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Specific adsorption sites and conditions derived by thermal decomposition of activated carbons and adsorbed carbamazepine.

ABSTRACT: The adsorption of organic micropollutants onto activated carbon is a favourable solution for the treatment of drinking water and wastewater. However, these adsorption processes are not sufficiently understood to allow for the appropriate prediction of removal processes. In this study, thermogravimetric analysis, alongside evolved gas analysis, is proposed for the characterisation of micropollutants adsorbed on activated carbon. Varying amounts of carbamazepine were adsorbed onto three different activated carbons, which were subsequently dried, and their thermal decomposition mechanisms examined. The discovery of 55 different pyrolysis products allowed differentiations to be made between specific adsorption sites and conditions. However, the same adsorption mechanisms were found for all samples, which were enhanced by inorganic constituents and oxygen containing surface groups. Furthermore, increasing the loadings led to the evolution of more hydrated decomposition products, whilst parts of the carbamazepine molecules were also integrated into the carbon structure. It was also found that the chemical composition, especially the degree of dehydration of the activated carbon, plays an important role in the adsorption of carbamazepine. Hence, it is thought that the adsorption sites may have a higher adsorption energy for specific adsorbates, when the activated carbon can then potentially increase its degree of graphitisation.

SUBMITTER: Dittmann D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7174341 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Specific adsorption sites and conditions derived by thermal decomposition of activated carbons and adsorbed carbamazepine.

Dittmann Daniel D Eisentraut Paul P Goedecke Caroline C Wiesner Yosri Y Jekel Martin M Ruhl Aki Sebastian AS Braun Ulrike U

Scientific reports 20200421 1

The adsorption of organic micropollutants onto activated carbon is a favourable solution for the treatment of drinking water and wastewater. However, these adsorption processes are not sufficiently understood to allow for the appropriate prediction of removal processes. In this study, thermogravimetric analysis, alongside evolved gas analysis, is proposed for the characterisation of micropollutants adsorbed on activated carbon. Varying amounts of carbamazepine were adsorbed onto three different ...[more]

PMID: 32317741

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Project description:Activated carbons were prepared from a lignocellulosic material, African palm shells (Elaeis guineensis), by chemical impregnation of the precursor with solutions of 1-7% w/v Cu(NO3)2 at five different concentrations. These were carbonized in a carbon dioxide atmosphere at 1073 K to obtain different carbons. Their textural properties were characterized by nitrogen and carbon dioxide adsorption isotherms in order to evaluate the pore-size distribution. The immersion enthalpies of the activated carbons in benzene, dichloromethane, and water were determined. The CO2 adsorption capacities of the materials at 273 K under low-pressure conditions were also determined. Chemical characterization was performed by mass spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and temperature-programmed reduction. With this method of preparation under the concentrations described, activated micro-mesoporous carbons were obtained, with the formation of highly mesoporous solids that favored the process of diffusion of molecules of CO2 into the material. Here, we show that activated carbons were obtained with different textural characteristics: surface Brunauer-Emmett-Teller areas varied between 473 and 1361 m2 g-1 and micropore volume between 0.18 and 0.51 cm3 g-1. The activated carbon with the highest values of textural parameters was ACCu5-1073. Micro-mesoporous solids were obtained with the methodology used. This is important as it may help the entry of CO2 molecules into the pores. The adsorption of CO2 in the materials prepared presented values between 103 and 217 mg CO2 g-1; the values of volume of narrow microporosity obtained were between 0.16 and 0.45 cm3 g-1. The solid with the greatest capacity for adsorption of CO2 and volume of narrow microporosity was ACCu3-1073. The use of these solids is of importance for future practical and industrial applications. The adsorption kinetic of CO2 in the activated carbons prepared with metallic salt of copper is in good accordance with the intraparticle diffusion model, for which diffusion is the rate-limiting step. The adsorption of CO2 in the prepared activated carbons is favorable from the energy and kinetic point of view, as these accompanied by the presence of wide micro-mesoporosity favor the entry of CO2 into the micropores.

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Specific adsorption sites and conditions derived by thermal decomposition of activated carbons and adsorbed carbamazepine.

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Specific adsorption sites and conditions derived by thermal decomposition of activated carbons and adsorbed carbamazepine.

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