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Targeted alpha therapy using astatine (²¹¹At)-labeled phenylalanine: A preclinical study in glioma bearing mice.

ABSTRACT: Phenylalanine derivatives, which target tumors especially through L-type amino acid transporter-1 (LAT1), have elicited considerable attention. In this study, we evaluated the treatment effect of phenylalanine labeled with the alpha emitter astatine (²¹¹At-PA) in tumor bearing mice. The C6 glioma, U-87MG, and GL261 cell lines were subjected to a cellular ²¹¹At-PA uptake analysis that included an evaluation of the uptake inhibition by the system L amino acid transporter inhibitor 2-aminobicyclo-(2,2,1)-heptane-2-carboxylic acid (BCH). BCH significantly inhibited para-²¹¹At-PA uptake in C6 glioma (12.2 ± 0.8%), U-87MG (27.6 ± 1.1%), and GL261 (12.6 ± 2.0%) cells compared to baseline, suggesting an uptake contribution by system L amino acid transporters. Subsequently, xenograft and allograft models were prepared by subcutaneously injecting C6 glioma (n = 12) or GL-261 cells (n = 12), respectively. C6 glioma mice received three ²¹¹At-PA doses (0.1, 0.5, or 1 MBq, n = 3/dose), while GL261 mice received one high dose (1 MBq, n = 7). ²¹¹At-PA exhibited a tumor growth suppression effect in C6 glioma models in a dose-dependent manner as well as in GL-261 models. This phenylalanine derivative labeled with astatine may be applicable as an alpha therapy that specifically targets system L amino acid transporters.

SUBMITTER: Watabe T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7170498 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Targeted alpha therapy using astatine (211At)-labeled phenylalanine: A preclinical study in glioma bearing mice.

Watabe Tadashi T Kaneda-Nakashima Kazuko K Shirakami Yoshifumi Y Liu Yuwei Y Ooe Kazuhiro K Teramoto Takahiro T Toyoshima Atsushi A Shimosegawa Eku E Nakano Takashi T Kanai Yoshikatsu Y Shinohara Atsushi A Hatazawa Jun J

Oncotarget 20200414 15

Phenylalanine derivatives, which target tumors especially through L-type amino acid transporter-1 (LAT1), have elicited considerable attention. In this study, we evaluated the treatment effect of phenylalanine labeled with the alpha emitter astatine (211At-PA) in tumor bearing mice. The C6 glioma, U-87MG, and GL261 cell lines were subjected to a cellular 211At-PA uptake analysis that included an evaluation of the uptake inhibition by the system L amino acid transporter inhi ...[more]

PMID: 32341757

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Project description:PURPOSE:Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) is a promising treatment for micrometastatic and minimal residual cancer. We evaluated systemic ?-radioimmunotherapy (?-RIT) of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) using the ?-particle emitter 211At-labeled to the anti-PSCA A11 minibody. A11 is specific for prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA), a cell surface glycoprotein which is overexpressed in more than 90% of both localized prostate cancer and bone metastases. METHODS:PC3-PSCA cells were implanted subcutaneously (s.c.) and intratibially (i.t) in nude mice. Efficacy of ?-RIT (two fractions-14-day interval) was studied on s.c. macrotumors (0, 1.5 and 1.9?MBq) and on i.t. microtumors (~100-200??m; 0, 0.8 or 1.5?MBq) by tumor-volume measurements. The injected activities for therapies were estimated from separate biodistribution and myelotoxicity studies. RESULTS:Tumor targeting of 211At-A11 was efficient and the effect on s.c. macrotumors was strong and dose-dependent. At 6?weeks, the mean tumor volumes for the treated groups, compared with controls, were reduced by approximately 85%. The separate myelotoxicity study following one single fraction showed reduced white blood cells (WBC) for all treated groups on day 6 after treatment. For the 0.8 and 1.5?MBq, the WBC reductions were transient and followed by recovery at day 13. For 2.4?MBq, a clear toxicity was observed and the mice were sacrificed on day 7. In the long-term follow-up of the 0.8 and 1.5?MBq-groups, blood counts on day 252 were normal and no signs of radiotoxicity observed. Efficacy on i.t. microtumors was evaluated in two experiments. In experiment 1, the tumor-free fraction (TFF) was 95% for both treated groups and significantly different (p < 0.05) from the controls at a TFF of 66%). In experiment 2, the difference in TFF was smaller, 32% for the treated group versus 20% for the controls. However, the difference in microtumor volume in experiment 2 was highly significant, 0.010 ± 0.003?mm3 versus 3.79 ± 1.24?mm3 (treated versus controls, respectively), i.e., a 99.7% reduction (p < 0.001). The different outcome in experiment 1 and 2 is most likely due to differences in microtumor sizes at therapy, or higher tumor-take in experiment 2 (where more cells were implanted). CONCLUSION:Evaluating fractionated ?-RIT with 211At-labeled anti-PSCA A11 minibody, we found clear growth inhibition on both macrotumors and intratibial microtumors. For mice treated with multiple fractions, we also observed radiotoxicity manifested by progressive loss in body weight at 30 to 90?days after treatment. Our findings are conceptually promising for a systemic TAT of mCRPC and warrant further investigations of 211At-labeled PSCA-directed vectors. Such studies should include methods to improve the therapeutic window, e.g., by implementing a pretargeted regimen of ?-RIT or by altering the size of the targeting vector.

Dataset Information

Targeted alpha therapy using astatine (²¹¹At)-labeled phenylalanine: A preclinical study in glioma bearing mice.

Publications

Targeted alpha therapy using astatine (<sup>211</sup>At)-labeled phenylalanine: A preclinical study in glioma bearing mice.

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