausal overweight ...[more]

PMID: 32307016

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Project description:BackgroundOsteocalcin is known to regulate energy metabolism. Recently, metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been found to be associated with reduced levels of osteocalcin in men, as well as in postmenopausal women. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between serum osteocalcin and MetS in premenopausal women, compared with that in postmenopausal women.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was based on 5,896 participants who completed a health screening examination. They were classified according to their menopausal status. Each group was subdivided into non-MetS and MetS groups according to the modified National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Serum osteocalcin levels were measured using the electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.ResultsSerum osteocalcin level was significantly lower in women with MetS than in those without MetS, after adjusting for confounders (14.12 ± 0.04 vs. 13.17 ± 0.13 [P = 0.004] in premenopausal women, and 20.34 ± 0.09 vs. 19.62 ± 0.21 [P < 0.001] in postmenopausal women), regardless of their menopausal status. Serum osteocalcin levels decreased correspondingly with an increasing number of MetS elements (P for trend < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that waist circumference (β = -0.085 [P < 0.001] and β = -0.137 [P < 0.001]) and hemoglobin A1c (β = -0.09 [P < 0.001] and β = -0.145 [P < 0.001]) were independent predictors of osteocalcin in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Triglyceride levels were also independently associated with osteocalcin levels in premenopausal women (β = -0.004 [P < 0.013]). The odds ratio (OR) for MetS was significantly higher in the lowest quartile than in the highest quartile of serum osteocalcin levels after adjusting for age, alkaline phosphatase, uric acid, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, and body mass index in all women (OR, 2.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.49-2.68) as well as in premenopausal (OR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.39-3.58) and postmenopausal (OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.26-3.23) subgroups.ConclusionLower serum osteocalcin concentrations were significantly associated with MetS in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women and were therefore independent of menopausal status.

Project description:Background:Poor sleep is a potential risk factor for metabolic syndrome (MetS), and its relationship with MetS may vary by race/ethnicity and menopausal status among women. Methods:We used Sister Study enrollment data from 2003 to 2009 to investigate the cross-sectional associations between multiple subjective sleep characteristics and having???3 prevalent metabolic abnormalities consistent with MetS among white, black, and Hispanic/Latina women. Self-reported sleep characteristics included average sleep duration (short [<?7 h] vs. recommended [7-9 h]), sleep debt (??2-h difference between shortest and longest sleep duration, napping???3 times/week, and insomnia symptoms (difficulty falling or staying asleep). We used Poisson regression with robust variance to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to compare MetS prevalence between women with poor sleep (e.g., short sleep, sleep debt, frequent napping, or insomnia symptoms [all yes vs. no]) and non-poor sleep within menopausal status categories (premenopausal or postmenopausal). We adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, mental health, and health behaviors. Results:Among 38,007 eligible women (13,988 premenopausal, 24,019 postmenopausal), mean age was 55?±?8.8 years, racial/ethnic composition was 86.63% white, 8.53% black, and 4.84% Hispanic/Latina, and 12% had MetS. Associations between certain poor sleep characteristics [i.e., short sleep (PRpremenopausal?=?1.23 [95% CI 1.06-1.42], PRpostmenopausal?=?1.09 [1.02-1.16], pshort sleep*menopause?=?0.0070) and insomnia symptoms (PRpremenopausal?=?1.21 [1.05-1.41], PRpostmenopausal?=?1.11 [1.05-1.18], pinsomnia symptoms*menopause?=?0.035)] and prevalent MetS were stronger among premenopausal compared to postmenopausal women, but did not vary by race/ethnicity. Associations between concurrent short sleep/insomnia symptoms and MetS were stronger among white and Hispanic/Latina postmenopausal women compared to their black counterparts. Menopausal status and race/ethnicity did not modify positive associations for other poor sleep characteristics. Conclusions:Poor sleep was positively associated with MetS prevalence. Associations between individual poor sleep characteristics (i.e., short sleep, insomnia symptoms) were stronger among premenopausal compared to postmenopausal women but did not vary by race/ethnicity.

