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The physicochemical properties of chitosan prepared by microwave heating.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to compare the physicochemical properties of chitosan prepared by microwave and water bath heating with an equivalent quantity of heat intake. The structure and physicochemical properties of the chitosan obtained by these two methods were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The FTIR and XRD patterns show that there was no significant difference in the structure of chitosan produced by the two heat sources. The results showed that chitosan with 73.86% deacetylation was successfully prepared by microwave heating within 60 min, while a longer time of 180 min was required for the preparation of chitosan with the same deacetylation degree (74.47%) using the conventional heating method under the same heating rate. Even under the same temperature conditions, microwave technology can greatly reduce the reaction time by approximately 1/3, while the chitosan produced by microwaves can obtain relatively low molecular weight and viscosity. These results showed that microwaves may efficiently promote complete chemical reactions by the friction heating mechanism generated by molecular vibration beyond a rapid heating source, turning into a more efficient, energy-saving, and environmentally friendly method for the further use of rigid shrimp shells and highly crystalline crustacean materials.

SUBMITTER: Cheng J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7174223 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The physicochemical properties of chitosan prepared by microwave heating.

Cheng Jiaqi J Zhu Huaping H Huang Jianlian J Zhao Jianxin J Yan Bowen B Ma Shenyan S Zhang Hao H Fan Daming D

Food science & nutrition 20200302 4

The aim of this study was to compare the physicochemical properties of chitosan prepared by microwave and water bath heating with an equivalent quantity of heat intake. The structure and physicochemical properties of the chitosan obtained by these two methods were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and scanning electron microscopy (<i>SEM</i>). The FTIR and XRD patterns show that there was no significa ...[more]

PMID: 32328265

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Project description:Bone tissue may suffer from bone injury and bone defects due to accidents or diseases. Since the demand for autologous bone and allograft tissue far exceeds the supply, bone scaffolds have taken the lead. The use of bone scaffolds is one of the measures to help heal or regenerate bone tissue. Therefore, a new bone scaffold was proposed in this study, which has a simpler preparation process and stronger performance. This study proposes bone scaffolds with an attempt to use polymers that are synthesized separately with three types of minerals as the filler using the microwave foaming method as follows. A 0.1 wt% of montmorillonite (MMT), zinc oxide (ZnO), or titanium dioxide (TiO2) is added to chitosan (CS)/gelatin mixtures, respectively, after which sodium bicarbonate is added as a foaming agent, thereby forming porous gels. The polymer synthesized from three minerals was used as filler. The following microwave foaming method was adopted: 0.1 wt% MMT, ZnO, or TiO2 was added to the CS/gelatin mixture, and then sodium bicarbonate was added as a foaming agent to form a porous gel. Next, porous gels and polycaprolactone were combined in a self-made mold in order to form bone scaffolds. A stereo microscope is used to observe the morphology of bone scaffolds, after which the pore size analysis, pore connectivity, swell property, porosity, and compressive strength are tested, examining the effects of the mineral type on bone scaffolds. The test results indicate that with MMT being the filler and sodium bicarbonate being the foaming agent, the resulting bone scaffolds yield a porous structure with a pore size between 120 μm and 370 μm. Besides, the incorporation of polycaprolactone also provides samples of 1MCG-P, 2MCG-P, and 5MCG-P with a certain compressive strength of 150-170 MPa. To sum up, the test results substantiate that a combination of the microwave foaming method and MMT generates a porous structure for bone scaffolds (1MCG-P, 2MCG-P, and 5MCG-P), involving a porosity of 38%, an inter-connected porous structure, and the compressive strength that exceeds 150 MPa.

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The physicochemical properties of chitosan prepared by microwave heating.

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The physicochemical properties of chitosan prepared by microwave heating.

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