Project description:Exercise intensity may affect the selective loss of abdominal adipose tissue.This study showed whether aerobic exercise intensity affects the loss of abdominal fat and improvement in cardiovascular disease risk factors under conditions of equal energy deficit in women with abdominal obesity.This was a randomized trial in 112 overweight and obese [body mass index (in kg/m(2)): 25-40; waist circumference >88 cm], postmenopausal women assigned to one of three 20-wk interventions of equal energy deficit: calorie restriction (CR only), CR plus moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (CR + moderate-intensity), or CR plus vigorous-intensity exercise (CR + vigorous-intensity). The diet was a controlled program of underfeeding during which meals were provided at individual calorie levels (approximately 400 kcal/d). Exercise (3 d/wk) involved treadmill walking at an intensity of 45-50% (moderate-intensity) or 70-75% (vigorous-intensity) of heart rate reserve. The primary outcome was abdominal visceral fat volume.Average weight loss for the 95 women who completed the study was 12.1 kg (+/-4.5 kg) and was not significantly different across groups. Maximal oxygen uptake ( O(2)max) increased more in the CR + vigorous-intensity group than in either of the other groups (P < 0.05). The CR-only group lost relatively more lean mass than did either exercise group (P < 0.05). All groups showed similar decreases in abdominal visceral fat (approximately 25%; P < 0.001 for all). However, changes in visceral fat were inversely related to increases in O(2)max (P < 0.01). Changes in lipids, fasting glucose or insulin, and 2-h glucose and insulin areas during the oral-glucose-tolerance test were similar across treatment groups.With a similar amount of total weight loss, lean mass is preserved, but there is not a preferential loss of abdominal fat when either moderate- or vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise is performed during caloric restriction. This trial was registered at (ClinicalTrials.gov) as: NCT00664729.

Project description:Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is a chronic and progressive condition with a series of vulvovaginal, sexual, and lower urinary tract discomforts, mainly due to hypoestrogenism. Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) has generally been considered as the most effective treatment for GSM. In addition, vaginal microbiota is of particular significance to gynecological and reproductive illnesses and potentially has some intimate connections with GSM. Consequently, we sought to evaluate how MHT impacts the composition and structure of vaginal microbiota while alleviating GSM in Chinese menopausal women aged 45-65 years, which has not been investigated previously. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to analyze microbial diversity and composition using vaginal swabs obtained from 100 menopausal women, classified as MHT women who have been taking tibolone regularly (n = 50) and non-treated women who never received any treatment (n = 50). Vaginal Health Index Score (VHIS) and GSM symptoms inquiry were also performed. We found that the vaginal microbial diversity decreased and that the abundance of Lactobacillus increased to be the dominant proportion significantly in the MHT group, in considerable contrast to vaginal microbiota of the non-treated group, which significantly comprised several anaerobic bacteria, namely, Gardnerella, Prevotella, Escherichia-Shigella, Streptococcus, Atopobium, Aerococcus, Anaerotruncus, and Anaerococcus. In this study, women without any MHT had significantly more severe GSM symptoms than those receiving tibolone, especially with regard to vulvovaginal dryness and burning, as well as decreased libido (P < 0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the severity of urological symptoms between the groups (P > 0.05). Furthermore, Lactobacillus was demonstrated to be associated with VHIS positively (r = 0.626, P < 0.001) and with GSM negatively (r = -0.347, P < 0.001). We also identified Chlamydia (r = 0.277, P < 0.01) and Streptococcus (r = 0.270, P < 0.01) as having a prominent association with more serious GSM symptoms. Our study provided an elucidation that MHT could notably alleviate GSM and conspicuously reshape the composition of the vaginal microbiota, which is of extreme importance to clinical practice for the management of GSM.

Dataset Information

Association of abdominal fat with metabolic syndrome components in overweight women: effect of menopausal status.

Publications

Association of abdominal fat with metabolic syndrome components in overweight women: effect of menopausal status.

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